British microbiology research journal最新文献

{"title":"Production, Purification and Characterisation of a Purified Low Molecular Weight and Thermo-alkaline Tolerance Xylanase by Aspergillus brasiliensis In Submerged Fermentation","authors":"H. Ho, Lindsay Soh, Soo-Wee Ong","doi":"10.9734/bmrj/2016/20766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bmrj/2016/20766","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9269,"journal":{"name":"British microbiology research journal","volume":"335 3","pages":"1-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91470880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Impact of Antiretroviral Therapy on CD4, Hemoglobin Level and Weight in HIV Infected Children (0-15 Years) Residing in Nkambe, North West Region, Cameroon","authors":"Lem Edith Abongwa, N. Ngum, N. Edouard, Nfor Germaine, C. Fokunang","doi":"10.9734/bmrj/2016/26088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bmrj/2016/26088","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has greatly decreased the mortality and morbidity of children living with HIV by reducing the viral load, increase CD4 count thus improving the health of HIV clients. This study seeks to assess the impact of ART on CD4+ Cell Count, weight and haemoglobin level (Hb) in children residing in Nkambe in the North West Region. Methodology: A total of 130 HIV infected children within the age range of 5 months to 15years were recruited for the study. Blood samples were collected and used to measure CD4+ and Hb concentrations. Their weights were taken measured using an electronic balance. Hb levels were used to categorized anaemia while growth was assessed using the z scored of weight for age. Results: Results showed that there was a significant increase (P=0.00) in the mean CD4+, Hb and weight after ART intervention. The prevalence of non-anaemia was higher 52(40.0%) after intervention compared to 30 (23.1%) at the beginning. After initiation, 30 (23.1%), 46(35.4%) and 11(8.5%) children experienced a decrease in their CD4, Hb and weight values, respectively. Of the 30 children with decreased CD4 count, 30(100.0%) were anaemic and 11 (36.7%) were underweight. More females 47(78.3%) experienced increase in CD4 + count while the male children were non anaemic 29(41.4%) and experienced an increase in weight 61(87.1%). Most children of the age group 6-10 years experienced an increase in CD4 + 26(89.7%), Hb 15(51.7%), and weight 25(86.2%) compared to the other age groups. Conclusion: The use of ART to treat HIV-infected children is effective as it has improved the health of children. In addition this study reinforces the finding that anaemia, low CD4 and poor growth are common among children living with HIV infection.","PeriodicalId":9269,"journal":{"name":"British microbiology research journal","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81983426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening, identification and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria isolated from selected traditionally fermented products.","authors":"I. Adesina, A. Ojokoh, D. Arotupin","doi":"10.9734/BMRJ/2016/21427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BMRJ/2016/21427","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: To isolate and identify bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria from traditionally fermented products and determine their antibiotic susceptibility pattern. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria between October, 2012 – March, 2013. Methodology: Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolates from samples of traditionally fermented products (“burukutu”, “pito”, yoghurt, “wara” and “iru”) were screened for bacteriocin production. Bacteriocin screening was performed both by the agar spot test and well diffusion assay. Four reference strains (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853) were used as indicator strains to check sensitivity to the antimicrobial substances produced by the LAB isolates. Carbohydrate Original Research Article Adesina et al.; BMRJ, 11(1): 1-9, 2016; Article no.BMRJ.21427 2 fermentation profiles of selected bacteriocin-producing LAB strains were determined using API 50CH kits to identify them up to the species level. Antibiogram of LAB isolates were determined by antibiotic sensitivity discs. Results: A total of sixty-three (63) lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains obtained from the fermented products were screened for bacteriocin production. Thirty-seven isolates (59%) of these LAB strains showed antimicrobial activity against two or more of the reference varieties used as indicator strains (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853). After excluding inhibition due to organic acids and hydrogen peroxide from the cell-free culture supernatants of these 37 LAB isolates, only 6 (16%) of the 37 selected LAB isolates (10% of the 63 initial LAB isolates) continued to show antimicrobial activity against three of the reference strains. The inhibitory effects of these six (6) LAB strains showed the presence of bacteriocins, hence potent bacteriocin producers. The selected bacteriocin-producing LAB strains (BE1, BO2, IO1, PO4, PO9 and YO7) were identified as Lactobacillus cellobiosus, Lactobacillus brevis, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Tetragenococcus halophilus, and Lactobacillus fermentum respectively. All the bacteriocin-producing LAB isolates were susceptible to erythromycin