Bioscientifica proceedings最新文献_第9页

Corpus luteum development and angiogenesis 黄体发育和血管生成

Bioscientifica proceedings Pub Date : 2019-04-05 DOI: 10.1530/BIOSCIPROCS.8.023

R. Robinson, K. Woad, M. Hunter, K. Sinclair, M. Laird, Chitra Joseph, A. J. Hammond, G. Mann

{"title":"Corpus luteum development and angiogenesis","authors":"R. Robinson, K. Woad, M. Hunter, K. Sinclair, M. Laird, Chitra Joseph, A. J. Hammond, G. Mann","doi":"10.1530/BIOSCIPROCS.8.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1530/BIOSCIPROCS.8.023","url":null,"abstract":"Development of the corpus luteum (CL) is vital for the early increase in postovulatory progesterone that drives embryo development and the successful establishment of pregnancy. Following ovulation, rapid and dramatic cellular reorganisation and intense angiogenesis are required to support the timely transition to progesterone secretion. In addition to inherent physiological challenges, this process is sensitive to any imbalance in metabolism or health, particularly in the modern high yielding dairy cow. This makes luteal inadequacy a common cause of poor early embryo development and low conception rates in dairy cows. This review will explore the potential mechanisms that underlie this disorder. It will describe the impact that the pre-ovulatory follicle infrastructure, gonadotrophin support and size of the LH surge have on subsequent luteal development and function. A crucial component for rapid luteal growth is the formation of new blood vessels or angiogenesis. Several recent studies have highlighted the critical importance of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) in regulating this process. In particular, FGF2 has a profound influence on endothelial cell sprouting and branching. There is increasing evidence that pericytes, immune cells and platelets are also integral regulators of luteal angiogenesis and development. The complex and dynamic nature of luteal development means that it is likely to be sensitive to potential inadequacies particularly, in the high producing dairy cow.","PeriodicalId":93083,"journal":{"name":"Bioscientifica proceedings","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44152578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Birth weight and its impacts on testicular development in boars 公猪出生体重及其对睾丸发育的影响

Bioscientifica proceedings Pub Date : 2019-04-05 DOI: 10.1530/biosciprocs.19.0011

F. Almeida, P. Auler, G. Moreira, R.B.C. Jardim, F. P. Bortolozzo, H. Chiarini-Garcia

引用次数: 3

Nuclear reprogramming by somatic cell nuclear transfer – the cattle story 体细胞核移植的核重编程——牛的故事

Bioscientifica proceedings Pub Date : 2019-04-05 DOI: 10.1530/BIOSCIPROCS.6.021

X. Tian, Sadie L. Smith, Shouquan Zhang, C. Kubota, C. Curchoe, F. Xue, Lan Yang, F. Du, L. Sung, X. Yang

引用次数: 0

Molecular biology of trophoblast interferons and studies of their effects in vivo 滋养层细胞干扰素的分子生物学及其体内作用研究

Bioscientifica proceedings Pub Date : 2019-04-05 DOI: 10.1530/BIOSCIPROCS.2.002

Apf Flint, TJ Parkinson, HJ Stewart, JL Vallet, GE Lamming

引用次数: 0

Inducing pluripotency in livestock somatic cells to enhance genome-editing opportunities 诱导牲畜体细胞的多能性以增加基因组编辑的机会

