ObesitiesPub Date : 2021-06-01Epub Date: 2021-06-03DOI: 10.3390/obesities1010005
Natalie G Keirns, Cindy E Tsotsoros, Samantha Addante, Harley M Layman, Jaimie Arona Krems, Rebecca L Pearl, A Janet Tomiyama, Misty A W Hawkins
{"title":"Adverse Childhood Experiences Associated with Greater Internalization of Weight Stigma in Women with Excess Weight.","authors":"Natalie G Keirns, Cindy E Tsotsoros, Samantha Addante, Harley M Layman, Jaimie Arona Krems, Rebecca L Pearl, A Janet Tomiyama, Misty A W Hawkins","doi":"10.3390/obesities1010005","DOIUrl":"10.3390/obesities1010005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) may be an early life factor associated with adult weight stigma via biological (e.g., stress response), cognitive (e.g., self-criticism/deprecation), and/or emotional (e.g., shame) mechanisms. This pilot study investigated relationships between ACEs and internalized and experienced weight stigma in adult women with overweight/obesity and explored differential relationships between weight stigma and ACE subtypes (i.e., abuse, neglect, household dysfunction). Adult women (68% white, <i>M</i> <sub>age</sub> = 33 ± 10 years, <i>M</i> <sub>BMI</sub> = 33.7 ± 7.2 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) completed measures of ACEs (ACE Questionnaire), internalized weight stigma (IWS; Weight Bias Internalization Scale-Modified; WBIS-M), and lifetime experiences of weight stigma (yes/no). Data were analyzed with linear and logistic regression (<i>n</i> = 46), adjusting for age, race, and body mass index (BMI). Linear regressions revealed a positive association between ACE and WBIS-M scores (<i>β</i> = 0.40, <i>p</i> = 0.006), which was driven by Abuse-type ACEs (<i>β</i> = 0.48, <i>p</i> = 0.009). Relationships between WBIS-M scores and Neglect- and Household-Dysfunction-type ACEs did not reach significance (<i>β</i> = 0.20, <i>p</i> = 0.173; <i>β</i> = -0.16, <i>p</i> = 0.273). Though descriptive statistics revealed greater rates of experienced weight stigma endorsement by those with high-3+ ACEs (81%) vs. medium-1-2 ACEs (67%) or low/no-0 ACEs (60%), ACE scores were not significantly associated with experienced weight stigma in logistic regression (Wald = 1.36, <i>p</i> = 0.244, OR = 1.324, 95%, CI = 0.825-2.125). ACEs may be an early life factor that increase the risk for internalizing weight stigma in adulthood. Larger studies should confirm this relationship and follow-up on descriptive findings suggesting a potential association between ACEs and experienced weight stigma.</p>","PeriodicalId":93598,"journal":{"name":"Obesities","volume":"1 1","pages":"49-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9033161/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48612047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ObesitiesPub Date : 2020-12-08DOI: 10.3390/obesities1010001
Hui-Peng Liew
{"title":"Transitions among BMI States: A Test of Competing Hypotheses","authors":"Hui-Peng Liew","doi":"10.3390/obesities1010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/obesities1010001","url":null,"abstract":"Overweight/obesity and underweight among older adults remain major public health concerns in the United States. This study aims to assess cohort differences in transition among BMI (body mass index) statuses (underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese) by various cohort and race/ethnicity–gender groups. The empirical work of this study was based on the 1992–2014 Health and Retirement Study (HRS). Multistate life tables (MSLT) were used to assess transitions among different BMI statuses. Results from multistate life tables suggested that the impact of cumulative advantage (disadvantage), persistent inequality, and aging-as-leveler on transition among BMI statuses was shaped along race/ethnicity–gender and cohort lines. Weight management and weight loss strategies should focus on ethnic minorities (i.e., Black and Hispanic populations) and White participants from recent cohorts. Programs aimed at minimizing the negative consequences associated with underweight and weight loss should focus on individuals from earlier cohorts and Black populations.","PeriodicalId":93598,"journal":{"name":"Obesities","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3390/obesities1010001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43502839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}