and zinnacef but were resistant to streptomycin and pefloxacin. Conclusion: These results reveal six LAB isolates from traditional fermented products that were capable of producing bacteriocins which could have a potential for food applications as biopreservatives.","PeriodicalId":9269,"journal":{"name":"British microbiology research journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78815213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation of Rare Salmonella Serovars, Wangata and Penarth from Chicken in Nsukka, Nigeria","authors":"O. J. Obi, A. Ike, C. V. Olovo","doi":"10.9734/bmrj/2016/27849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bmrj/2016/27849","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Salmonella infections remain a veterinary and public health problem of major importance. Rare Salmonella serovars, whose epidemiological and serological patterns are not well understood, are becoming increasingly common in Nigeria and other Obi All the rare serotypes S . Wangata and S . Penarth were isolated from free range chickens, while S . Enteritidis was isolated from both intensively reared and free range chickens. There was no difference in the sensitivity pattern between the rare serovars and serovar Enteritidis to the antibiotics tested. S. Penarth had a higher MIC to Cotrimoxazole, but lower MBC for gentamicin and tetracycline. Conclusions: Free range chickens could be vehicles for the transmission and/or reservoirs of the rare salmonellae serotypes in Nigeria. Any prophylactic program aimed at controlling these agents in poultry farms in Nigeria, must take into account the free range local chickens.","PeriodicalId":9269,"journal":{"name":"British microbiology research journal","volume":"128 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75928598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Partial Purification and Characterization of a Haloalkaline Protease from Pseudomonas aeruginosa","authors":"S. Palpperumal, S. Sankaralingam, D. Kathiresan, B. Harinathan, T. Shankar, D. Prabhu","doi":"10.9734/BMRJ/2016/26289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BMRJ/2016/26289","url":null,"abstract":"A study was conducted to partially purify and characterize a haloalkaline protease isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa.","PeriodicalId":9269,"journal":{"name":"British microbiology research journal","volume":"18 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76184350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Rate of Antibiotic Resistance in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a University Hospital","authors":"O. S. Egbule, Ayobola Daniel Ehwarieme, U. Owhe-Ureghe","doi":"10.9734/BMRJ/2016/25324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BMRJ/2016/25324","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: Management of infections in new-born remain a major problem globally due to their delicate nature. Bacteremia in new born has resulted in high mortality. Determining the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylocccus aureus which dominates in sepsis is important. Study Design: During a 4 month period in 2015, 98 blood samples were collected from new-born admitted to a university hospital in Delta State, Nigeria. Methodology: Isolation of organisms were based on growth patterns, morphological appearance and biochemical analysis. Antimicrobial susceptibility were determined following Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion methods, using 11 different antibiotics which include Gentamicin (10 μg), Ofloxacin, (5 μg) Ciprofloxacin, (5 μg) Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (30 μg), Ceftazidime (30 μg), Cefuroxime, (30 μg) Trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (25 μg), Nitrofurantoin (300 μg), Cefixime (5 μg), Cloxacillin (10 μg) and Erythromycin (10 μg). Results: A total of 30 (30.61%) Escherichia coli, 20 (20.41%) Klebsiella pneumoniaè and 18 (18.37%) Staphylococcus aureus were isolated. Susceptibility results indicate that all isolates were Original Research Article Egbule et al.; BMRJ, 15(1): 1-6, 2016; Article no.BMRJ.25324 2 highly resistant to Gentamicin and to the two lower generation cephalosporins tested; Ceftazidime and Cefuroxime. In addition, all isolates were multidrug resistant. Conclusion: Our data has revealed that a serious problem of antimicrobial resistance exist among bloodstream isolates of new-born in our hospital.","PeriodicalId":9269,"journal":{"name":"British microbiology research journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75623678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotics Susceptibility Profile of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase Producing Gram Negative Bacteria from Widal Positive Patients in Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital","authors":"J. Babalola, A. Oluyege, O. Lawal, O. Akinduro, A. O. Igbalajobi","doi":"10.9734/bmrj/2016/22810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bmrj/2016/22810","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: To investigate the age occurrence of typhoid fever, antibiotics susceptibility profile of Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamase producing gram negative bacteria recovered from the blood culture of widal positive patients attending Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital. Place and Duration of Study: Microbiology Laboratory, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital