Hemato最新文献_第8页

Treatment of Lower Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes 低危骨髓增生异常综合征的治疗

Hemato Pub Date : 2022-02-08 DOI: 10.3390/hemato3010013

V. Santini

{"title":"Treatment of Lower Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes","authors":"V. Santini","doi":"10.3390/hemato3010013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/hemato3010013","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Management and Optimization of therapy for lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes will be reviewed here. Recent findings: Lower-risk MDS typically present with clinical manifestations of anemia, which is the most frequently encountered cytopenia in this setting. While therapy with erythropoietic stimulating agents (ESAs) is used in the vast majority of cases, if correctly selected, some patients do not respond, or become irresponsive to ESAs. Novel agents with very different modes of action show promising clinical results in anemic LR-MDS refractory/relapsed after ESAs. Luspatercept, a TGFbeta family ligand trap, induces nearly 50% of transfusion independence in LR MDS. Another investigational agent showing efficacy and possibly disease modifying activity is the telomerase inhibitor imetelstat. Modulation of dose and schedule of hypomethylating agents, both injectable and oral, is currently being explored, and preliminary results are positive. There is still no standard therapeutic approach for thrombocytopenic and neutropenic LR MDS, although they do represent a smaller proportion of cases. Immunosuppressive treatments, as well as TPO mimetics, could represent a good option in selected MDS cases. Summary: At present, the availability of novel active agents allows the planning of sequential therapy, especially for anemic LR MDS. Better diagnosis and prognostic stratification may allow a more precise and personalized treatment.","PeriodicalId":93705,"journal":{"name":"Hemato","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45850121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Future Developments in the Treatment of AL Amyloidosis AL淀粉样变性治疗的未来发展

Hemato Pub Date : 2022-02-07 DOI: 10.3390/hemato3010012

F. Theodorakakou, D. Fotiou, M. Dimopoulos, E. Kastritis

引用次数: 2

The NKL- and TALE-Codes Represent Hematopoietic Gene Signatures to Evaluate Deregulated Homeobox Genes in Hodgkin Lymphoma NKL-和TALE编码代表造血基因特征，以评估霍奇金淋巴瘤中下调的同源框基因

Hemato Pub Date : 2022-02-02 DOI: 10.3390/hemato3010011

S. Nagel

{"title":"The NKL- and TALE-Codes Represent Hematopoietic Gene Signatures to Evaluate Deregulated Homeobox Genes in Hodgkin Lymphoma","authors":"S. Nagel","doi":"10.3390/hemato3010011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/hemato3010011","url":null,"abstract":"Homeobox genes encode transcription factors which control basic processes in development and differentiation. Concerning the sequence conservation in their homeobox, these genes are arranged into particular groups sharing evolutionary ancestry and resembling in function. We have recently described the physiological expression patterns of two homeobox gene groups, NKL and TALE, in early hematopoiesis and subsequent lymphopoiesis. The hematopoietic activities of eleven NKL and nine TALE homeobox genes have been termed as NKL- and TALE-codes, respectively. Due to the developmental impact of homeobox genes, these expression data indicate a key role for their activity in normal hematopoietic differentiation processes, including B-cell development. On the other hand, aberrant expression of NKL- and TALE-code members or ectopic activation of non-code members have been frequently reported in lymphoid malignancies, demonstrating their oncogenic potential in the hematopoietic compartment. Here, we provide an overview of the established NKL- and TALE-codes in normal lymphopoiesis and of deregulated homeobox genes in Hodgkin lymphoma, demonstrating the capability of gene codes to identify homeo-oncogenes in lymphoid malignancies.","PeriodicalId":93705,"journal":{"name":"Hemato","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43609817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Persisting Endothelial Cell Activation and Hypercoagulability after COVID-19 Recovery—The Prospective Observational ROADMAP-Post COVID-19 Study 新冠肺炎康复后内皮细胞持续激活和高凝性——新冠肺炎后ROADM的前瞻性观察研究

Hemato Pub Date : 2022-01-26 DOI: 10.3390/hemato3010010

G. Gerotziafas, P. Van Dreden, T. Sergentanis, M. Politou, A. Rousseau, Matthieu Grusse, M. Sabbah, I. Elalamy, V. Pappa, Tina Skourti, T. Bagratuni, I. Ntanasis-Stathopoulos, E. Korompoki, S. Labropoulou, M. Dimopoulos, E. Terpos

