Asian archaeology最新文献_第8页

Two technical traditions of casting horse bits in China and their relationships with the steppe area 我国铸造马齿的两种技术传统及其与草原地区的关系

Asian archaeology Pub Date : 2019-12-06 DOI: 10.1007/s41826-019-00027-w

Shū Takahama 髙濱秀

{"title":"Two technical traditions of casting horse bits in China and their relationships with the steppe area","authors":"Shū Takahama 髙濱秀","doi":"10.1007/s41826-019-00027-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41826-019-00027-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Horse culture was introduced to China from the West. The combination of the rod-shaped metal horse-bit with cheek-pieces with projections came from the West to become the origin of the horse harness in China. There, in the Shang period, the chain type horse bit was invented, which developed with some further transformations through the Spring and Autumn period. Before the Warring States period, a horse bit deriving from another technical tradition was introduced that replaced the earlier tradition. Bone-horn cheek-pieces with three holes of different directions came from the West at about the beginning of the Western Zhou period, and their bronze imitation became the mainstream of later cheek-pieces. The earliest metal horse bit in the Ukraine, dated to the end of the Bronze Age, could be the result of influence from the East. An innovation in the horse harness, with cheek-pieces inserted into the outer rings of the bit, is recognized in both the Steppe region and China, with the examples from China being earlier. A similar method of casting horse bits is recognized in Siberia and Central Asia from the earliest period of the early nomad period. It is the same as the later Chinese technology. Siberian nomads probably transferred it to the nomads of Northern China, for example, in the Yuhuangmiao Culture, then nomadic groups of Northern China introduced it to the peoples of the Central Plain.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93733,"journal":{"name":"Asian archaeology","volume":"3 1-2","pages":"47 - 57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41826-019-00027-w","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50455512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

A reconsideration of a Chinese inscription carved on lacquerware unearthed from Barrow No. 7 of the Tsaram Xiongnu cemetery (Buryatia, Russia): new reflections on the organization of the central workshops of the Han 对察拉姆匈奴墓地（俄罗斯布里亚特）第 7 号荒冢出土的漆器上所刻汉文铭文的再思考：对汉朝中央工坊组织的新认识

Asian archaeology Pub Date : 2019-11-28 DOI: 10.1007/s41826-019-00025-y

Ikue Otani

{"title":"A reconsideration of a Chinese inscription carved on lacquerware unearthed from Barrow No. 7 of the Tsaram Xiongnu cemetery (Buryatia, Russia): new reflections on the organization of the central workshops of the Han","authors":"Ikue Otani","doi":"10.1007/s41826-019-00025-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41826-019-00025-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper reports one Chinese lacquerware unearthed from Barrow No. 7 of the Tsaram Xiongnu cemetery. The lacquerware was broken, but we composed photographs of fragments and reconstructed the design pattern. Through the reconstruction, we know that this ware decorated using the <i>zhui hua</i> technique, with similar designs seen on some vessels and boxes unearthed from Han tombs. The reading of the Chinese inscription was reported in 2007, but I correct some characters. The inscriptions were carved on objects for the control of product management. This inscription also shows that this ware was made in the Kao Gong factory, but the members of the inspectors are listed differently than other inscriptions. It is difficult to determine the reason of this difference, but it might reflect some reform of product organization. The inscription also lacks the year number, but by comparison to other inscriptions, we propose that this ware was produced in the later part of the Former Han and before 5 BCE.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93733,"journal":{"name":"Asian archaeology","volume":"3 1-2","pages":"59 - 70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41826-019-00025-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50521838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

A scientific investigation of lacquer ware incised KaoGong: Excavated from barrow No.7, Tsaram Xiongnu cemetery 曹墓7号手推车出土漆器刻考公的科学考察

Asian archaeology Pub Date : 2019-08-22 DOI: 10.1007/s41826-019-00026-x

Fumio Okada

引用次数: 1

Research at megalithic jar site 52 and the discovery of new jar sites in Xiang Khouang Province, Laos 老挝向光省52号巨石瓮遗址研究及新瓮遗址的发现

Asian archaeology Pub Date : 2019-06-25 DOI: 10.1007/s41826-019-00023-0

Dougald O’Reilly, Louise Shewan, Mailo Khamphouvong, Amphai Butphachit

引用次数: 7

Mahi Wala 1 (MW-1): a Mesolithic site in the Thal desert of Punjab (Pakistan) Mahi Wala 1（MW-1）：旁遮普省塔尔沙漠的中石器时代遗址（巴基斯坦）

Asian archaeology Pub Date : 2019-06-24 DOI: 10.1007/s41826-019-00024-z

Paolo Biagi, Elisabetta Starnini, Zubair Shafi Ghauri

引用次数: 3

An analysis of Chinese lacquerwares from the Bugry cemetery (Altay Krai, Russia) in the State Hermitage Museum 国立埃尔米塔什博物馆布格里墓地（俄罗斯阿勒泰边疆区）中国漆器分析

