Journal of clinical research and reports最新文献

{"title":"Cadmium Toxicity: Insight into Sources, Toxicokinetics, and Effect on Vital Organs and Embryos","authors":"Sara Bashir Ali EL-Hengary","doi":"10.31579/2690-1919/319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-1919/319","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Elemental cadmium, cadmium oxide, sulfide, and chloride are resurrected to the atmosphere from both natural and anthropogenic sources. cadmium concentrations in the blood, urine and kidney cortex are substantially higher in smokers compared to never smokers. Absorbed cadmium accumulates primly in the renal cortex and liver. The pancreas, thyroid, gall-bladder and testes can also include comparatively high concentrations. Objectives: The current review aimed to highlight on the effect of cadmium chloride on vital organs and embryos. Absorption of cadmium from the lungs is a major source of exposure between smokers and the occupationally exposed. Cadmium accumulates with age even a maximum level is arrived at about age 50. Metallothionein has been identified in the liver, kidneys, duodenum, urine and blood of animals. It has been postulated that metallothionein passes through the red cell membrane and is transformed to the kidney. Cadmium being a divalent cation is accumulated by transfers mechanisms developed for necessary metals. Cadmium may interact with zinc, iron, magnesium, manganese, calcium and selenium and cause their secondary disability and so break down metabolism, resulting in the final morphological and functional changes in many organs. Toxicity could result from cadmium (Cd2+) interacting with cellular ingredients until without get into the cell, but by interaction with receptors on their surface. Cadmium forms covalent and ionic bonds with atoms of sulfur, oxygen, and hydrogen present in the sulfhydryl groups, disulfide, carboxyl, imidazole or severally amino compounds present in the cells, causing significant disruption of their homeostasis. The principle target organelle of cadmium is the mitochondria. Symptoms of acute cadmium intoxicating usually appear after 24 hours are shortness of breath, general weakness, fever. It can also cause pulmonary edema, pneumonia and in acute cases, respiratory failure and death. Cadmium accumulates in the renal cortex and induces tubular damage. It may cause nephrotoxicity by procreating free radicals and/or by inducing necrosis, apoptosis and creatinine increase in plasma and urea increase in the serum. Exposure to cadmium can cause skeletal damage. Cadmium is attached to low bone mineralization, a high rate of fractures, increased osteoporosis and intense bone pain. It accumulates in the proximal tubular cells, it compresses cellular functions, which may result in reduced transformation among two forms of vitamin D3. This is probably to causes a decrease in calcium absorption and bone mineralization, which in turn may produce osteomalacia. The skeletal effects observed in young rats exposed to cadmium during the period of rapid skeletal growth and teratogenesis or skeletal effects recorded include sirenomelia (fused lower limbs), Amelia (absence of one or more limbs) and retard ossification of the sternum and ribs, dysplasia of facial bones and rear limbs and edema. Cadmium has bee","PeriodicalId":93114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical research and reports","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135859853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paroxysmal Emotionality in a Group of Adolescents with Behavioral Disorders","authors":"Humberto García Penedo","doi":"10.31579/2690-1919/316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-1919/316","url":null,"abstract":"General Objective: Characterize the categorical and dimensional psychopathological spectrum of a group of adolescents Specific objectives: Describe the sociodemographic composition of the sample, characterize the psychopathological alterations of these adolescents and identify the negative emotions with clinical significance that characterize the group. Methods: A quantitative-qualitative methodology, a descriptive exploratory study and a non-experimental cross-sectional design were assumed. We worked with a non-probabilistic intentional sample, which included 20 adolescents who met the study inclusion criteria. A Modified Grau Experiential Self-Report, a Sentence Completion and an in-depth interview were applied to them. Descriptive statistics of the evaluated constructs were performed. Results: The initial diagnostic impression reflected that (50%) (n=20) have a Conduct Disorder, (30%) (n=20) have an Anxiety Disorder, (15%) (n=20) suffers from a Depressive Episode, while through the Self-report it was identified that 95% (n=20) have poor emotional regulation, 80% (n=20) suffer from anxiety, have tense emotional health and trait anger, the 75% (n=20) have depression and suffer possible Alexithymia, (70%) (n=20) are affected by psychological trauma. Conclusions: the group was characterized by having an average age of 15 years, with a predominance of the male sex, a high school education and the white race. The psychopathological alterations that characterized the group were conduct disorders, anxiety and depressive episode, and in terms of dimensions, it was characterized by high negativity and low positivity. The paroxysmal negative emotions that characterize the group are anxiety, irritability, anger, impulsiveness, apathy, demotivation, and unpleasant emotion that they cannot define.","PeriodicalId":93114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical research and reports","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135859854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ayurvedic Perspective of Yoga for Physical and Emotional Well-Being","authors":"Subhash Waghe","doi":"10.31579/2690-1919/317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-1919/317","url":null,"abstract":"Ayurveda is ancient Indian medical science. Apart from physical disorders, many psychological disorders are mentioned in Ayurveda. As per Ayurveda, incompatible contact of sensory organs with their senses and intellectual transgression (pragyaparadha) are the causes for psychological disorders. Similarly, bad mental qualities like jealousy, fear, anger, greed, conceit are also responsible for the development of mental disorders. As per Ayurveda, thinking, reasoning, conceptualizing, perceiving