{"title":"Persisting Endothelial Cell Activation and Hypercoagulability after COVID-19 Recovery—The Prospective Observational ROADMAP-Post COVID-19 Study","authors":"G. Gerotziafas, P. Van Dreden, T. Sergentanis, M. Politou, A. Rousseau, Matthieu Grusse, M. Sabbah, I. Elalamy, V. Pappa, Tina Skourti, T. Bagratuni, I. Ntanasis-Stathopoulos, E. Korompoki, S. Labropoulou, M. Dimopoulos, E. Terpos","doi":"10.3390/hemato3010010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/hemato3010010","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Hypercoagulable state and endothelial cell activation are common alterations in patients with COVID-19. Nevertheless, the hypothesis of persistent hypercoagulability and endothelial cell activation following recovery from COVID-19 remains an unresolved issue. Objectives. To investigate the persistence of endothelial cell activation and hypercoagulability after recovery from COVID-19. Patients/Methods. COVID-19 survivors (n = 208) and 30 healthy individuals were enrolled in this study. The following biomarkers were measured: procoagulant phospholipid-dependent clotting time (PPL-ct), D-Dimer, fibrin monomers (FM), free Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (free-TFP)I, heparinase, and soluble thrombomodulin (sTM). Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 (IgG and IgA) were also measured. Results. The median interval between symptom onset and screening for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was 62 days (IQR = 22 days). Survivors showed significantly higher levels of D-Dimers, FM, TFPI, and heparanase as compared to that of the control group. Survivors had significantly shorter PPL-ct. Elevated D-dimer was associated with older age. Elevated FM was associated with female gender. Elevated heparanase was independently associated with male gender. Decreased Procoag-PPL clotting time was associated with female gender. One out of four of COVID-19 survivors showed increase at least one biomarker of endothelial cell activation or hypercoagulability. Conclusions. Two months after onset of COVID-19, a significant activation of endothelial cells and in vivo thrombin generation persists in at least one out of four survivors of COVID-19. The clinical relevance of these biomarkers in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with long COVID-19 merits to be evaluated in a prospective clinical study.","PeriodicalId":93705,"journal":{"name":"Hemato","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43872677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Acknowledgment to Reviewers of Hemato in 2021 向2021年Hemato审稿人致谢

Hemato Pub Date : 2022-01-25 DOI: 10.3390/hemato3010009

引用次数: 0

Monitoring Patients with Light Chain (AL) Amyloidosis during and after Therapy: Response Assessment and Identification of Relapse 在治疗期间和治疗后监测轻链(AL)淀粉样变性患者:反应评估和复发识别

Hemato Pub Date : 2022-01-21 DOI: 10.3390/hemato3010008

P. Milani, M. Cibeira

引用次数: 0

Is Circulating DNA and Tumor Cells in Myeloma the Way Forward? 骨髓瘤的循环DNA和肿瘤细胞是前进的道路吗？

Hemato Pub Date : 2022-01-13 DOI: 10.3390/hemato3010006

E. Arnault Carneiro, F. Barahona, C. Pestana, C. João

{"title":"Is Circulating DNA and Tumor Cells in Myeloma the Way Forward?","authors":"E. Arnault Carneiro, F. Barahona, C. Pestana, C. João","doi":"10.3390/hemato3010006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/hemato3010006","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second deadliest hematological cancer. Despite the enormous innovation on MM treatment in the last decades, still 48% of patients die within 5 years after diagnosis. MM diagnosis and therapeutic strategy mainly rely on direct bone marrow (BM) assessment. Given the MM heterogeneity, BM biopsies do not accurately reflect the whole disease status, hampering accurate disease prognosis. Moreover, biopsies are painful and invasive procedures, highlighting the need for non-invasive and more accurate source of biomarkers. Liquid biopsies are promising sources of biomarkers that may overcome these limitations. Peripheral blood carries circulating myeloma components that are being extensively explored since the last few years as an alternative to BM aspirates. These include circulating tumor cells (CTC), cell-free DNA (cfDNA), and extracellular vesicles containing miRNA and proteins. The current review summarizes scientific evidence establishing BM as a gold standard for the diagnosis, prognosis, and evaluation of minimal residual disease. We discuss the last advances regarding cfDNA and CTC biomarkers from peripheral blood in patients with MM as well as the statistical validations. This paper addresses the technological hurdles associated with liquid biopsies and examines the missing steps for their inclusion into the clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":93705,"journal":{"name":"Hemato","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46060440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Mechanisms of Organ Damage and Novel Treatment Targets in AL Amyloidosis AL淀粉样变性的器官损伤机制及新的治疗靶点

Hemato Pub Date : 2022-01-12 DOI: 10.3390/hemato3010005

F. Lavatelli

引用次数: 3

Aetiology of MDS: With a Focus on Hereditary Predisposition MDS的病因学:以遗传易感性为重点

Hemato Pub Date : 2021-12-24 DOI: 10.3390/hemato3010003

A. Khan, D. Bowen

引用次数: 0

Learning from Patients: The Interplay between Clinical and Laboratory Research in AL Amyloidosis 向患者学习：AL淀粉样变性临床与实验室研究的互动

Hemato Pub Date : 2021-12-22 DOI: 10.3390/hemato3010002

M. Gatt, M. Pick

{"title":"Learning from Patients: The Interplay between Clinical and Laboratory Research in AL Amyloidosis","authors":"M. Gatt, M. Pick","doi":"10.3390/hemato3010002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/hemato3010002","url":null,"abstract":"Primary systemic light chain amyloidosis (AL) is a rare monoclonal plasma cell disorder. Much research has been performed to determine the factors that underly amyloidogenicity. However, there is increasing evidence that the primary clone, and also patient-related factors, influence the mechanism and rate of the process. The lessons learnt from patient care definitely imply that this is not solely due to the deposition of material in the tissues that cause organ injury but amyloid light chain precursors are likely to mediate cellular toxicity. The disease rarity, combined with the lack of in vitro tools, and that multi-organ failure has a wide clinical spectrum, result in investigative challenges and treatment limitations (due to AL patient frailty). All these characteristics make the disease difficult to diagnose and indicate the need to further study its origins and treatments. This review will focus on the various aspects of the amyloidogenic plasma cell clone, as learnt from the patient care and clinics, and its implications on basic as well as clinical trials of AL research. Details regarding the etiology of the plasma cell clone, understanding the diagnosis of AL, and improvement of patient care with specific consideration of the future perspectives of individualized patient therapy will be described.","PeriodicalId":93705,"journal":{"name":"Hemato","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47491484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0