Proceedings of the 17th International Web for All Conference最新文献

Supporting the design of data visualisation for the visually impaired through reinforcement learning 通过强化学习支持视障人士的数据可视化设计

Proceedings of the 17th International Web for All Conference Pub Date : 2020-04-20 DOI: 10.1145/3371300.3383354

Dalal Aljasem

{"title":"Supporting the design of data visualisation for the visually impaired through reinforcement learning","authors":"Dalal Aljasem","doi":"10.1145/3371300.3383354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3371300.3383354","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the research is to present a possible approach to help visually impaired people to make decisions while interacting with a data visualisation task. The main goal is to build a Machine Learning model (i.e. Reinforcement Learning) that can predict the visual behaviour of visually impaired people when they interact with a data visualisation. This work concerns partial vision, where the damage occurred in either the peripheral vision such as in the Tunnel vision (e.g. due to Glaucoma), or in the central vision (e.g. in age-related Macular Degeneration). Getting the desired results would help in designing accessible visualisation tasks which will assist the decision-making process for the relevant users. Initially, the model will be iteratively evaluated on existing visual search tasks from the literature; the tasks will consist of both visual impairment-and normal vision-related tasks. Once the model is tested, a new visualisation task that is suitable for the visually impaired will be designed and evaluated on human participants in order to help the cycle of design, development and testing, with the ultimate goal of supporting and transforming user experience for the visual impaired. The model will be iteratively refined using more advanced methods such as Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL). Furthermore, rational analysis framework will inform the building of the model, as it uses rationality as an empirical tool to explain how and why people adapt to their environment.","PeriodicalId":93137,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 17th International Web for All Conference","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85573530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A return to community: Flintstones or Jetsons? 回归社区:《摩登原始人》还是《杰森一家》?

Proceedings of the 17th International Web for All Conference Pub Date : 2020-04-20 DOI: 10.1145/3371300.3389789

Vivienne L. Conway

{"title":"A return to community: Flintstones or Jetsons?","authors":"Vivienne L. Conway","doi":"10.1145/3371300.3389789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3371300.3389789","url":null,"abstract":"The Conference theme is \"Automation for Accessibility\". What I want to look at today is the effect of automation on the lives of people living with disability. In this vein, as a member of the 'Baby Boomer' generation, I reflected on a couple of different cartoons from my youth - The Flintstones and The Jetsons. Both of these cartoons were created in the 1960's by Hanna-Barbera. There were some remarkable similarities, with episodes of each involving concepts such as transportation, home conveniences, work environment, and family life. I don't know if you noticed it or not, but neither of these cartoon shows ever had a person with a disability in the show. I know that is changing, and there is much debate about how that is done. It does show that our social conscience is becoming more attuned to the need for inclusion and diversity in all areas of life - work, homelife, sports and entertainment. While we certainly are not living as the Jetsons yet (still waiting for my jet-pack), we are not Flintstones either. We are developing yet more means of automating our lives, improving the lives of people with disabilities, and streamlining some of our work processes. However, I don't think anyone here would say we have arrived, and they probably won't ever say that - there is always more to be done. Perhaps we are ready for a new cartoon, showing an exciting view of what the future could hold, but including characters with a broad range of abilities.","PeriodicalId":93137,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 17th International Web for All Conference","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85810667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparing accessibility evaluation plug-ins 比较可访问性评估插件

Proceedings of the 17th International Web for All Conference Pub Date : 2020-04-20 DOI: 10.1145/3371300.3383346

Tânia Frazão, Carlos M. Duarte

引用次数: 16

Session details: Automation 会话详细信息:自动化

Proceedings of the 17th International Web for All Conference Pub Date : 2020-04-20 DOI: 10.1145/3395941

S. Harper

引用次数: 0

Analysis of automated contrast checking tools 分析自动对比检查工具

Proceedings of the 17th International Web for All Conference Pub Date : 2020-04-20 DOI: 10.1145/3371300.3383348

R. Almeida, Carlos M. Duarte

引用次数: 5

The case for 'health related impairments and disabilities' "与健康有关的损伤和残疾"的案例

Proceedings of the 17th International Web for All Conference Pub Date : 2020-04-20 DOI: 10.1145/3371300.3383335

