P. E. S. Bandzouzi, G. Mpandzou, J. Diatewa, Raissa Mayanda, Patience Moudeko M’Foutou, Dina Happia Motoula-Latou, Charles Godefroy Koubemba, P. Ossou-Nguiet, D. Moukassa
{"title":"Lipid Profile in HIV Patients with Stroke at Loandjili General Hospital in Pointe-Noire (Congo)","authors":"P. E. S. Bandzouzi, G. Mpandzou, J. Diatewa, Raissa Mayanda, Patience Moudeko M’Foutou, Dina Happia Motoula-Latou, Charles Godefroy Koubemba, P. Ossou-Nguiet, D. Moukassa","doi":"10.11648/J.CNN.20210504.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.CNN.20210504.14","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The objective of our study was to determine the lipid profile of HIV patients who have had a stroke at Loandjili General Hospital in Pointe-Noire. Methodology: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study based on a hospital series of 100 patients from January 1 to July 31, 2019 in the Neurology Department of Loandjili General Hospital in Pointe-Noire. The study population consisted of patients living with HIV who had a stroke confirmed by brain scan. The biological investigation consisted of looking for variations in serum levels of the following biological parameters: CT, LDL, HDL, TG. The database was made from the 2010 version of Microsoft Excel. Results: We included 100 patients living with HIV (PLHIV), 56% of whom were women with a sex ration of 0.78. The risk factors were found: hypertension 83%, diabetes 10% and tobacco 2%. The mean age was 56.92±11.21. The mean value of the lipid profile of the study population was: Total cholesterol 1.9±0.54, HDL-cholesterol 0.47±0.29, LDL-cholesterol 1.19±0.48 and Triglycerides 0.99±0.42. Conclusion: The lipid profile of HIV patients who have had a stroke remains very disturbed with an increase in the atherogenic risk.","PeriodicalId":93199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical neurology and neuroscience","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85083123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yilin Liu, Shujun Li, Xiao Ma, Q. Long, Lei Yu, Yatang Chen, Wenzhi Wu, Z. Guo, Z. Teng, Yong Zeng
{"title":"The NRF1/miR-4514/SOCS3 Pathway Is Associated with Schizophrenia Pathogenesis","authors":"Yilin Liu, Shujun Li, Xiao Ma, Q. Long, Lei Yu, Yatang Chen, Wenzhi Wu, Z. Guo, Z. Teng, Yong Zeng","doi":"10.11648/J.CNN.20210504.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.CNN.20210504.13","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Schizophrenia (SZ) is a common and severe mental disease. However, its etiology and pathogenesis have not been fully established. In this study, bioinformatics was used to identify SZ-related genes and reveal the potential mechanisms of them. Methods: Gene expression profiles were obtained from the GSE46509 dataset. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed by Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment databases. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established. TargetScan and miRGen, which are based on bioinformatics algorithms, were used to predict potential candidate target miRNAs and transcription factors. Results: Compared to healthy people controls, a total of 1422 DEGs were identified in SZ patient samples. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that these DEGs were significantly enriched in RNA processing, mRNA binding, and cell adhesion molecules. In addition, in the PPI network, SOCS3, FBXO9, ASB17, FBXO10, and ASB4 were identified as hub genes. In the predicted TF-miRNA-mRNA targeting regulatory network, hsa-miR-4514 was up-regulated by the highly expressed transcription factor (TF) NRF1, which down-regulated multiple hubs genes such as SOCS3, FBXO9, and FBXO10. Conclusions: Several potential biomarkers involved in SZ development were identified by bioinformatics analyses. Furthermore, our findings revealed the underpinning mechanisms of these potential biomarkers in the pathogenesis of SZ. And these results suggest a potential application value in clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":93199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical neurology and neuroscience","volume":"121 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89238095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Emotional Effects Stimulated by Sad and Fearful Music: A Comparative Study Based on ERP and Behavioural Experiment","authors":"Xin Wang, Feiqun Shu","doi":"10.11648/J.CNN.20210504.