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On the Vector Representation of Characteristic Functions 关于特征函数的向量表示

Stats Pub Date : 2023-10-10 DOI: 10.3390/stats6040067

Wolf-Dieter Richter

引用次数: 0

Newcomb–Benford’s Law in Neuromuscular Transmission: Validation in Hyperkalemic Conditions 神经肌肉传递中的Newcomb-Benford定律:在高钾血症条件下的验证

Stats Pub Date : 2023-10-09 DOI: 10.3390/stats6040066

Adriano Silva, Sergio Floquet, Ricardo Lima

{"title":"Newcomb–Benford’s Law in Neuromuscular Transmission: Validation in Hyperkalemic Conditions","authors":"Adriano Silva, Sergio Floquet, Ricardo Lima","doi":"10.3390/stats6040066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/stats6040066","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, we demonstrated the validity of the anomalous numbers law, known as Newcomb–Benford’s law, in mammalian neuromuscular transmission, considering different extracellular calcium. The present work continues to examine how changes in extracellular physiological artificial solution can modulate the first digit law in the context of spontaneous acetylcholine release at the neuromuscular junction. Using intracellular measurements, we investigated if the intervals of miniature potentials collected at the neuromuscular junction obey the law in a hyperkalemic environment. When bathed in standard Ringer’s solution, the experiments provided 22,582 intervals extracted from 14 recordings. On the other hand, 690,385 intervals were obtained from 12 experiments in a modified Ringer’s solution containing a high potassium concentration. The analysis showed that the intervals, harvested from recordings at high potassium, satisfactorily obeyed Newcomb–Benford’s law. Furthermore, our data allowed us to uncover a conformity fluctuation as a function of the number of intervals of the miniature potentials. Finally, we discuss the biophysical implications of the present findings.","PeriodicalId":93142,"journal":{"name":"Stats","volume":"2015 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135094154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Computationally Efficient Poisson Time-Varying Autoregressive Models through Bayesian Lattice Filters 基于贝叶斯格滤波器的计算高效泊松时变自回归模型

Stats Pub Date : 2023-10-09 DOI: 10.3390/stats6040065

Yuelei Sui, Scott H. Holan, Wen-Hsi Yang

引用次数: 0

Effective Sample Size with the Bivariate Gaussian Common Component Model 二元高斯共分量模型的有效样本量

Stats Pub Date : 2023-10-08 DOI: 10.3390/stats6040064

Letícia Ellen Dal Canton, Luciana Pagliosa Carvalho Guedes, Miguel Angel Uribe-Opazo, Tamara Cantu Maltauro

{"title":"Effective Sample Size with the Bivariate Gaussian Common Component Model","authors":"Letícia Ellen Dal Canton, Luciana Pagliosa Carvalho Guedes, Miguel Angel Uribe-Opazo, Tamara Cantu Maltauro","doi":"10.3390/stats6040064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/stats6040064","url":null,"abstract":"Effective sample size (ESS) consists of an equivalent number of sampling units of a georeferenced variable that would produce the same sampling error, as it considers the information that each georeferenced sampling unit contains about itself as well as in relation to its neighboring sampling units. This measure can provide useful information in the planning of future georeferenced sampling for spatial variability experiments. The objective of this article was to develop a bivariate methodology for ESS (ESSbi), considering the bivariate Gaussian common component model (BGCCM), which accounts both for the spatial correlation between the two variables and for the individual spatial association. All properties affecting the univariate methodology were verified for ESSbi using simulation studies or algebraic methods, including scenarios to verify the impact of the BGCCM common range parameter on the estimated ESSbi values. ESSbi was applied to real organic matter (OM) and sum of bases (SB) data from an agricultural area. The study found that 60% of the sample observations of the OM–SB pair contained spatially redundant information. The reduced sample configuration proved efficient by preserving spatial variability when comparing the original and reduced OM maps, using SB as a covariate. The Tau concordance index confirmed moderate accuracy between the maps.","PeriodicalId":93142,"journal":{"name":"Stats","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135251306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Shared Frailty Model for Left-Truncated and Right-Censored Under-Five Child Mortality Data in South Africa 南非五岁以下儿童死亡率数据左截右删的共享脆弱性模型