S. Harper, Julia Müller, Alan Davies, Hugo Nicolau, Sukru Eraslan, Y. Yeşilada

{"title":"The case for 'health related impairments and disabilities'","authors":"S. Harper, Julia Müller, Alan Davies, Hugo Nicolau, Sukru Eraslan, Y. Yeşilada","doi":"10.1145/3371300.3383335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3371300.3383335","url":null,"abstract":"Health conditions, both chronic and acute, are often accompanied by disability-like impairments that might affect mobility, cognition, or perception. These impairments are often pernicious because they are difficult to isolate, vary in intensity and extent over time, and are under-investigated. Here, we make the case that solutions to these impairments are often impervious to traditional accessibility solutions and thinking, and that new solutions are needed. We present argumentation and case-studies, which build the case for a different category of impairments called 'Health-Related Impairments and Disabilities' (HIID). The distinction between traditionally defined disabilities and HIIDs are important because an understanding that this category of impairments is fundamentally different both in cause and nature, affects the effectiveness of the accessibility solutions we provide. Here, we intended to outline the 'problem'1 space and elaborate on the four main characteristics of HIIDs (as we see them) to provide delineation and clarity. This is the only way that robust solutions within this problem space can be enacted, being: (1) Combinatorial Impairments; (2) Dynamic Impairments varying in Magnitude and Extent; (3) Impairments as a Comorbidity; and (4) Socio-Technical. It is our intention to outline these characteristics with third-party cases to serve as exemplars of the problems faced. We do not provide research solutions, or indeed any novel empirical evidence. But rather, define a place for discussions to begin. Therefore, this work is better understood as a position paper or a call-to-action. Simply, we make the case that addressing the disability (caused by the underlying illness) is often ineffective; what we need to do is address the illness directly which will in turn address the disability through their transitory relationship.","PeriodicalId":93137,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 17th International Web for All Conference","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75202303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bias on the web and beyond: an accessibility point of view 偏见在网络和超越:可访问性的观点

Proceedings of the 17th International Web for All Conference Pub Date : 2020-04-20 DOI: 10.1145/3371300.3385335

R. Baeza-Yates

{"title":"Bias on the web and beyond: an accessibility point of view","authors":"R. Baeza-Yates","doi":"10.1145/3371300.3385335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3371300.3385335","url":null,"abstract":"The Web is the most powerful communication medium and the largest public data repository that humankind has created. Its content ranges from great reference sources such as Wikipedia to ugly fake news. Indeed, social (digital) media is just an amplifying mirror of ourselves, good or bad. Indeed, as all people has their own cultural and cognitive biases (e.g., confirmation bias, see Figure 1), web content as well as our web interactions are tainted with them. Data bias includes redundancy and spam, while interaction bias includes activity and presentation/exposure bias. In addition, sometimes algorithms add bias, particularly in the context of search and recommendation systems. As bias generates bias, we stress the importance of debiasing data as well as using the context and other techniques such as explore & exploit, to break filter bubbles. Our main goal is to make people aware of the different biases that affect all of us on the Web as well as stress that we should design inclusive content such that we help people with learning disabilities (e.g., dyslexia) or vision problems (e.g., daltonism), among others. This makes the Web more accessible for all people. Finally, we have to remark that awareness is the first step to be able to fight and reduce the vicious cycle of web bias. For more details see my article on this topic [1].","PeriodicalId":93137,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 17th International Web for All Conference","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90373148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Measuring complexity of e-government services for people with low vision 衡量为弱视人士提供的电子政务服务的复杂性

Proceedings of the 17th International Web for All Conference Pub Date : 2020-04-20 DOI: 10.1145/3371300.3383350

Aritz Sala, Myriam Arrue, J. Pérez, S. Espín-Tello

引用次数: 2

Session details: Web accessibility challenge 会话细节:Web可访问性挑战

Proceedings of the 17th International Web for All Conference Pub Date : 2020-04-20 DOI: 10.1145/3395937

Victoria Yaneva, D. Ahmetovic

引用次数: 0

Web accessibility testing for Singapore government e-services 新加坡政府电子服务的网页无障碍测试

Proceedings of the 17th International Web for All Conference Pub Date : 2020-04-20 DOI: 10.1145/3371300.3383353

Zui Young Lim, Jia Min Chua, Kaiting Yang, Wei Shin Tan, Yinn Chai

引用次数: 6