American journal of biomedical science & research最新文献

{"title":"Microbiome First Approaches in Pain Prevention and Management","authors":"R. Dietert","doi":"10.34297/ajbsr.2021.14.001976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34297/ajbsr.2021.14.001976","url":null,"abstract":"The Microbiome First Initiative aims to facilitate sustainable healthcare by focusing first and foremost on the human holobiont majority, the microbiome. Understanding how the human microbiome affects not only risk of disease but also human perceptions can help individuals thrive and pave the way for a healthy life course. Following a recent review of Microbiome First Medicine the context of health and safety, this present opinion article considers the role of the human microbiome, particularly the gut microbiome, on pain, sensory perceptions, and the prevention and multimodal management of pain. Microbial dysbiosis can be causative of some forms of immune-inflammatory and neurologic pain and the altered human microbiome can lock in the pain while at the same time interfering with analgesic/opioid therapies. Dysbiotic microbiota can make drug treatments less effective and with opioids, the microbes can significantly increase: For these reasons, it is critical to move beyond simply thinking about the microbiome in dealing with pain to considering the microbiome as central in multimodal pain prevention and management strategies. The microbiome is key in any attempts to change physiology, metabolism, systems biology function, and receptor-based perceptions within the human body.","PeriodicalId":93072,"journal":{"name":"American journal of biomedical science & research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44982280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Localization of the Phenotypically Varying P270 Protein on dsRNA Virus-positive and Negative Trichomonas vaginalis Isolates","authors":"J. Alderete","doi":"10.34297/ajbsr.2021.14.001978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34297/ajbsr.2021.14.001978","url":null,"abstract":"Trichomonas vaginalis causes trichomonosis, the number one, non-viral STI, with adverse consequences to women’s reproductive health [1,2]. One of the most immunogenic proteins of T. vaginalis is called P270 of ~270-kDa in size. This P270 protein has tandemly repeated immunogenic DREGRD-epitopes that are detected by the monoclonal antibody (MAb) C20A3 [3-7]. It was discovered by indirect immunofluorescence (IF) that some naturally-occurring isolates had subpopulations of parasites that were heterogeneous in the surface expression of P270 [4]. These isolates had both fluorescent and non-fluorescent organisms. Fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) [6] showed that 100 percent fluorescent trichomonads reflecting surface P270 became non-fluorescent. Likewise, sorted non-fluorescent parasites with cytoplasmic P270 reverted to fluorescent organisms with surface P270. It was hypothesized that parasite factors affect P270 synthesis and surface expression. Subsequently it was found that Abstract Trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellated protist and causal agent for trichomonosis, the number one, nonviral sexually transmitted infection (STI). The parasites of all naturally-occurring isolates of T. vaginalis synthesize the immunogenic protein called P270, which is encoded by a single copy gene with numerous tandemly-repeated elements encoding the sequence DREGRD detected by the monoclonal antibody (MAb) C20A3. Isolates have been defined based on the absence (Type I) or presence (Type II) of T. vaginalis dsRNA virus (TVV). Type II TVV+ isolate organisms grown in batch culture have previously been shown to undergo phenotypic variation between surface and non-surface (cytoplasmic) expression of P270 using the MAb C20A3 in immunofluorescence (IF) assays. Type I TVVtrichomonads synthesize lower amounts of P270 that is only found in the cytoplasm. In this study both IF and immunoelectron microscopy (IEM) analysis were performed for the first time to localize P270 on and within both types of trichomonal isolates. IF experiments of Type II TVV+ parasites show whole surface labeling of intact, non-permeabilized organisms and surface and cytoplasmic fluorescence for permeabilized trichomonads. Immunocytochemistry of Type II trichomonads treated with MAb C20A3 presented gold-labeling of P270 throughout the external membrane as well as within peripheral vacuoles. Further, there was no P270 detected within the electron dense hydrogenosome organelles. On the other hand, for Type I TVVpermeabilized organisms, P270 is detected by IF only in the cytoplasm of some parasites, and immunocytochemistry confirmed that no trichomonads had surface P270. These data provide evidence for the first time of compartmentalization and