are the functions of the mind. As per Ayurveda, Yoga is a powerful tool to overcome the psychological pain. By virtue of Yoga, the mind is unified with the soul and detached from the materialistic sensory pains and pleasures. Atmagyan (knowing the self) has been mentioned as the part of treating the mental disorders. There are many psychosomatic disorders like Bhayaj and Shokaj Jwara and Atisara (anxiety and depression related fever and diarrhea), Manas Arochaka (anorexia nervosa), Dwishta Chhardi (psychological vomiting) etc which can be treated with meditation and mood elevating measures and sadvritta palana (noble code of conduct). It is concluded that role of Yoga in treating the psychological disorders is very well documented in Ayurveda.","PeriodicalId":93114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical research and reports","volume":"222 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135859851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypoxia of the Brain and Mechanisms of its Development","authors":"Lizaveta I. Bon","doi":"10.31579/2690-1919/311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-1919/311","url":null,"abstract":"All types of hypoxia at certain stages of their development are accompanied by impaired tissue respiration, that is, they lead to the development of secondary tissue hypoxia. The causes and development mechanisms of which we tried to discuss in this article. The development of hypoxic conditions and their compensation depend not only on this or that hypoxic perturbation and that part of the respiratory system, which is primarily targeted by its action, but also on the duration and the degree of exposure to the factor causing hypoxia, on the activity of urgent and long-term compensation mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":93114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical research and reports","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135859852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"To Assess the Effect of Hospitalization on Adult Patients’ Mental Health","authors":"Nida Tabassum Khan","doi":"10.31579/2690-1919/320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-1919/320","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the analysis and findings of this research, it can be concluded that hospitalization can have a significant impact on adult patients’ mental health. The results indicate that hospitalization was associated with increased levels of anxiety, depression, and stress among adult patients. This suggests that hospitalization can be a stressful and emotionally challenging experience for many patients. Additionally, the study found that the length of hospitalization was a significant factor in predicting the severity of mental health symptoms. Patients who had longer hospital stays tended to report higher levels of anxiety, depression, and stress during their stay period and even after discharge. These findings highlight the importance of providing psychological support and counseling services to patients during and after hospitalization. Therefore, the healthcare system should prioritize mental health care for hospitalized patients to help them cope with emotional and psychological stress of hospitalization. Future research in this area could explore the effectiveness of different interventions such as mindfulness-based stress reduction or cognitive-behavioral therapy in mitigating the negative mental health effects of hospitalization. Overall, the results of this study add to the growing body of research on the importance of mental health care in the hospital setting.","PeriodicalId":93114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical research and reports","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135859855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergency Contraception: Ongoing Medical, Pharmacological, Political, and Ethical Controversies","authors":"Kurt Kraetschmer","doi":"10.31579/2690-1919/315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-1919/315","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the critical analysis is an illumination of unresolved issues on Emergency Contraception (EC). This form of contraception has been offered as an effective method of birth control to women since the end of the last century. At present -- in the post-Roe generation where access to abortion has been restricted -- the interest in EC is increasing. It is important therefore to provide accurate and complete information on which prospective users of EC can rely. Material and Metho The material encompasses documents issued by leading health authorities -- such as the World Health Organization (WHO), the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) -- as well as research articles published in high-ranked scientific journals. This material is assessed by a critical analysis which compares the discrepancies in data provided and in claims made. Results The result is evidence of publications containing unreliable claims and conflicting views on some of the most salient aspects of EC such as safety, efficacy, mode of action, drug-drug interactions, legislation on abortion medication, and ethical discussions on the protection of life. Implications Consumers and patients should be critical towards claims made by health agencies and rather rely on high-level research in the area of pharmacovigilance and on publications by legal experts.","PeriodicalId":93114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical research and reports","volume":"13 3","pages":"01-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147914744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cystic Brain Lesion in A Child Most Likely Hydatid Cyst: The Computed Tomographic Findings and A Case Report","authors":"Sule MB","doi":"10.31579/2690-1919/295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-1919/295","url":null,"abstract":"Hydatid disease of the brain is a very rare disease entity, and accounts for about 1-2% of all Echinococcus granulosis infections. This is a fifteen-year-old male child that presented from a peripheral health facility for an enhanced computed tomography of the brain on account of a six-month history of recurrent headaches, feeling of heaviness in the head and repeated convulsions. The enhanced computed tomography demonstrated a non-enhancing multiple cystic area with a