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.CNN.20210504.15","url":null,"abstract":"In recent two decades, human brain’s response to the emotions of music has become a focus in both neuroscience and applied musicology. Rapid development in brain scanning such as ERP technique provides facilities to explore this fascinating field. How people respond to music emotionally has become a new area of study. This study is one of such explorations and aims to probe into the physical and mental effects of music with negative emotions on humans. Event-related potential (ERP) and behavioural experiment were conducted with 81 participants (20 to 28 years old) with ANOVA / t-test as the analytical tool to compare the effects of two kinds of negative emotional music, i.e., sad music and fearful music. The results showed that the participants had different neural mechanisms, willingness to listen, feelings and music preferences regarding the two types of music with negative emotions. Although fear and sadness are both negative music emotions, the emotional effects on the participants were significantly different based on brain processing. The participants did not reject sad music, but less than 5% of the participants were able to accept fearful music. There were also significant differences in the speed and intensity of the electroencephalography (EEG) responses as well as emotional stability when the participants processed these two music emotions. In sum, this study suggests that close attention people should be paid to the perception of negative emotional music to design music activities that contribute to a positive aesthetic perception.","PeriodicalId":93199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical neurology and neuroscience","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82546991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PC Mbonda, Grâce Nkoro, Daniel Massi Gams, Y. Fogang, C. Kuate
{"title":"Axonal Polyneuropathy as Initial Presentation of Lupus in a 15-year-old Male Teenager “Case Report”","authors":"PC Mbonda, Grâce Nkoro, Daniel Massi Gams, Y. Fogang, C. Kuate","doi":"10.11648/J.CNN.20210504.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.CNN.20210504.12","url":null,"abstract":"Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune systemic disease, of the connectivitis group. This condition particularly affects young women between the ages of 20 and 40. Several systems are affected during the disease including the nervous system where central damage is more described than peripheral damage. We report here the case of a 15 year old male teenager with systemic lupus erythematosus whose initial clinical manifestation was acute inflammatory axonal polyneuropathy. This diagnosis was made on the basis of allodynia predominantly in gloves and socks with clinical examination of bilateral peripheral neurogenic syndrome predominant in both lower limbs all associated with fever. The electroneuromyogram showed signs of sensory and motor impairment (more marked in sensory) of the axonal type in both lower limbs, compatible with polyneuropathy. The patient developed several skin lesions such as erythematous and scaly patches on the extremities, and purpuric macules of the palms of hands. All the antibodies tested in the blood came back positive and the skin biopsy described a proliferation of vascular capillaries with a fibrous and myxoid wall, dissociated by inflammatory cells, suggesting inflammatory involvement. Under treatment with hydroxychloroquine and corticosteroids, the patient presented a marked improvement in the general condition as well as on the functional level with regression of sensory and motor disorders.","PeriodicalId":93199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical neurology and neuroscience","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90710222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Roux, Imène Djidjeli, Julien Nicolau, J. Darcourt, F. L. Lann, J. Démonet
{"title":"Pure Agraphia Associated with a Frontal Meningioma on Left Superior Frontal Gyrus","authors":"F. Roux, Imène Djidjeli, Julien Nicolau, J. Darcourt, F. L. Lann, J. Démonet","doi":"10.11648/J.CNN.20210504.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.CNN.20210504.11","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The existence of cerebral area specifically involved in coding for writing movements in the left middle frontal gyrus is a matter of debate. We present a rare case of pure agraphia associated with a left frontal meningioma. The location of the lesion associated with this disorder could help to feed this debate. Method: We report a case of pure agraphia in a 69-year-old man. The patient had a writing disorder evolving over several months with a dominant, left frontal lesion. On neuropsychological evaluation, the writing difficulties were present whatever the nature of the writing (spontaneous, dictation, coping). The writing disorder was isolated, with no features of aphasia, alexia or limb apraxia. Phonological and lexical processing was preserved. The imaging