surface localization of P270 among phenotypically varying, Type II TVV+ T. vaginalis compared to the Type I TVVorganisms.","PeriodicalId":93072,"journal":{"name":"American journal of biomedical science & research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46094970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Wastewater Based Epidemiology as an Upcoming Tool for the Prediction and Control of Covid-19 Disease Outbreaks","authors":"V. Bencko","doi":"10.34297/ajbsr.2021.14.001975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34297/ajbsr.2021.14.001975","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93072,"journal":{"name":"American journal of biomedical science & research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45279612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Interaction of Podocytes, Glomerular Cells and Mesangial Cells in Glomerulopathies","authors":"Christian Pisrez Calvo","doi":"10.34297/ajbsr.2021.14.001974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34297/ajbsr.2021.14.001974","url":null,"abstract":"Abbreviations: AKI: Acute Kidney Injury; ESRD: End-Stage Renal Disease; CKD: Chronic Kidney Disease; Cd2ap: CD2-AssZociated Protein; JAK2: Janus kinase 2; USP40: carboxyl Terminal Hydrolase 40; UCHL1: Carboxyl Terminal Hydrolase L1; MMP: 2.4.1. Matrix Metalloproteinases; ECM: Extracellular Matrix; MMP-9: Metallopeptidase 9","PeriodicalId":93072,"journal":{"name":"American journal of biomedical science & research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46327831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Covid-19 and Reimbursement Mechanisms in Medical Economics; Retrospective(ffs) or Prospective(drg) Payment Healthcare Systems, Which One?","authors":"Ahangar A","doi":"10.34297/ajbsr.2021.14.001973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34297/ajbsr.2021.14.001973","url":null,"abstract":"index. COVID-19 disease has economic and financial effects at both macro and micro levels. At the macro level, the economic effects of this pandemic disease have emerged as a shock or economic crisis, meaning that it has affected the financing and economic structure of countries, in other words, the economic pattern and turnover worldwide. At the micro-level, funding sources and health care reimbursement mechanisms in hospitals have been severely affected. In this study, health care repayment and financing systems in the health sector, especially hospitals, were studied. In addition, are retrospective health financing and repayment systems better or prospective repayment systems in times of crisis or economic shock caused by COVID-19 disease? The types of financing mechanisms and current repayment methods, depending on the type of health system as well as other conditions and requirements of each country, have strengths and weaknesses [1-3]. The results of a study (Ahangar et al ., 2021) at Iran University of Medical Sciences show that before and after COVID-19 disease, hospitals with prospective repayment systems (such as DRG, Global, Per Capita mechanisms) compared to hospitals with retrospective repayment systems were more efficient in controlling costs and resources, as well as better managing the quality of hospital care.","PeriodicalId":93072,"journal":{"name":"American journal of biomedical science & research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44176825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detecting Extremity Ischemia Due to Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Cannula Placement with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy","authors":"Feng Feng","doi":"10.34297/ajbsr.2021.14.001972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34297/ajbsr.2021.14.001972","url":null,"abstract":"Detecting Extremity Ischemia Due to Extracorporeal Membrane Cannula with Near-Infrared","PeriodicalId":93072,"journal":{"name":"American journal of biomedical science & research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44160265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case of Gastric Volvulus in the Emergency Department","authors":"A. G. Elam","doi":"10.34297/ajbsr.2021.14.001970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34297/ajbsr.2021.14.001970","url":null,"abstract":"Gastric Volvulus (GV) is a rare condition characterized by rotation of the stomach 180° around its axis [1]. GV can be either acute or chronic and can lead to various complications including GI obstruction and strangulation. Approximately one third of patients present with acute symptoms [2]. Acute GV is considered a surgical emergency and, if left untreated, has a high rate of mortality. Acute GV is classically characterized by Borchardt’s Triad which consists of unproductive retching, epigastric pain, and inability to pass a Nasogastric (NG) tube [3]. Postprandial vomiting can also be seen. Diagnoses are commonly made with imaging (plain radiograph or CT). In adults, GV is commonly due to diaphragmatic defects. We present a patient with a case of acute gastric volvulus in a 74-year-old female with history of hiatal hernia. The patient was diagnosed via imaging and subsequently underwent surgical reduction of the volvulus and hernia repair.","PeriodicalId":93072,"journal":{"name":"American journal of biomedical science & research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43959517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrosmog and Its Protection","authors":"M. Doepp","doi":"10.34297/ajbsr.2021.14.001971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34297/ajbsr.2021.14.001971","url":null,"abstract":"There is hardly any doubt that our exposure to technical e-smog is increasing. Apart from the increasing natural-cosmicsolar irradiations, which are getting stronger and stronger, but which contain a meaning, because mankind is in a process of transformation, which is strengthened or guided by the cosmos. If you add up the current electromagnetic burdens, you come to a multiplication compared to what we already felt as an imposition 10 or even 20 years ago. And there is no improvement in sight, on the contrary: the more than 30,000 «5G» or soon «6G» satellites that are to be placed by the multi-billionaires (in future dollar trillionaires) are not yet in orbit. The “Internet of Things” is not supposed to make anything happen in an analogue way anymore (as nature does), but to link many billions of devices that are controlled from above and leave hardly any room for human decisions.","PeriodicalId":93072,"journal":{"name":"American journal of biomedical science & research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48691699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cerebral Toxoplasmosis in a Patient with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Treated With Obinutuzumab- Chlorambucil","authors":"Vellemans Hélène","doi":"10.34297/ajbsr.2021.14.001968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34297/ajbsr.2021.14.001968","url":null,"abstract":"Despite therapeutic advances, infectious complications continue to play a significant role in the clinical course of patients with CLL. Cerebral toxoplasmosis is among the most common CNS infections in immunocompromised patients. Toxoplasma gondii can cause a life threatening CNS or disseminated infection, usually due to reactivation of a latent infection. We describe here the case of a 76 year-old man who developed toxoplasmic encephalitis after a treatment with obinutuzumab-chlorambucil for a CLL. He was admitted to the emergency room for confusion, agitation, Brocca aphasia, diplopia and left mydriasis seven months after the end of treatment with obinutuzumab-chlorambucil. Brain MRI showed at least eight intra-axial supra-tentorial lesions. A brain biopsy was performed and showed a florid toxoplasmosis. Rapidly, treatment with TMP-SMX was started and an improvement in the patient neurological condition was gradually observed. This is the first case of cerebral toxoplasmosis described after treatment with obinutuzumab-chlorambucil in a patient with CLL.","PeriodicalId":93072,"journal":{"name":"American journal of biomedical science & research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47464277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peri Operative Management of a Simultaneously Symptomatic Diaphragmatic Hernia and Imperforate Anus in a Neonate: A Rare but Challenging Combination","authors":"A. Ratnayake","doi":"10.34297/ajbsr.2021.14.001969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34297/ajbsr.2021.14.001969","url":null,"abstract":"Congenital diaphragmatic hernia a rare congenital malformation which often requires surgical interventions. The surgery is not an emergency, and it can be done within days with planned preoperative optimisation. We present a case of a premature neonate presented with co-existence of left side diaphragmatic hernia with imperforate anus. Presence of imperforate anus prevents the passage of meconium leading to distention of bowel increasing the resistance inside the left hemithorax. Therefore, an urgent repair of the diaphragmatic hernia with colostomy formation was done under general anaesthesia after 48 hours of birth. Patient was managed in a paediatric intensive care unit both pre and post operative period. Even though the post operative period was complicated with a broncopneumonia and a pleural effusion, he was discharged from ICU 20 days after the procedure.","PeriodicalId":93072,"journal":{"name":"American journal of biomedical science & research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43386009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}