Original Research Article Babalola et al.; BMRJ, 12(3): 1-9, 2016; Article no.BMRJ.22810 2 from AugustNovember, 2011. Methodology: Widal status of patients was detected using Widal Agglutination test kits. Demographic data descriptively analysed using tables and statistical software (SPSS 17 version). Isolates were identified using standard methods, subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility by disc diffusion method and extended spectrum beta-lactamase production (ESBL) detection done by Double Disc Synergy Test. Results: A total of 99 samples were examined, 86 subjected to widal test before blood culture and 13 cultured directly. Widal result showed that 42 (48.8%) had a titer of 1:160 and above. The disease has the highest rate of occurrence among the females, 18 (18.2%) females were positive as against 8 (8.1%) males and age group 20-29 years with 12 (13.95%) patients. Overall typhoid prevalence was found to be 26 (30.23%). Out of which, age group 20-29years 12 (13.95%) and adult age group 6 (7%) recorded the highest prevalence respectively. Nine different bacteria genera were isolated from the blood culture, 13 (36.1%) strains of Klebsiella specie was found to be predominant among the gram negative bacteria isolated. The recovered isolates all showed (100%) resistance to ceftazidime (30 μg), augmentin (30 μg) and ampicillin (10 μg), cefuroxime (30 μg) (94.4%), gentamycin (10 μg) (47.2%), ciprofloxacin (5 μg) (25%) and Ofloxacin (5 μg) (25%). Fourteen (38.9%) of the recovered isolates showed ESBLs patterns. Cefuroxime showed synergism with amoxcillin-clavulanic acid in 8 (57.1%) of the bacteria isolates. Conclusion: The recovery of gram negative ESBLs bacteria 14 (38.9%) from the blood culture of widal presumptively diagnosed typhoid patients suggests that a laboratory culture proven result is advisable to be the most definitive diagnosis of typhoid fever. We suggest that antibiotic therapy should not be initiated regardless of the widal antibody titre until the blood culture result has proven to be positive for typhoid fever.","PeriodicalId":9269,"journal":{"name":"British microbiology research journal","volume":"30 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74268155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging Changes in Mortality Pattern of Burn Patients in Relation to Resistant Bacterial Isolates in a Tertiary Care Hospital","authors":"Shweta Sharma, L. Makhija, R. Mahajan, C. Hans","doi":"10.9734/bmrj/2016/23746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bmrj/2016/23746","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9269,"journal":{"name":"British microbiology research journal","volume":"65 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90384432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intra- and Inter-individual Variation in Population of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in Faeces of Some Healthy Individuals","authors":"O. Fadare, S. Sabri, A. Pachenari, A. Momoh, O. Makinde","doi":"10.9734/bmrj/2016/22517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bmrj/2016/22517","url":null,"abstract":"designed the study performed the test, performed the statistical analysis, the protocol, the of the and managed literature searches. performed the test. supervised the test. and performed the statistical analysis. ABSTRACT Aims: To evaluate the variation of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium population within and between healthy individuals. Methodology: Five healthy participants were recruited, and advised not to consume yoghurt, antibiotics, alcohol and steroid during the study. Three (3) fecal samples from each participant obtained at one week interval (total of 15 samples a week) for three weeks were examined for each subject bacteria. The samples were collected in sterile specimen jars and immediately taken to the laboratory for analysis. MRS and BIM-25, a selective medium were used for the enumeration of Lactobacillus sp and Bifidobacteria respectively using plate count method. Target bacteria were confirmed by PCR technique and biochemical tests. Results: All isolates picked from their respective selective media were confirmed to be lactobacillus and bifidobacteria. The confirmation was carried out using both biochemical tests and PCR. The results of the statistical analysis of the data obtained using SPSS version 16 showed that intra-individual variation of the population of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria was significantly lower than inter-individual variation at P <0.05. Conclusion: This study establishes the fact that the composition level of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium varies within and between healthy human gut at different points in time.","PeriodicalId":9269,"journal":{"name":"British microbiology research journal","volume":"98 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85191649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroepidemiology of Incidentally Detected Asymptomatic HBsAg Positive Subjects from Southern State of India – A One Year Study","authors":"S. Fatima, A. Anjum","doi":"10.9734/BMRJ/2016/27483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BMRJ/2016/27483","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9269,"journal":{"name":"British microbiology research journal","volume":"63 6 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84607015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}