central solid area with no surrounding edema but causing erosion, areas of irregularities and discontinuity of the adjacent skull vault. The CECT findings with the patient’s clinical history rose a suspicion of hydatid cyst of the brain, currently the patient is placed on medical treatment and been prepared for surgical excision of the cystic lesion.","PeriodicalId":93114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical research and reports","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135997106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Different Factors Associated with Side Effects of Covid-19 Vaccination on Medical Students, Mutah University, Al-karak, Jordan","authors":"Sherif W. Mansour","doi":"10.31579/2690-1919/298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-1919/298","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Following the spread of COVID-19 infection, FDA granted emergency authorization and approval of vaccines to protect people from the ensuing pandemic. Adverse effects of the vaccination have not been fully recorded. That is why reporting side effects and conducting specific measures regarding the side effects is crucial. Objective: The aim of the present study is to document vaccine side effects, if recorded, associated with the different types of COVID-19 vaccines among medical students at Mutah University in Jordan. Method: Prospective survey study that was started on January 4th, 2022 till 20th of March, 2022. It was conducted on medical students at Mutah University in Jordan. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 25. Results: The results of the present study showed that the most common adverse effect encountered proved to be pain at the site of injection. Tiredness, muscle pain, headache, chills, redness, and swelling at the site of injection were also highly reported. Participants that were infected with COVID-19 before the vaccination reported more side effects than the ones who were infected with the virus after the vaccination. Vaccine recipients who were females or those with lower BMI had higher incidence of COVID-19 vaccine side effects. Conclusion: To conclude, we found that COVID-19 vaccine recipients experienced side effects including muscle pain, chills, dizziness and tiredness. Higher reactogenicity to the vaccine was associated with prior COVID-19 infection, female gender, lower BMI.","PeriodicalId":93114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical research and reports","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135997107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Treatments of Various Diseases with The Root of Astragalus Membranaceus","authors":"Muhammad Arshad Ullah","doi":"10.31579/2690-1919/299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-1919/299","url":null,"abstract":"Astragalus L., is one of the largest genuses of flowering plants in the Leguminosae family. As annual or perennial herbs, sub shrubs, or shrubs, the plants of Astragalus L. are widely distributed throughout the temperate and arid regions. So far, the genus has been estimated to contain 2000–3000 species and more than 250 taxonomic sections in the world. Astragalus can significantly improve motor and memory impairment following D-galactose induced senescence in mice, which suggests anti-aging effects and possibly a delay in senility of middle-aged mice. The root of A. membranceus (Fisch.) Bge. var. mongholicus (Bge.) Hsiao (Radix Astragali) is a precious medicine in TCM, which has the properties of intensifying phagocytosis of reticuloendothelial systems, stimulating pituitary-adrenal cortical activity, and restoring depleted red blood cell formation in bone marrow. Clinically, it is used to treat chronic phlegmatic disorders and general gastrointestinal disturbances including stomach ulcers and diarrhea. It has been used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of various renal diseases for over 2000 years and was recorded in Shen Nong’s Materia Medica, which was written in the Han dynasty. Also, it is famed for its antimicrobial, antiperspirant, anti-inflammatory, diuretic and tonic effects. Some plants in the Astragalus genus are well known for their pharmacological properties, particularly hepatoprotective, immunostimulant, and antiviral activities. While, the most common use of this genus is as forage for livestock and wild animals, some plants in this genus have been recognized as being used in foods, medicines, cosmetics, as substitutes for tea or coffee, or as sources of vegetable gums. Saponins, flavonoids, and polysaccharides are believed to be the principle active constituents of Astragalus. This herb possesses tonic, hepatoprotective, diuretic, and expectorant properties and has been shown to exhibit immunomodulating, antihyperglycemic, and antiviral activities, among others. Traditionally, it was used to treat weakness, wounds, anemia, fever, multiple allergies, chronic fatigue, and loss of appetite, uterine bleeding, and uterine prolapse. The plants have also been used for treatment of diabetes, nephritis, leukemia, stomach ulcers, hypertension and chronic bronchitis.","PeriodicalId":93114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical research and reports","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135997103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Quality Level in Health Sector: Which is the Relation to Demographic and Work Factors in Health Professionals?","authors":"Paraskevi Theofilou","doi":"10.31579/2690-1919/304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2690-1919/304","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study is to investigate the quality level in health sector as well as the relation to demographic and work factors in health professionals. The research involved 99 people (11 men and 88 women) with an average age of 44.00±7.55 years of life and with a seniority of 19.29±9.01 years. The SERVQUAL scale was used. The results showed no statistically significant associations of satisfaction and efficiency among health professionals with demographic and work factors (p>0.05). More studies must be conducted in the context of investigation of the above variables.","PeriodicalId":93114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical research and reports","volume":"11 8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135997104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}