PLOS water最新文献

{"title":"Guiding principles for establishing and strengthening environmental microbiology laboratories for public health in resource-limited settings.","authors":"Jennifer Murphy, Daniele Lantagne, Jonathon Gass, Alexandra Kossik, Javier Gallard-Góngora, Molly Cantrell, Dan Deere, Manise Pierre, Vincent Hill","doi":"10.1371/journal.pwat.0000543","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pwat.0000543","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93672,"journal":{"name":"PLOS water","volume":"5 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13613339/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149066699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socioecological drivers of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) choices: A qualitative analysis of maternal perspectives in northwest Ecuador.","authors":"Molly K Miller-Petrie, Gwenyth O Lee, Marie L Spiker, Adriana Lupero, Mauricio Ayovi, William Cevallos, Gabriel Trueba, Joseph N S Eisenberg, Karen Levy","doi":"10.1371/journal.pwat.0000368","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pwat.0000368","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Household-level water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) interventions do not always achieve sustainable uptake. Research that considers WASH within a socioecological framework, where multi-level factors are interconnected in influencing choices, can inform more effective interventions. To understand WASH preferences and priorities under different socioeconomic and community contexts, we conducted in-depth interviews and freelisting activities with 33 mothers of children under age two participating in the ECoMiD study in northwest Ecuador. Data were inductively coded and connected thematically to the socioecological framework. Select survey data from ECoMiD were analyzed to provide additional context. Maternal WASH choices are driven by factors at each level of the framework. Climatic: seasonal flooding decreases the appeal of WASH investments like cisterns, and household wealth facilitates access in times of climatic stress. Geographic: benefits of WASH access via proximity to piped systems are complicated by quality and consistency concerns, while access from proximity to rivers is complicated by labor requirements. Community: local infrastructure dictates individual options for accessing WASH, and local conditions are dictated by national sociopolitical context and policy decisions. Household: consistent, quality piped water for drinking and chores is the most common maternal WASH preference. WASH choices respond to financial and labor constraints. Individual: mothers value time-savings associated with WASH technologies and access. Maternal decision making operates at the terminus of a chain of broader and interconnected socioecological conditions. The burden of obtaining WASH access is greatest for the poorest households with the least community infrastructure, compounded by seasonal conditions. This contextually grounded study draws attention to how socio-spatial, economic, and environmental constraints interact in the Ecuadorian context to shape lived experience. Improving community-level WASH and taking a multisectoral approach to health interventions would better address barriers to WASH access, and support mothers in making WASH-related choices that can ultimately improve child health and wellbeing.</p>","PeriodicalId":93672,"journal":{"name":"PLOS water","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12948185/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147328289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wildfire mobilization of arsenic into water resources: A scoping review of current literature.","authors":"Jordan Willeford, Leigh Moorhead, Kai Malone, Alexis Payton, Janice S Lee, Julia E Rager, Stephen D LeDuc","doi":"10.1371/journal.pwat.0000549","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pwat.0000549","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Increasing wildfire activity poses a threat to water resources via the mobilization of hazardous materials such as arsenic (As). While As contamination of water resources is well studied, the fate and transport of As impacted by wildfire are not well characterized. This literature review synthesizes studies addressing the questions of: (1) Does fuel type influence how As is mobilized by wildfire?; (2) What mobilization pathways are most common for As when impacted by wildfires?; and (3) How are surface and groundwater As concentrations impacted by wildfire mobilization of As? To address this goal, articles were queried using Boolean search strings in Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science and screened for relevance using PECO (Population, Exposure, Comparator, and Outcome) criteria. Twenty articles met the criteria, showing wildfire mobilization of As and changes in concentrations or loading of As to surface or groundwater. The majority of studies (16 of 20) showed an increase or a likely increase in As in waterbodies post-wildfire. Runoff to surface water was by far the dominant pathway. Average values typically did not exceed drinking water standards, although six studies reported instances where this occurred, with one reporting exceedances in treated drinking water itself. The largest value of dissolved As reported across surveyed literature (70 μg/L) was measured downgradient of a legacy mining operation post-wildfire. Higher values were also observed downstream of burned agricultural or urban areas, illustrating how human activities concentrate As, which can then be subsequently mobilized by wildfire. In contrast to surface water, groundwater impacts were inconsistent in the limited literature, with one study showing an increase in post-wildfire As, while the other two studies showed no-change. Overall, these results suggest communities may need to test drinking water supplies for As following wildfire, especially in cases where mining, agricultural, or urbanized areas are burned.