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Journal of research of the National Bureau of Standards (1977)最新文献

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The Collection and Preparation of Human Blood Plasma or Serum for Trace Element Analysis. 微量元素分析用人血浆或血清的采集与制备。
Journal of research of the National Bureau of Standards (1977) Pub Date : 1986-03-01 DOI: 10.6028/jres.091.014
J Versieck
{"title":"The Collection and Preparation of Human Blood Plasma or Serum for Trace Element Analysis.","authors":"J Versieck","doi":"10.6028/jres.091.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.091.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Trace element concentrations in blood plasma or serum have been assayed by numerous investigators using a variety of analytical techniques. For several elements, figures obtained in different centers are widely disparate. Impressive evidence has accumulated that a great deal of the inconsistencies should be ascribed to unsuspected contamination of the samples with exogenous material during their collection and preparation. In this paper, a number of potential sources of extraneous additions are indicated. Methods for controlling contamination are also briefly discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":93321,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research of the National Bureau of Standards (1977)","volume":"91 2","pages":"87-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6658443/pdf/jres-91-087.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39272980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Technical News Briefs. 技术新闻简报。
Journal of research of the National Bureau of Standards (1977) Pub Date : 1986-03-01 DOI: 10.6028/jres.091.016
{"title":"Technical News Briefs.","authors":"","doi":"10.6028/jres.091.016","DOIUrl":"10.6028/jres.091.016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93321,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research of the National Bureau of Standards (1977)","volume":"91 2","pages":"103-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6687614/pdf/jres-91-103.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39281362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Conference Reports: THE INVESTIGATION OF FUNDAMENTAL INTERACTIONS WITH COLD NEUTRONS. 会议报告:与冷中子的基本相互作用的研究。
Journal of research of the National Bureau of Standards (1977) Pub Date : 1986-03-01 DOI: 10.6028/jres.091.017
G L Greene
{"title":"Conference Reports: THE INVESTIGATION OF FUNDAMENTAL INTERACTIONS WITH COLD NEUTRONS.","authors":"G L Greene","doi":"10.6028/jres.091.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.091.017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93321,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research of the National Bureau of Standards (1977)","volume":"91 2","pages":"111-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6658437/pdf/jres-91-111.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39281363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Technical Considerations for Sampling and Sample Preparation of Biomedical Samples for Trace Element Analysis. 微量元素分析用生物医学样品取样和样品制备的技术注意事项。
Journal of research of the National Bureau of Standards (1977) Pub Date : 1986-03-01 DOI: 10.6028/jres.091.010
Robert M Parr
{"title":"Technical Considerations for Sampling and Sample Preparation of Biomedical Samples for Trace Element Analysis.","authors":"Robert M Parr","doi":"10.6028/jres.091.010","DOIUrl":"10.6028/jres.091.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sampling and sample preparation procedures are to a large extent determined by the analytical method used since different methods vary in the amount of material required for analysis and in how this is pre-treated before being introduced into the measuring instrument. Judging from intercomparison studies conducted by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), the most widely applicable methods now in use are Neutron Activation Analysis, Atomic Absorption Spectrometry, and Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry, though the latter still seems to have insufficient sensitivity for many trace elements of biomedical interest. Common to all these methods is the problem of contaminating the sample before or during analysis. For many elements (e.g., As, Cd, Co, Cr, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, and V) sufficient control over contamination can only be achieved by the use of special tools and reagents, and by working in a controlled (dust-free) environment. Several important elements (e.g., As, Hg, Sb, and I) are subject to losses on drying or ashing, but can be recovered reliably if wet-ashed in a closed container such as a PTFE \"bomb.\" For representative sampling it is almost always necessary to start with several grams of material, and to homogenize this, if the effects of sample heterogeneity are to be reduced to an acceptable level. Quality assurance procedures covering all these aspects are difficult both to define and to apply. However, much can be learned from the statistical evaluation of results for duplicate samples, and from a determination of the limit of quantitation of the analytical procedure.</p>","PeriodicalId":93321,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research of the National Bureau of Standards (1977)","volume":"91 2","pages":"51-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6658442/pdf/jres-91-051.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39272976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Representative Sampling of Human Tissue. 具有代表性的人体组织样本。
Journal of research of the National Bureau of Standards (1977) Pub Date : 1986-03-01 DOI: 10.6028/jres.091.009
Howard C Hopps
{"title":"Representative Sampling of Human Tissue.","authors":"Howard C Hopps","doi":"10.6028/jres.091.009","DOIUrl":"10.6028/jres.091.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the chemical analyses of tissues for trace elements, quality control of the tissue sample for its <i>anatomic</i> composition is a critically important step that is frequently overlooked. This is because the analyst often assumes a degree of homogeneity that does not exist. The means of attaining a representative sample vary greatly depending on the organ or tissue involved, and also on the level of resolution chosen, i.e., the size of the sample.</p>","PeriodicalId":93321,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research of the National Bureau of Standards (1977)","volume":"91 2","pages":"47-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6658441/pdf/jres-91-047.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39272975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Foreword: Symposium on Standardization of Collection and Preparation of Biomedical Samples for Trace Element Analysis. 前言:痕量元素分析用生物医学样品采集与制备标准化研讨会。