Asian archaeology Pub Date : 2019-05-21 DOI: 10.1007/s41826-019-00022-1

Olga Novikova

{"title":"An analysis of Chinese lacquerwares from the Bugry cemetery (Altay Krai, Russia) in the State Hermitage Museum","authors":"Olga Novikova","doi":"10.1007/s41826-019-00022-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41826-019-00022-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chinese lacquerware from Barrow 1 of the Bugry cemetery (late third century BC) in Altay Krai (Russia) features surviving paint fragments that allow for a comparative description of lacquer compositions and to reconstruct the object type. This article presents the results of the study of the characteristics of the paints and the technologies used in producing the colorings in the lacquer. Methods used includes optical microscopy, cross-section, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FTIR), and X-ray analysis. Object fragments allowed the reconstruction of the type of objects and comparative studies of lacquer composition. Differential thermal analysis (DTA) detected specific differences in thermal degradation of the lacquer films in the range 700 °C that clearly reflect the structure of the paint of each artifact. The multilayer coatings of the lacquer fragments were made by a special technology using a natural material that is derived from the Sap of the Chinese lacquer tree. The base material is a biopolymer of urushiol, a mixture of pyrocatechols contained in the Sap of lacquer tree (<i>Rhus verniciflua</i>; Chinese <i>qi shu</i> 漆树, English qi-lacquer, Japanese <i>urushi</i>). Comparison of the suite of physico-chemical analyses shows some differences with the compositions of the lacquer objects from the Noyon uul Barrows, but they also show similarities in chemical composition between the even earlier archaeological coating lacquers from the Bugry Barrows with lacquer artifacts from the burial Pazyryk in the Altai region.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93733,"journal":{"name":"Asian archaeology","volume":"2 2","pages":"121 - 138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41826-019-00022-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50503250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The underground luxury of a Western Han Marquis: major discoveries from the tomb of the Marquis of Haihun in Nanchang 西汉侯的地下奢华：南昌海昏侯墓的重大发现

Asian archaeology Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.1007/s41826-019-00021-2

Jun Yang

{"title":"The underground luxury of a Western Han Marquis: major discoveries from the tomb of the Marquis of Haihun in Nanchang","authors":"Jun Yang","doi":"10.1007/s41826-019-00021-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41826-019-00021-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The archaeological excavation of the Western Han Tomb of the Marquis of Haihun in Nanchang, carried out from 2011 to 2015, contributes greatly to the study of Western Han archaeology, history, and material culture. This paper is an introduction and initial discussion of the results of the excavation. The paper consists of four major parts: the first part introduces the advanced “first-class excavation, first-class conservation, and first-class exhibition” and the theoretical framework of the excavation and its execution; the second part provides an overview of the tomb of the Marquis of Haihun, the cemetery, and relevant sites in the surrounding areas within the larger scope of Han Dynasty archaeology; the third part includes an introduction and preliminary analysis of the excavated objects, in particular the bamboo slips and wooden tablets, musical instruments, chariots and chariot fittings, bronze artifacts, gold artifacts, jade artifacts, and lacquer pieces; and the fourth part, based on historical records, discusses the archaeological findings in light of the Marquis of Haihun’s personal experience and the historical background of his time.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93733,"journal":{"name":"Asian archaeology","volume":"2 2","pages":"65 - 102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41826-019-00021-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50428632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The archaeology of the cemetery of Liu he, the marquis of Haihun: some thoughts on mortuary institutions 海昏侯刘贺墓地考古——对丧葬制度的思考

Asian archaeology Pub Date : 2019-03-12 DOI: 10.1007/s41826-019-00019-w

Zhongli Zhang

引用次数: 0

The upper Paleolithic multi-hearth dwelling at the Kosaya Shivera-2 settlement in the Transbaikal region, Russia 俄罗斯外贝加尔地区Kosaya Shivera-2定居点的旧石器时代晚期多灶住宅

Asian archaeology Pub Date : 2019-02-04 DOI: 10.1007/s41826-019-00020-3

Alexander Konstantinov, Yegor Filatov

引用次数: 0

New ancient DNA data on the origins and spread of sheep and cattle in northern China around 4000 BP 4000 BP前后中国北方绵羊和牛起源和传播的新的古代DNA数据

Asian archaeology Pub Date : 2018-11-29 DOI: 10.1007/s41826-018-0018-z

Dawei Cai, Naifan Zhang, Xinyue Shao, Weilu Sun, Siqi Zhu, Dongya Y. Yang

{"title":"New ancient DNA data on the origins and spread of sheep and cattle in northern China around 4000 BP","authors":"Dawei Cai, Naifan Zhang, Xinyue Shao, Weilu Sun, Siqi Zhu, Dongya Y. Yang","doi":"10.1007/s41826-018-0018-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41826-018-0018-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The time around 4000 BP marks a key stage from the Late Neolithic to the Early Bronze Age in China. During the time, sheep and cattle husbandry saw rapid development under the Qijia Culture in the Gansu-Qinghai region and also became more common in the Central Plains and Inner Mongolia. In this study, we performed ancient DNA analysis on sheep and cattle remains from four archaeological sites (Changning, Shimao, Taosi and Dashanqian) in northern China, and we obtained mtDNA D-loop fragments (overlapping 271 bp for sheep and overlapping 294 bp for cattle) from 22 of 26 sheep and 44 of 52 cattle remains. The mtDNA haplogroup data reveal that all the sheep DNA samples belong to sub-haplogroups A or B, and all the cattle DNA samples belong to haplogroup T3 or T4. The identification of these common haplogroups again confirms that the ancestors of these early sheep and cattle must have been introduced from outside China, likely from the Near East. The more detailed comparison of haplogroups also indicates potential intensified trade and cultural exchanges between different regions. Furthermore, this study also provides new ancient DNA data for better understanding the origins and spread of sheep and cattle in ancient China.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93733,"journal":{"name":"Asian archaeology","volume":"2 1","pages":"51 - 57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41826-018-0018-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50524568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7