</p>","PeriodicalId":93672,"journal":{"name":"PLOS water","volume":"5 8","pages":"e0000549"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13679690/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149229527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accessible ethics and legal advice for wastewater surveillance: The WWS ethics adviser app.","authors":"Tsaone Tamuhla, Mercury Shitindo, Michelle Nichols, Vincent Junxiong Pang, Elyssa Jiawen Liu, Nicki Tiffin","doi":"10.1371/journal.pwat.0000422","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pwat.0000422","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wastewater surveillance (WWS) has a long history in infectious disease management, from the detection of <i>Salmonella Paratyphi B</i> in sewers by Moore in 1948, to its role in global poliovirus eradication and more recently the deployment of WWS to track SARS-CoV-2. Whilst current interest has focused on pathogen sequencing to monitor outbreaks, WWS encompasses a much broader molecular landscape that includes a wide array of chemical compounds, proteins and DNA from human, animal, plant and microbial organisms. This diversity creates novel opportunities for public health applications, environmental monitoring, biodiversity studies, forensic science and even commercial innovation. The communities from which wastewater is sourced should be the primary beneficiaries of surveillance efforts, but WWS also requires robust governance mechanisms and ethical oversight to prevent harm to communities, ensure equitable practices, fulfil legal obligations and ensure appropriate use of potentially sensitive or commercially valuable findings. End-users of WWS resources must navigate these complexities to ensure ethical and legal compliance and responsible use of WWS samples and data. To assist with this process, we developed the WWS Ethics Adviser, an online interactive tool designed to alert users to context-specific ethical, legal, and governance considerations in WWS activities. The app aims to synthesise the principles of guidelines, treaties and other complex frameworks and resources into concise and actionable information for end users. The content is created within a two-dimensional matrix that categorises molecular entities and their origin against corresponding ethical, legal and governance elements. The tool offers tailored advice for WWS practitioners, oversight committees and responsible parties, in order to support equitable, ethical and legal WWS practices across diverse settings and use cases, and can be found at: https://wastewater-surveil-lance-ethics.streamlit.app/.</p>","PeriodicalId":93672,"journal":{"name":"PLOS water","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13166137/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147936306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Success criteria comparison of eight implemented projects to improve the planning, design, and construction of floodplain wetlands.","authors":"Robert J Hawley, Chris Nietch, Donnie Knight, Shelby Acosta, Kurt Cooper, Nora Korth, Abi Raetz, John McManus, Rebecca McClatchy, Jake Hahn, Hannah Lubbers, Laura Lair, Ryan J Winston","doi":"10.1371/journal.pwat.0000426","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pwat.0000426","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prior to mass deforestation of uplands and drainage efforts in lowlands, floodplain wetlands were abundant in river valleys. Deforestation of steep slopes and the associated accumulation of alluvial sediment in valley bottoms have left floodplains much drier and largely disconnected from their adjacent rivers, restricting the ecosystem and societal benefits floodplains can provide. By exporting alluvial sediments from floodplains, long buried wetlands can be restored with improved connectivity to stream networks. Such floodplain wetland restoration efforts can provide benefits at orders-of-magnitude lower costs than conventional stormwater control measures (SCMs) by minimizing pipes and other hardened infrastructure. Particularly in urban and suburban watersheds, floodplains are often one of the last open areas to locate SCMs that have the potential to intercept large volumes of runoff. They can also be coupled with recreational opportunities or urban canopy restoration programs, expanding the societal benefits of and opportunities to fund floodplain wetland restoration. This paper presents insights from planning, design, modeling, and construction of eight floodplain wetland restoration projects. The eight projects were compared using success criteria that spanned two themes: 1) maximizing the benefits that the floodplain wetland can provide and 2) maximizing the economic efficiency and durability of the project. As a part of the comparison, we note characteristics for identifying good sites for floodplain wetlands, design optimization strategies for various project goals (e.g., nutrient reductions vs. offloading excessively erosive streamflow vs. flood reduction), and construction sequencing approaches for efficiency and cost minimization. Removing alluvium from floodplains can provide expanded flood storage and lowered flood elevations, restored off-channel habitat for fish/birds, improved water quality, reduced erosion/biotic disturbance for mussels/macroinvertebrates, and, in some cases, the economic benefits of an abundant source of high-quality topsoil for farmers, landscapers, and developers.