Bioscientifica proceedings Pub Date : 2019-04-05 DOI: 10.1530/BIOSCIPROCS.8.032

Jun Liu, Amir Taheri-Ghahfarokhi, P. Verma

{"title":"Inducing pluripotency in livestock somatic cells to enhance genome-editing opportunities","authors":"Jun Liu, Amir Taheri-Ghahfarokhi, P. Verma","doi":"10.1530/BIOSCIPROCS.8.032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1530/BIOSCIPROCS.8.032","url":null,"abstract":"Although the manipulation of animal genomes has a history of more than three decades, there are only a few of the reported genetically modified (GM) animals that have passed safety regulations and found their way through to market. The production and safety regulations of GM livestock are hindered by a variety of issues, most importantly, lack of embryonic stem cells (ESC) in livestock species and concerns around the nature and biosafety of the genome manipulations, respectively. As an alternative for ESC, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) have reportedly been generated in livestock species. The initial attempts at generating iPSC were based on viral integration of specific factors into the genome of differentiated cells. However, attempts have been made in developing safer methods for generating virus-free iPSC. Although the possibility of inducing a pluripotency state in somatic cells raises hopes to overcome the lack of ESC in livestock, as yet there is no report on successful iPSC cell mediated transgenesis in large domestic animals. Recent advances in genome editing exploiting site-specific endonucleases provide unprecedented potential for modifying the genome of livestock with reduction in off-target events, high efficiency and user-friendly approaches which are widely applicable across species. The high efficiencies achieved support the tantalizing prospect of achieving sophisticated genome-editing at the zygote stage even in livestock species.","PeriodicalId":93083,"journal":{"name":"Bioscientifica proceedings","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45840302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fetal-maternal interactions during the establishment of pregnancy in ruminants 反刍动物怀孕期间胎儿-母体的相互作用

Bioscientifica proceedings Pub Date : 2019-04-05 DOI: 10.1530/BIOSCIPROCS.6.024

T. Spencer, G. Johnson, Fw Bazeru, R. Burghardt

引用次数: 7

Combined analysis of transcriptome studies of bovine endometrium during the preimplantation phase and comparison to results from ovine and porcine preimplantation endometrium 牛着床前子宫内膜转录组研究的综合分析及与绵羊和猪着床前子宫内膜转录组研究结果的比较

Bioscientifica proceedings Pub Date : 2019-04-05 DOI: 10.1530/BIOSCIPROCS.8.013

S. Bauersachs

{"title":"Combined analysis of transcriptome studies of bovine endometrium during the preimplantation phase and comparison to results from ovine and porcine preimplantation endometrium","authors":"S. Bauersachs","doi":"10.1530/BIOSCIPROCS.8.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1530/BIOSCIPROCS.8.013","url":null,"abstract":"Transcriptome studies of the bovine endometrium during early pregnancy and during the estrous cycle have been performed using DNA microarrays and RNA sequencing to identify genes associated with establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. The results of these studies are reviewed and the identified differentially expressed genes (DEG) are compared to define the overlaps between studies and technical platforms. Good overlaps were found for upregulated genes between different days of the preimplantation phase and between microarrays and RNA-Seq. In contrast, overlaps for downregulated genes were clearly lower between days but also between platforms. Possible causes are discussed. All DEG of the analyzed studies were summarized and a combined functional annotation analysis was performed. Gene expression of selected genes found as important for maternal recognition of pregnancy and implantation in sheep was compared between bovine and ovine endometrium. Furthermore, DEG in bovine endometrium were compared to DEG found in porcine endometrium on Day 14 of pregnancy, revealing significant similarities in differential endometrial gene expression in cattle and pigs.","PeriodicalId":93083,"journal":{"name":"Bioscientifica proceedings","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46759333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Socio-sexual signalling and gonadal function: opportunities for reproductive management in domestic ruminants 社会性信号和性腺功能：家畜繁殖管理的机会