Stats Pub Date : 2023-10-06 DOI: 10.3390/stats6040063

Tshilidzi Mulaudzi, Yehenew Kifle, Roel Braekers

{"title":"A Shared Frailty Model for Left-Truncated and Right-Censored Under-Five Child Mortality Data in South Africa","authors":"Tshilidzi Mulaudzi, Yehenew Kifle, Roel Braekers","doi":"10.3390/stats6040063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/stats6040063","url":null,"abstract":"Many African nations continue to grapple with persistently high under-five child mortality rates, particularly those situated in the Sub-Saharan region, including South Africa. A multitude of socio-economic factors are identified as key contributors to the elevated under-five child mortality in numerous African nations. This research endeavors to investigate various factors believed to be associated with child mortality by employing advanced statistical models. This study utilizes child-level survival data from South Africa, characterized by left truncation and right censoring, to fit a Cox proportional hazards model under the assumption of working independence. Additionally, a shared frailty model is applied, clustering children based on their mothers. Comparative analysis is performed between the results obtained from the shared frailty model and the Cox proportional hazards model under the assumption of working independence. Within the scope of this analysis, several factors stand out as significant contributors to under-five child mortality in the study area, including gender, birth province, birth year, birth order, and twin status. Notably, the shared frailty model demonstrates superior performance in modeling the dataset, as evidenced by a lower likelihood cross-validation score compared to the Cox proportional hazards model assuming independence. This improvement can be attributed to the shared frailty model’s ability to account for heterogeneity among mothers and the inherent association between siblings born to the same mother, ultimately enhancing the quality of the study’s conclusions.","PeriodicalId":93142,"journal":{"name":"Stats","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135351051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ensemble Algorithms to Improve COVID-19 Growth Curve Estimates 改进COVID-19增长曲线估计的集成算法

Stats Pub Date : 2023-09-29 DOI: 10.3390/stats6040062

Raydonal Ospina, Jaciele Oliveira, Cristiano Ferraz, André Leite, João Gondim

{"title":"Ensemble Algorithms to Improve COVID-19 Growth Curve Estimates","authors":"Raydonal Ospina, Jaciele Oliveira, Cristiano Ferraz, André Leite, João Gondim","doi":"10.3390/stats6040062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/stats6040062","url":null,"abstract":"In January 2020, the world was taken by surprise as a novel disease, COVID-19, emerged, attributed to the new SARS-CoV-2 virus. Initial cases were reported in China, and the virus rapidly disseminated globally, leading the World Health Organization (WHO) to declare it a pandemic on 11 March 2020. Given the novelty of this pathogen, limited information was available regarding its infection rate and symptoms. Consequently, the necessity of employing mathematical models to enable researchers to describe the progression of the epidemic and make accurate forecasts became evident. This study focuses on the analysis of several dynamic growth models, including the logistics, Gompertz, and Richards growth models, which are commonly employed to depict the spread of infectious diseases. These models are integrated to harness their predictive capabilities, utilizing an ensemble modeling approach. The resulting ensemble algorithm was trained using COVID-19 data from the Brazilian state of Paraíba. The proposed ensemble model approach effectively reduced forecasting errors, showcasing itself as a promising methodology for estimating COVID-19 growth curves, improving data forecasting accuracy, and providing rapid responses in the early stages of the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":93142,"journal":{"name":"Stats","volume":"2015 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135246022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Confounder Adjustment in Shape-on-Scalar Regression Model: Corpus Callosum Shape Alterations in Alzheimer’s Disease 形状-标量回归模型的混杂调整:阿尔茨海默病胼胝体形状改变

