Journal of ecohydraulics最新文献

{"title":"The effect of water depth on passage success of arctic grayling through two Denil fishways","authors":"Matt Blank, K. Kappenman, Erin Ryan, Katharine M. Banner","doi":"10.1080/24705357.2021.1978346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24705357.2021.1978346","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Arctic grayling (Thymallus arcticus) are found throughout parts of North America, Europe and Asia. Denil fishways are being used in efforts to recover populations and provide passage for grayling through water diversions in Montana and elsewhere. This study evaluated how water depths in 1.83 m and 3.66 m Denil fishways affect upstream passage for grayling. The study was performed in a laboratory at the Bozeman Fish Technology Center (BFTC) in Bozeman, MT. Fifteen passage trials of different treatment combinations of approach depth and sill depth were performed in each ladder. A total of 310 grayling, in groups of 10 per trial, were allowed to volitionally attempt to swim upstream through each ladder. For the 1.83 m Denil, 81 of 137 participants successfully ascended resulting in an overall passage of 59.1% among all trials compared to 82 of 147 participants successfully ascending the longer structure for an overall passage of 55.8%. A quasi-binomial regression model was used to predict passage success for different combinations of approach and sill depths. Our study showed upstream passage success increased with deeper water depths at the sill for both ladders with the exception of the configuration with the shallowest approach depth and deepest water depth at the sill.","PeriodicalId":93201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ecohydraulics","volume":"16 1","pages":"158 - 170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77732750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydraulics and design of fishways II: vertical-slot and rock-weir fishways","authors":"A. Baki, A. Azimi","doi":"10.1080/24705357.2021.1981780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24705357.2021.1981780","url":null,"abstract":"The pool-type fishway, such as pool-weir, vertical-slot, and rock-weir fishways, is one of the most common fishways that presented the highest efficiency for all fish species. Understanding the flo...","PeriodicalId":93201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ecohydraulics","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73229662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of backwatering a streamgage weir on the passage performance of adult American Shad (Alosa sapidissima)","authors":"Kevin B. Mulligan, A. Haro, J. Noreika","doi":"10.1080/24705357.2021.1945500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24705357.2021.1945500","url":null,"abstract":"Streamgage designs often include a full-width artificial hydraulic control (e.g., concrete weir) to aid in the computation of streamflow. While important to water resource managers, these weirs als...","PeriodicalId":93201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ecohydraulics","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86707186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding fish-hydrodynamic interactions within Cylindrical Bristle Cluster arrays to improve passage over sloped weirs","authors":"Daniella Montali-Ashworth, A. Vowles, G. M. D. Almeida, P. Kemp","doi":"10.1080/24705357.2021.1938259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24705357.2021.1938259","url":null,"abstract":"Anthropogenic infrastructure in rivers (e.g. culverts, dams and weirs) can block the movements of fish and negatively impact their communities. Recent research has shown that fish passage at such b...","PeriodicalId":93201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ecohydraulics","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91244100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydraulic drivers of populations, communities and ecosystem processes","authors":"A. Packman, C. Robinson, N. Lamouroux","doi":"10.1080/24705357.2021.1951506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24705357.2021.1951506","url":null,"abstract":"The combination of climate change and increasing development of land and water resources is imposing pressure on aquatic ecosystems worldwide (Poff et al. 2007; Blann et al. 2009; Arthington et al. 2010; Best 2019; Boretti and Rosa 2019; Reid et al. 2019). Many drivers of fluvial processes are changing today, and many of these changes are expected to accelerate in the near future. Spatial patterns and timing of precipitation are changing globally, thereby shifting water inputs into freshwater systems and potentially producing more floods and droughts via intensification of the hydrological cycle, increasing frequency of extreme events, and increasing duration of dry seasons (Davis et al. 2015; Madakumbura et al. 2019; Koutsoyiannis 2020). Under increasing pressure from water insecurity, both governmental agencies and private landowners are increasing the abstraction of sourcewaters for human use, thereby moving and storing greater amounts of water throughout fluvial systems (Jaramillo and Destouni 2015; Rodell et al. 2018; Best 2019; Boretti and Rosa 2019). Beyond the well-established effects of dams fragmenting river ecosystems, increased damming of headwaters and large-scale water diversions affect downstream river ecosystems by dewatering rivers, shifting patterns of sediment deposition and aggradation, and reducing habitat heterogeneity (Veldkamp et al. 2017; Sabater et al. 2018; Best 2019). Ongoing land development and industrial agricultural practices are also accelerating soil erosion and export of nutrients from the terrestrial landscape to the aquatic environment (Blann et al. 2009; Seitzinger et al. 2010; Borrelli et al. 2017). Globally, the cumulative