Bioscientifica proceedings Pub Date : 2019-04-05 DOI: 10.1530/BIOSCIPROCS.6.013

R. Ungerfeld

{"title":"Socio-sexual signalling and gonadal function: opportunities for reproductive management in domestic ruminants","authors":"R. Ungerfeld","doi":"10.1530/BIOSCIPROCS.6.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1530/BIOSCIPROCS.6.013","url":null,"abstract":"The aims of this review are to summarize the common biological basis of the responses to social stimulus in domestic ruminants and to consider the research still required in order to put this knowledge to practical use on the farm. The mechanisms involved in the stimulation of sheep and goat females, including both the expected ovarian and behavioural responses, are described. In most breeds, the male effect may be used effectively to induce ovulation during seasonal anoestrus. Although good responses have been obtained in most sheep trials, in some experiments using more seasonal breeds of sheep, poor responses were observed. In goats, it seems that this can be partially overcome if teaser bucks are adequately stimulated (by light treatment and melatonin administration). The strategic use of these stimuli to induce fertile ovulations during the postpartum period is also discussed. In cattle, less is known about the physiological mechanisms by which cows respond to stimulation from the bull. Most trials have focused in trying to advance postpartum rebreeding, with very diverse outcomes. The wide variety of interacting factors and the paucity of data make it difficult to draw conclusions regarding the use of social stimuli in postpartum management. The challenge for researchers is to develop social management techniques that will induce oestrus and ovulation whenever farmers require them. Although more research is necessary to improve efficacy in some sheep breeds and in postpartum animals, social stimulation emerges as an inexpensive and hormone-free strategy that may be useful for farmers.","PeriodicalId":93083,"journal":{"name":"Bioscientifica proceedings","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45843090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Application of RNA-seq transcriptomic analysis to reproductive physiology of the pig: Insights into differential trophoblast function within the late gestation porcine placenta RNA-seq转录组学分析在猪生殖生理中的应用:对妊娠晚期猪胎盘中滋养细胞功能差异的见解

Bioscientifica proceedings Pub Date : 2019-04-05 DOI: 10.1530/biosciprocs.19.0017

A. K. McNeel, Celine Chen, Steven G. Schroeder, T. Sonstegard, H. Dawson, J. Vallet

{"title":"Application of RNA-seq transcriptomic analysis to reproductive physiology of the pig: Insights into differential trophoblast function within the late gestation porcine placenta","authors":"A. K. McNeel, Celine Chen, Steven G. Schroeder, T. Sonstegard, H. Dawson, J. Vallet","doi":"10.1530/biosciprocs.19.0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1530/biosciprocs.19.0017","url":null,"abstract":"*The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual’s income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Application of RNA-seq transcriptomic analysis to reproductive physiology of the pig: Insights into differential trophoblast function within the late gestation porcine placenta","PeriodicalId":93083,"journal":{"name":"Bioscientifica proceedings","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44550242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of the dominant follicle: mechanisms of selection and maintenance of oocyte quality 优势卵泡的发育:选择和维持卵母细胞质量的机制

Bioscientifica proceedings Pub Date : 2019-04-05 DOI: 10.1530/BIOSCIPROCS.6.009

R. Webb, B. Campbell

{"title":"Development of the dominant follicle: mechanisms of selection and maintenance of oocyte quality","authors":"R. Webb, B. Campbell","doi":"10.1530/BIOSCIPROCS.6.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1530/BIOSCIPROCS.6.009","url":null,"abstract":"For a follicle to reach dominance, in mono-ovulatory species such as cattle, requires the integration of a number of processesinvolving both extra-ovarian signals and intra-follicular paracrine and autocrine regulators. Ovarian transplant studies in both cattle and sheep demonstrated that it takes approximately 4 months for primordial follicles to reach dominance. Gonadotrophins are not a prerequisite for the continued growth of pre-antral follicles, unlike antral follicles, but FSHdoes appear to stimulate development. Local growth factors, such as IGFs and BMPs, are expressed throughout follicle development and interact with gonadotrophins to stimulate development. As follicles become dominant, there is a transfer of dependency from FSH to LH. There are also differences in LHresponsiveness of theca and granulosa cells during follicular development, due to differential regulation and control by intricate local mechanisms altering LH receptor (LHR) mRNA expression. In addition, both the BMP and IGF systems can modulate the proliferative and differentiative responses of both granulosa and theca cells to gonadotrophins. There is a significant interaction between BMPs and the IGF system in regulating follicular development. A range of factors, including nutrition, will also determine the fate of the growing follicle and the quality of the oocyte. Nearly all follicles regressand apoptotic cell death throughout follicular development is an underlying mechanism of cell loss during follicular atresia. Several markers of follicular atresia have been identified including IGFBPs.There is a significant correlation between the presence of low molecular weight IGFBPsin bovine follicular fluid and caspase-3activity of granulosa cells in individual follicles. In conclusion, it is the interaction between extra-ovarian and intra-ovarian factors that determine the fate of the follicle and the quality of the oocyte.","PeriodicalId":93083,"journal":{"name":"Bioscientifica proceedings","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44883374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0