</p>","PeriodicalId":93672,"journal":{"name":"PLOS water","volume":"5 1","pages":"e0000426"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13266620/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148267493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rivers are messy: Beyond the water bias in research and management","authors":"Bathsheba Demuth, Giacomo Parrinello, Ellen Wohl","doi":"10.1371/journal.pwat.0000447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pwat.0000447","url":null,"abstract":"This article reviews current trends in interdisciplinary river research to argue that a “water bias” or tendency consider rivers as synonymous with water can hinder our understanding of rivers and consequently also their management. While water is central in defining rivers, contemporary scholarship across a wide spectrum of the natural sciences has expanded from an initial focus primarily interested in water to conceptualize rivers as a more complex set of ecological and physical processes that includes sediment, nutrients, microbial communities, flora and fauna. River research in the social sciences, however, almost exclusively considers rivers as hydrological processes, thus poorly reflecting these advances. We argue that overcoming this “water bias” is essential to both natural and social science research on rivers. Conceptualizing rivers as more than just water, combined with the tools of the social sciences, can generate more robust explanations of how rivers work socially and physically. This in turn can enable more effective river management in a time of rapid social, climatological, and ecological change, when acknowledging the “messy” nature of rivers and their politics and co-producing river knowledge are key to decision-making about rivers’ futures.","PeriodicalId":93672,"journal":{"name":"PLOS water","volume":"4 11","pages":"e0000447-e0000447"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147891254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resource allocation for environmental health services in healthcare facilities: A qualitative case study from Niger.","authors":"Silvia Landa, Elisha Y Sanoussi, Ezechiel Mahamane, Kairou Oudou Bilo Mahamadou, Aaron Salzberg, Darcy M Anderson","doi":"10.1371/journal.pwat.0000330","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pwat.0000330","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Water, sanitation, hygiene, waste management, and other environmental health services are critical for safe health systems, but global access is lacking. Adequate financing is a key barrier, and understanding resource allocation can help identify solutions in resource-limited contexts. We conducted a qualitative case examining resource allocation in rural Niger. Our objectives were to understand resource allocation processes, key actors and their roles, and contextual factors that influenced resource allocation. We interviewed thirty-three healthcare workers, community leaders, and government officials. We found that resource allocation followed formal and informal processes. Formal processes encompassed annual budgets and monthly supplies through government channels, while informal processes depended on healthcare workers' out-of-pocket expenses, unpaid labor, in-kind community support, healthcare facility revenue, and contributions from non-governmental and United Nations agencies, and the diaspora. Informal resource allocation was critical to fill the gap when formal processes were slow or insufficient. Resource allocation was highly decentralized with minimal influence of national policies and legal frameworks at the local level. Key contextual factors influencing resource allocation included politicization of budgets at the commune level, sometimes leading to inefficiency or inequity. We observed that healthcare facility actors who were most knowledgeable of needs often held the least decision-making power. We concluded that informal processes were complementary to formal processes, not conflicting. In contexts where government funding is severely limited, informal mechanisms may be the only viable short-term option to ensure the availability of services, demonstrating greater flexibility and adaptability. However, ultimately informal processes are an interim solution that should be explored to ensure service delivery without undermining long-term government systems strengthening. We recommend that funders commit to long-term initiatives promoting local government democratic decision-making, account for local actors' capacities and incentives, and acknowledge dynamic formal and informal resource allocations to optimize investments and trade-offs.</p>","PeriodicalId":93672,"journal":{"name":"PLOS water","volume":"4 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12453085/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145133145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How water intermittency and water perceptions influence household coping strategies in northwestern Ecuador.","authors":"Andrea Sosa-Moreno, Gwenyth O Lee, James A Trostle, Karen Levy, Josefina Coloma, Joseph N S Eisenberg","doi":"10.1371/journal.pwat.0000439","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pwat.0000439","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intermittent water supply (IWS) systems are characterized by water services that are unavailable for hours or days at a time, resulting in water insecurity even among households with piped water connections. While coping strategies for IWS are well-documented, their specific associations with measures of intermittency, such as weekly frequency, daily duration, and predictability of intermittent periods, are not well understood. Most existing research relies on descriptive comparisons across sites, with limited use of multivariable models to quantify these associations. To address these gaps, we used an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design to characterize household piped water intermittency and their association with coping strategies across three communities in northwestern Ecuador. In the quantitative phase, household surveys captured data on water supply and coping strategies for IWS. In the qualitative phase, semi-structured in-depth interviews explored resident's perceptions of water access and quality. All three study communities experienced IWS, but the weekly frequency and daily duration of intermittent periods varied by location. Within Borbón, the largest town, neighborhood-level differences in IWS patterns were observed. After adjusting for household sociodemographic factors, each additional day per week without water supply was associated with a 30% higher odds of households treating their domestic water (1.30 [1.18-1.41]), and an 18% lower odds of relying on multiple drinking water sources (OR: 0.82 [0.72-0.92]). Each additional 3-hours per day without water supply was associated with a 12% higher odds of treating domestic water (OR: 1.12 [1.04 - 1.22]). Qualitative findings further suggested that