effects of these changes are altering continental balances of water (increasing evaporation from the continents to the atmosphere) (Jaramillo and Destouni 2015; Rodell et al. 2018; Zhan et al. 2019), eroding and exporting large amounts of soils and sediments (Borrelli et al. 2017; Best 2019), and greatly increasing the delivery of nutrients from the continents to the oceans (Seitzinger et al. 2010; Beusen et al. 2016; Sinha et al. 2017). Increased information on links between watershed management, river flow, river hydraulics and habitats, and ecosystems is needed to ensure the sustainability of water resources and maintain the integrity of aquatic ecosystems. The knowledge needed to effectively protect and restore river ecosystems has proven difficult to obtain and translate into practice for river management and hydraulic engineering. While many fluvial processes have been studied individually, it is extremely difficult to predict the long-term consequences of simultaneous changes in climate, land use, and river management on aquatic ecosystems. Consequently, there is considerable uncertainty in the long-term outcomes of key processes that structure river ecosystems, such as changing river flow conditions; inputs of sediments, nutrients, and terrestrial organic matter; and the spatiotem","PeriodicalId":93201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ecohydraulics","volume":"57 1","pages":"91 - 94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89822307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of microhabitats, mesohabitats and spatial position on macroinvertebrate communities of a braided river","authors":"G. Burgazzi, P. Vezza, G. Negro, Luca Astegiano, Riccardo Pellicanó, Beatrice Pinna, P. Viaroli, A. Laini","doi":"10.1080/24705357.2021.1938254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24705357.2021.1938254","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Habitat modelling aims to predict changes in the structure of aquatic communities as a function of habitat availability. It is a primary tool to inform management actions and to search for the best compromise between biodiversity conservation and water supply. The construction of these models requires in-depth knowledge about the main hydrological and geomorphological drivers that affect local communities. However, these drivers act at different spatial scales and determining which investigation scale is the best trade-off between model accuracy and model transferability is crucial. The present work aims to evaluate the mesoscale for habitat modelling of aquatic macroinvertebrates, by testing the effect of microhabitat (flow velocity, water depth, substrate), mesohabitat (riffles, glides, backwaters, isolated ponds) and spatial position (coordinates and derived spatial variables) on macroinvertebrate community variability. Multivariate spatial analyses were used to analyse the macroinvertebrate data collected in a braided reach of the Trebbia River (N Italy). Mesohabitat was a good predictor of macroinvertebrate community composition, although both microhabitat and space also showed a significant effect. The outcome of this work highlights the transferability of the results across mesohabitats, which supports the use of mesoscale modelling for macroinvertebrate distribution in braided rivers.","PeriodicalId":93201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ecohydraulics","volume":"108 1","pages":"95 - 104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77059084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An integral approach to simulate three-dimensional flow in and around a ventilated U-shaped chironomid dwelled burrow","authors":"Vahid Sobhi Gollo, Tabea Broecker, J. Lewandowski, G. Nützmann, R. Hinkelmann","doi":"10.1080/24705357.2021.1938258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24705357.2021.1938258","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Tube dwelling of chironomids often dominates benthic communities in freshwater ecosystems with high population density and pumping rates. This strongly enhances exchange across the sediment-water interface and impacts biogeochemical processes. Such processes are investigated by tracking the flow initiated by chironomid’s pumping through and around burrows using laboratory and computer models. We used modeling and experimental results of other authors considering U-shaped burrows embedded in the sediment to improve process-understanding and prove the plausibility of an integral modeling approach. In contrast to coupled models of pipe (burrow), surface water (overlying water column) and groundwater flow (surrounding sediment), we present a novel high-resolution integral formulation for the porous medium-surface water domain (called porousInter as part of OpenFOAM (Open Field Operation and Manipulation)). This approach solves the extended version of the Navier-Stokes equations allowing simultaneous flow simulation in the burrow, the overlying water column and the surrounding sediment to better account for feedback effects between the sediment and surface water. Using similar model setup as of a coupled approach, we performed scenarios of flow through burrow and sediment triggered by pumping in the center of the burrow. Plausible agreement of our integral model with results of a coupled model and experimental results was obtained when comparing flow patterns around the burrows, between two burrow branches and at burrow inlet and outlet.","PeriodicalId":93201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ecohydraulics","volume":"12 1","pages":"133 - 143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87470866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wake length of an artificial seagrass meadow: a study of shelter and its feasibility for restoration","authors":"R. Villanueva, Moritz