showed a probable frontal meningioma restricted to the foot of the first and second left frontal circumvolutions (MNI coordinates /barycenter of the lesion: x=-19.8, y=1.5, z=52.2). Results: The patient was operated and the whole lesion was removed. After surgical resection, the patient’s writing disorder improved. Other components of language assessed were the same as before the surgery and showed no disturbances. The pathological study concluded on an OMS grade II atypical meningioma. Conclusion: We think that the disorder presented by our patient was related to the disturbance of the frontal graphemic center located in the Exner area. Here, we describe and analyze his condition through a neuro-anatomical and a cognitive approach.","PeriodicalId":93199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical neurology and neuroscience","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86632672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tareq Esteak, M. Rashid, Md. Ashrafuzzaman Khan, M. N. Uddin, M. Hasan, P. K. Sarkar
{"title":"Sporadic Creutzfeldt - Jakob Disease: Case Report from a Neuroscience Institute in Bangladesh","authors":"Tareq Esteak, M. Rashid, Md. Ashrafuzzaman Khan, M. N. Uddin, M. Hasan, P. K. Sarkar","doi":"10.11648/J.CNN.20210503.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.CNN.20210503.16","url":null,"abstract":"Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder characterized by rapidly progressive dementia and myoclonus. Additional clinical features include visual disturbances, cerebellar, and pyramidal/extrapyramidal signs. The rarity of this disease and the wide variety of initial symptoms make the early diagnosis quite challenging. Nevertheless, it can also be diagnosed in a centre with limited resources through good clinical analysis. Here a case of a 53-year-old man is presented who had a 6 weeks history of cognitive deterioration and myoclonus. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed ribbon-like areas of hyperintensity in the bilateral cortex on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI); bilateral hyperintense caudate nucleus and putamen on T2-weighted and Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images. Electroencephalogram (EEG) showed intermittent generalized periodic sharp waves of triphasic morphology. The diagnosis of probable sCJD was reached based on the clinical features and characteristic findings in his MRI and EEG according to WHO criteria. Several other works of the literature were also reviewed for early diagnosis of sCJD and for the exclusion of other differential diagnoses which may mimic sCJD.","PeriodicalId":93199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical neurology and neuroscience","volume":"118 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76005191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis in a 40-year-old Lady with JAK2-positive Polycythemia Vera: A Case Report","authors":"Maliha Hakim, M. N. Uddin, F. Ahmed, M. Hasan","doi":"10.11648/J.CNN.20210503.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.CNN.20210503.15","url":null,"abstract":"Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) has a range of underlying cause. Here a case of CVST with an uncommon etiology is presented and discussed. A 40-year-old female presented with headache for 2 years and progressive visual loss for 4 months. She had conjunctival congestion and bilateral papilloedema with pale disc on right side. Computed tomography (CT) scans and contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain were normal but venography (MRV) revealed widespread thrombosis of dural sinuses including superior sagittal sinus. Cerebrospianal fluid (CSF) pressure was high (360 mm of H2O) while other CSF parameters were normal. She was polycythemic (hemoglobin 18.1 g/dl, hematocrit 60.2%), Bone marrow study revealed pan-myeloid hyperplasia whereas trephine biopsy revealed hypercellular marrow with trilineage expansion suggestive of myeloproliferative disorder possibly polycythemia vera. JAK-2 mutation was also detected. CVST has different patterns of presentations including isolated intracranial hypertension leading to visual loss. It is essential to identify and treat underlying condition like polycythemia vera.","PeriodicalId":93199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical neurology and neuroscience","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85777042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zahrah Aleissa, M. Alhazzaa, A. Almuqarrab, Laila Abukhamsin, Eman Alomran