Journal of research of the National Bureau of Standards (1977) Pub Date : 1986-03-01 DOI: 10.6028/jres.091.008
Rolf Zeisler
{"title":"Foreword: Symposium on Standardization of Collection and Preparation of Biomedical Samples for Trace Element Analysis.","authors":"Rolf Zeisler","doi":"10.6028/jres.091.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.091.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93321,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research of the National Bureau of Standards (1977)","volume":"91 2","pages":"45-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6658439/pdf/jres-91-045.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39272974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Sampling and Analysis of Human Livers. 人类肝脏的采样和分析。
Journal of research of the National Bureau of Standards (1977) Pub Date : 1986-03-01 DOI: 10.6028/jres.091.013
Rolf Zeisler
{"title":"The Sampling and Analysis of Human Livers.","authors":"Rolf Zeisler","doi":"10.6028/jres.091.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.091.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A comprehensive approach to the analysis of human livers has been developed in a pilot program for a National Environmental Specimen Bank (NESB). Since 1980, the pilot NESB program has examined the collection, processing, storage and analysis of human livers. Sampling protocols, handling procedures and analytical methods have been developed and implemented considering the requirements for valid analytical results. Sampling and handling included the use of cleanroom technology, specific clean implements and packing materials made from titanium and Teflon and flash-freezing and preservation at liquid nitrogen temperature. Neutron activation analysis played a major role in the implemented analytical scheme. The scheme combined up to four analytical techniques to determine the distribution of 29 trace elements in 66 human livers.</p>","PeriodicalId":93321,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research of the National Bureau of Standards (1977)","volume":"91 2","pages":"75-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6687613/pdf/jres-91-075.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39272979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Ruggedness Testing-Part II: Recognizing Interactions. 坚固性测试-第二部分:识别交互。
Journal of research of the National Bureau of Standards (1977) Pub Date : 1986-01-01 DOI: 10.6028/jres.091.003
Robert C Paule, George Marinenko, Melissa Knoerdel, William F Koch
{"title":"Ruggedness Testing-Part II: Recognizing Interactions.","authors":"Robert C Paule,&nbsp;George Marinenko,&nbsp;Melissa Knoerdel,&nbsp;William F Koch","doi":"10.6028/jres.091.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.091.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper is a continuation of the preceding article which introduced the reader to the general concepts of ruggedness testing. The current paper describes the effects of interactions on the measurement process, and presents procedures for the separation of the main effects from the two-factor interactions. The general characteristics of interactions are described in some detail. A short-cut procedure is presented for the calculations. A number of examples of glass electrode measurements of pH of dilute acid solutions are used to illustrate ruggedness testing procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":93321,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research of the National Bureau of Standards (1977)","volume":"91 1","pages":"9-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6687611/pdf/jres-91-009.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39272004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
An Interlaboratory Test of pH Measurements in Rainwater. 雨水pH值测量的实验室间试验。
Journal of research of the National Bureau of Standards (1977) Pub Date : 1986-01-01 DOI: 10.6028/jres.091.005
William F Koch, George Marinenko, Robert C Paule
{"title":"An Interlaboratory Test of pH Measurements in Rainwater.","authors":"William F Koch,&nbsp;George Marinenko,&nbsp;Robert C Paule","doi":"10.6028/jres.091.005","DOIUrl":"10.6028/jres.091.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An interlaboratory test of pH measurements in rainwater has been conducted. Various types of electrodes and junction materials were used in this test. The results of this exercise verify that there are significant differences in the pH values of low ionic strength solutions reported by various laboratories. Other work suggests that these differences are due to residual liquid junction potentials. Furthermore, this test confirms the efficacy of using dilute solutions of a strong acid as working standards for pH measurements in acid deposition studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":93321,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research of the National Bureau of Standards (1977)","volume":"91 1","pages":"23-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6664204/pdf/jres-91-023.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39272972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 14
SPECIAL ISSUE ON PH MEASUREMENTS IN RAINWATER - FOREWORD. 雨水ph值测量专题-前言。
Journal of research of the National Bureau of Standards (1977) Pub Date : 1986-01-01 DOI: 10.6028/jres.091.001
Harry S Hertz, Stanley D Rasberry
{"title":"SPECIAL ISSUE ON PH MEASUREMENTS IN RAINWATER - FOREWORD.","authors":"Harry S Hertz,&nbsp;Stanley D Rasberry","doi":"10.6028/jres.091.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.091.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93321,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research of the National Bureau of Standards (1977)","volume":"91 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6664205/pdf/jres-91-001.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39272002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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