Thom, J. Visscher, M. Paul, T. Schlurmann","doi":"10.1080/24705357.2021.1938256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24705357.2021.1938256","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Seagrasses are essential marine ecosystems for which restoration has proven challenging due to increased hydrodynamic stress. This study aims to analyze the flow alteration induced by an artificial seagrass (ASG) meadow by characterizing its wake effect through a shelter distance and thus yield guidance for seagrass restoration projects. Here, we define shelter distance as the longitudinal extent behind a meadow, with respect to the flow direction, where seagrass is protected and can hence grow successfully. Flume experiments were conducted for submerged meadows with three different lengths at constant canopy height, shoot density and water depth, and three different cross-section-averaged longitudinal flow velocities measured with state-of-the-art Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). For the tested meadow morphology and hydrodynamic conditions, meadow length played a less important role regarding shelter distance, while incident flow velocity and effective canopy height governed the wake effect. Incident velocities <30 cm s−1 prompted shelter distances >2 m behind the meadow, whereas higher velocities led to a reduced shelter distance ranging from 20-40 cm. ASG additionally produced an upwelling effect on the vertical distribution of the velocity profile observed along the wake, regardless of meadow length and incident velocity. Our results suggest that restoration projects should aim for areas of low flow, where currents induced by tidal or wind waves are less pronounced in order to activate larger shelter distances.","PeriodicalId":93201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ecohydraulics","volume":"24 1","pages":"77 - 91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85228640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erosion protection by winter state of salt marsh vegetation","authors":"M. Paul, N. Kerpen","doi":"10.1080/24705357.2021.1938252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24705357.2021.1938252","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The inclusion of coastal ecosystems in coastal protection strategies is highly desired, but for temperate regions it is hampered by uncertainty about the provision of relevant ecosystem services over the annual growth cycle. This flume study compared winter stages of the two salt marsh species Spartina anglica and Elymus athericus with and without above ground biomass to bare soil to assess their protection service against vertical bed erosion in the surf and swash zone. Results yielded no effect of the above ground biomass on mean erosion, even though the species responded differently with E. athericus buckling and S. anglica withstanding the hydrodynamic forcing. Equally, no significant differences were observed between species which is attributed to the comparable dry root biomass and soil bulk density of the used vegetated patches. While this similarity does not allow for establishment of quantitative relationships, the results suggest a species independent erosion protection efficiency persisting throughout the year. This has the potential to simplify the consideration of erosion protection by salt marsh in coastal protection strategies, as it alleviates the need for detailed differentiation on species or seasonal level of this ecosystem service.","PeriodicalId":93201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ecohydraulics","volume":"144 1","pages":"144 - 153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89341669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flow field and wake structure characteristics imposed by single seagrass blade surrogates","authors":"M. Taphorn, Raúl Villanueva, Maike Paul, Jan Visscher, Torsten Schlurmann","doi":"10.1080/24705357.2021.1938253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24705357.2021.1938253","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Seagrass surrogates are commonly used to mimic the behaviour of seagrasses exposed to currents and their effects on flow fields. The interaction is highly dependent on the chosen mechanic and geometric properties of the surrogates and needs to be understood in order to design artificial meadows. The interaction of single surrogates in unidirectional flow fields is studied by means of physical modelling. Surrogates made of plastic materials with different flexural rigidities, buoyancies and geometries are exposed to varying flow velocities. The instantaneous velocity fields in the vicinity and wake of the surrogates are measured by stereoscopic Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). All employed surrogates disrupt and interact with the flow field by changing their posture. An empirical relation is derived between the flexural rigidity, buoyancy and characteristic diameter of the surrogates and the imposed differences in the attenuation ratio of flow velocities. Further, the approaching flow velocity and distance behind the surrogate influence the estimated attenuation. The vortex shedding frequency imposed by artificial seagrass is lower than frequencies determined for infinite, rigid cylindrical structures. Three main characterizing properties: the modulus of elasticity, buoyancy and cross-sectional dimensions need to be taken into account for design of artificial seagrass meadows. Our findings advance knowledge of fluid-structure interactions of flexible materials and help to progress proper design of artificial seagrass meadows.","PeriodicalId":93201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ecohydraulics","volume":"24 1","pages":"58 - 70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91350686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}