{"title":"Bilateral Vocal Cord Paralysis Following Anterior Circulation Ischemic Strokes, Clinical and Anatomical Considerations","authors":"Zahrah Aleissa, M. Alhazzaa, A. Almuqarrab, Laila Abukhamsin, Eman Alomran","doi":"10.52588/clinical-neurology-neuroscience.2.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52588/clinical-neurology-neuroscience.2.14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical neurology and neuroscience","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86558409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Kombaté, Sirui Zhou, Panabalo Waklatsi, David Ksc Ahanogbe, K. Assogba, Emile K Amouzou, A. Balogou, G. Rouleau
{"title":"MTHFRC677T Polymorphism and Hyperhomocysteinemia in Ischemic Stroke Patients","authors":"D. Kombaté, Sirui Zhou, Panabalo Waklatsi, David Ksc Ahanogbe, K. Assogba, Emile K Amouzou, A. Balogou, G. Rouleau","doi":"10.11648/J.CNN.20210503.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.CNN.20210503.14","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Homocysteine is an intermediate sulfur amino acid of methionine metabolism. Hyperhomocysteinemia, characterized by increased level of homocysteine, is an independent and modifiable vascular risk factor which metabolic pathway involves vitamins B6, folate and vitamin B12. Objective: We compared the prevalence of MTHFRC677T polymorphism, homocysteine folate and vitamin B12 in ischemic stroke patient’s subgroups. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analytical study. The study included 128 consecutive ischemic stroke patients associated with hyperhomocysteinemia. The MTHFRC677T polymorphism was investigated by TaqMan probes (thermos Fisher Scientific) combined with polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We compared the prevalence of MTHFRC677T polymorphism and homocysteine level in ischemic stroke patient’s subgroups. We adjusted the variable homocysteine level to the covariates, MTHFR polymorphism, folate and vitamin B12 with ANCOVA. Results: The sex ratio (men/women) was 1.5 with an average age of 60 years. The prevalence of MTHFRC677T polymorphism was 19.5% with 18% CT and 1.5% TT. Homocysteine level was 29.89 µmol/l in wildtype patients, 26.54 µmol/l in patients with CT genotype, and 56.17 µmol/l in patients with TT genotype (t=2.04, p=0.033, CI 95% [0.017; 0.407]). The MTHFR polymorphism prevalence, homocysteine, folate and vitamin B12 level did not differ between large brain infarction and multiple small brain infarction patients respectively (chi square: Qobs=0.05, p=0.94, 95% CI; ttest: t=0.716, df=126, p=0.475, 95% CI). Conclusion: The MTHFRT677T genotype increases homocysteine level. MTHFR polymorphism and homocysteine did not influence the subtypes of brain ischemic stroke.","PeriodicalId":93199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical neurology and neuroscience","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81408804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Kulkarni, G. Birua, Dhaval Gohil, Manish Beniwal, Dwarakanath Srinivas, Shilpa Rao
{"title":"A Rare Case of Multifocal Intracranial Gangliogliomas: Mimicking Tuberculomas","authors":"A. Kulkarni, G. Birua, Dhaval Gohil, Manish Beniwal, Dwarakanath Srinivas, Shilpa Rao","doi":"10.11648/J.CNN.20210503.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.CNN.20210503.13","url":null,"abstract":"Gangliogliomas (GGs) are rare tumors of the central nervous system occurring in the young population (8.5-25 years). GGs are one of the most common cause of epilepsy associated with CNS tumors and significant proportion of them is refractory to antiepileptic medications. Multifocal gangliogliomas are very rare and only few handful cases are reported. A rare case of multiple spinal ganglioglioma has also been reported in the literature. We present a case of an adolescent girl who presented with multiple episodes of seizures. She was initially evaluated and diagnosed with multiple tuberculomas. She was managed with antiepileptics and antitubercular medications. Her seizure frequency had decreased; but despite prolonged and complete course of anti-tubercular treatment, the lesions were not subsiding in size. Antitubercular medications were restarted and subsequent scan showed progression in the size of the lesions; and hence biopsy was done from the largest lesion. Histopathology was suggestive of GG. Ganglioglioma can be multifocal and can mimic other lesions like tuberculosis, radiologically. Surgical excision of the lesion provides the best treatment option. It is still under consideration whether to remove all of the lesions or only ones with considerable size. She had another episode of seizure and is now planned for surgical excision of the other lesion.","PeriodicalId":93199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical neurology and neuroscience","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83381917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}