Stats Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.3390/stats6040061

Harshita Dogra, Shengxian Ding, Miyeon Yeon, Rongjie Liu, Chao Huang

{"title":"Confounder Adjustment in Shape-on-Scalar Regression Model: Corpus Callosum Shape Alterations in Alzheimer’s Disease","authors":"Harshita Dogra, Shengxian Ding, Miyeon Yeon, Rongjie Liu, Chao Huang","doi":"10.3390/stats6040061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/stats6040061","url":null,"abstract":"Large-scale imaging studies often face challenges stemming from heterogeneity arising from differences in geographic location, instrumental setups, image acquisition protocols, study design, and latent variables that remain undisclosed. While numerous regression models have been developed to elucidate the interplay between imaging responses and relevant covariates, limited attention has been devoted to cases where the imaging responses pertain to the domain of shape. This adds complexity to the problem of imaging heterogeneity, primarily due to the unique properties inherent to shape representations, including nonlinearity, high-dimensionality, and the intricacies of quotient space geometry. To tackle this intricate issue, we propose a novel approach: a shape-on-scalar regression model that incorporates confounder adjustment. In particular, we leverage the square root velocity function to extract elastic shape representations which are embedded within the linear Hilbert space of square integrable functions. Subsequently, we introduce a shape regression model aimed at characterizing the intricate relationship between elastic shapes and covariates of interest, all while effectively managing the challenges posed by imaging heterogeneity. We develop comprehensive procedures for estimating and making inferences about the unknown model parameters. Through real-data analysis, our method demonstrates its superiority in terms of estimation accuracy when compared to existing approaches.","PeriodicalId":93142,"journal":{"name":"Stats","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135425878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Terroir in View of Bibliometrics 文献计量学视角下的风土

Stats Pub Date : 2023-09-27 DOI: 10.3390/stats6040060

Christos Stefanis, Elpida Giorgi, Giorgios Tselemponis, Chrysa Voidarou, Ioannis Skoufos, Athina Tzora, Christina Tsigalou, Yiannis Kourkoutas, Theodoros C. Constantinidis, Eugenia Bezirtzoglou

{"title":"Terroir in View of Bibliometrics","authors":"Christos Stefanis, Elpida Giorgi, Giorgios Tselemponis, Chrysa Voidarou, Ioannis Skoufos, Athina Tzora, Christina Tsigalou, Yiannis Kourkoutas, Theodoros C. Constantinidis, Eugenia Bezirtzoglou","doi":"10.3390/stats6040060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/stats6040060","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to perform a bibliometric analysis of terroir and explore its conceptual horizons. Advancements in terroir research until 2022 were investigated using the Scopus database, R, and VOSviewer. Out of the 907 results, the most prevalent document types were articles (771) and reviews (70). The annual growth rate of published manuscripts in this field was 7.8%. The research on terroir encompassed a wide range of disciplines, with significant contributions from Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Social Sciences, Environmental Science, Biochemistry, Genetics, and Molecular Biology. Through keyword analysis, the study identified the most frequently occurring terms in titles, abstracts, and keywords fields, including ‘terroir’, ‘wine’, ‘soil’, ‘wines’, ‘grape’, ‘analysis’, ‘vineyard’, ‘composition’, and ‘climate’. A trend topic analysis revealed that research in terroir primarily focused on the geo-ecology and physiology of grapes. Furthermore, considerable attention was given to methods and techniques related to the physicochemical, sensory, and microbial characterization of terroir and various aspects of the wine industry. Initially, the research in this domain was focused on terroir, authenticity, grapevine, soils, soil moisture, and wine quality. However, over time, the research agenda expanded to include topics such as food analysis, viticulture, wine, taste, sustainability, and climate change. New research areas emerged, including phenolic compounds, anthocyanin, phenols, sensory analysis, and precision agriculture—all of which became integral components of the scientific studies on terroir. Overall, this study provided valuable insights into the historical trends and current developments in terroir research, contributing to our understanding of the frontiers in this field.","PeriodicalId":93142,"journal":{"name":"Stats","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135536911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

A Family of Finite Mixture Distributions for Modelling Dispersion in Count Data 一组有限混合分布用于模拟计数数据中的色散

Stats Pub Date : 2023-09-18 DOI: 10.3390/stats6030059

Seng Huat Ong, Shin Zhu Sim, Shuangzhe Liu, Hari M. Srivastava

引用次数: 0

A Detecting System for Abrupt Changes in Temporal Incidence Rate of COVID-19 and Other Pandemics 新型冠状病毒病及其他大流行发病时间突变检测系统

Stats Pub Date : 2023-09-18 DOI: 10.3390/stats6030058

Jiecheng Song, Guanchao Tong, Wei Zhu

引用次数: 0