household coping strategies were influenced by perceptions of water safety and quality, convenience, cost, and predictability. Unreliable water systems may erode trust in piped water, prompting households to adopt coping strategies that have their own risks and costs. Interventions that promote continuous water services and improved water management are essential to reduce health risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":93672,"journal":{"name":"PLOS water","volume":"4 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12948165/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147328297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental surveillance of soil-transmitted helminths and other enteric pathogens in settings without networked wastewater infrastructure: Environmental surveillance for STH and other enteric pathogens.","authors":"Joël Edoux Eric Siko, Kendra Joy Dahmer, Zayina Zondervenni Manoharan, Ajithkumar Muthukumar, Heather K Amato, Christopher LeBoa, Michael Harris, Venkateshprabhu Janagaraj, Malathi Manuel, Tintu Varghese, Parfait Houngbegnon, Nils Pilotte, Bernadin Bouko, Souad Saïdou, Adrian J F Luty, Rohan Michael Ramesh, Moudachirou Ibikounlé, Sitara S R Ajjampur, Amy J Pickering","doi":"10.1371/journal.pwat.0000337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pwat.0000337","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Soil-transmitted helminths (STH) are one of the most prevalent enteric infections world-wide. To control STH-related morbidity, the World Health Organization recommends targeted deworming and improvements in water, sanitation and hygiene. Current surveillance strategies for STH focus on identifying and quantifying eggs in stool samples via microscopy, which exhibits poor specificity and sensitivity, especially in settings with low-intensity infections. Wastewater-based epidemiology is a surveillance tool used to monitor pathogen circulation and could replace stool-based approaches for STH detection. However, sampling strategies for settings lacking networked sanitation outside large urban settlements are not well developed. Here, we report evaluation of sampling strategies for soil and wastewater STH surveillance in rural and peri-urban settings without networked sanitation. We used multi-parallel qPCR assays to detect STH DNA in soil collected from high foot-traffic locations and three types of wastewater samples (passive Moore swabs, grab samples, and sediment from drainage ditches) in Comé, Benin and Timiri and Jawadhu Hills in Tamil Nadu, India. We detected STH in soil (India = 32/95, Benin = 39/121) and wastewater (India = 24/60, Benin = 8/64) with a detection frequency across all sample types of 36% in India and 25% in Benin. We evaluated which sample locations and types allowed for more sensitive detection of STH DNA and determined that STH prevalence varied by sample site but did not vary significantly within a given sample site location (e.g., samples collected from multiple locations within one market). Further, we determined that wastewater sediment samples outperformed grab and Moore swab sample types for STH detection. Finally, we expanded our methods to include detection of other enteric pathogens using multiplexed qPCR for wastewater samples. Our results establish sampling strategies for environmental and wastewater surveillance of a wide range of enteric pathogens in settings without networked sanitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":93672,"journal":{"name":"PLOS water","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12383780/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144982135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Testing for heavy metals in drinking water collected from Dog Aging Project participants.","authors":"Courtney L Sexton, Janice O'Brien, Justin Lytle, Sam Rodgers, Amber Keyser, Mandy Kauffman, Matthew D Dunbar, Marc Edwards, Leigh Anne Krometis, Audrey Ruple","doi":"10.1371/journal.pwat.0000296","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pwat.0000296","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heavy metals are commonly found in groundwater and can affect the quality of drinking water. In this pilot study, we analyzed the quality of drinking water for dogs participating in the Dog Aging Project (DAP) who lived in homes not served by a municipal water supply. In order to capture both diverse and localized environmental factors that may affect drinking water, 200 owners of DAP dogs located in one of 10 selected states were invited to participate. We tested for the presence of 28 metals in dogs' drinking water, including eight (8) heavy metals that have maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) designated by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and five (5) heavy metals that have EPA health guidance levels. The eight metals with MCLs are known to cause chronic health issues in humans after long-term ingestion. Our aim in this pilot was to determine whether such elements could be detected by at-home sampling of dogs' drinking water, and, using regression models, to examine associations between water source variables, metal values, and developed disease. We found detectable levels of all metals tested. There were 126 instances when an analyte (arsenic, lead, copper, sodium, strontium, nickel, or vanadium) was above the EPA MCL or health guidance level. We further identified potential association between the presence of titanium and chromium, and occurrence of a known health condition in dogs. This prompts further investigation with a larger, stratified sample analyzing dogs' drinking water composition and long-term health and wellness outcomes in dogs living in diverse geographies. These results may impact veterinary care decisions and husbandry, and underscore the validity and importance of utilizing dogs as sentinels of human health outcomes in the context of drinking water contamination.</p>","PeriodicalId":93672,"journal":{"name":"PLOS water","volume":"4 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463316/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145187848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}