Journal of physical activity research最新文献

{"title":"Black Seventh-Day Adventists’ Adherence to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s 1995 and 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Adults","authors":"N. Davis, D. Thorpe, P. Herring, W. Beeson, G. Fraser","doi":"10.12691/JPAR-4-1-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/JPAR-4-1-2","url":null,"abstract":"A lack of physical activity is associated with many chronic and metabolic diseases and decreased life expectancy. This study assessed the physical activity practices of Black Seventh-day Adventists to determine adherence to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s 1995 and 2008 guidelines for adult physical activity. Data from 16,547 Black participants of the Adventist Health Study-2 prospective cohort were analyzed. Data about dietary practices, medication usage, and physical activity were collected and analyzed. Only 11.3% of Black Adventists met 1995 recommended guidelines and 22.8% met 2008 guidelines. Gender, age, educational level, and body mass index were associated with adherence to 1995 guidelines while gender, educational level, and body mass index were associated with adherence to 2008 guidelines. Compared to respondents 18-44 years (reference), 45-64 and 65+ years and older were most likely to adhere to 1995 guidelines (OR=1.22, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.39) and (OR=1.51, 95% CI: 1.27, 1.79) respectively. Most likely to adhere to 2008 guidelines were respondents aged 45-64 and 65+ years and older (OR=1.12, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.22) and (OR=1.25, 95% CI: 1.10, 1.41) respectively, and those educated at bachelor’s level and higher (OR=1.27, 95% CI: 1.16, 1.43), compared to grades K-12 (reference). Differences in 1995 and 2008 physical activity criteria resulted in differences in adherence, with greater adherence to the 2008 guidelines. Adults should be encouraged to participate in at least 150 minutes of moderate exercise or 75 minutes of vigorous exercise weekly to meet recommended physical activity guidelines.","PeriodicalId":92549,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49330303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement of Physical Activity in Adults with Muscular Dystrophy: A Systematic Review","authors":"Sarah F Roberts-Lewis, M. Rose, C. White, F. Seedat","doi":"10.12691/JPAR-4-1-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/JPAR-4-1-1","url":null,"abstract":"There is little consensus about measurement of physical activity in adults with muscular dystrophy. This systematic review summarizes evidence for measurement properties of direct and indirect measures of physical activity in adults with muscular dystrophy. A two-phase search for peer-reviewed articles identified firstly, studies which measured physical activity in this population and secondly, studies reporting the measurement properties of activity measures. Methodological quality was assessed using COSMIN guidelines and a best evidence synthesis conducted. Phase 1 included 53 studies identifying 63 measures including accelerometers, direct observation, heartrate monitors, calorimetry, positional sensors, activity diaries, single scales and questionnaires. Phase 2 included 26 studies of measurement properties for 32 measures. Methodological quality of the included studies was low, only 2 were rated good. There was insufficient evidence to robustly recommend any physical activity measures and further research is required to validate measures of physical activity for adults with muscular dystrophy. Based on the findings of this review, measures with potential for further study have been highlighted.","PeriodicalId":92549,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42179891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical Intensity of Movement along Horizontal, Vertical, and Lateral Climbing Planes","authors":"B. Woodman, K. Mathias, James De Paepe, M. Adler, Brian Mc Gladrey","doi":"10.12691/JPAR-3-2-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/JPAR-3-2-10","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to determine the physical intensity levels and differences between the horizontal, vertical, and lateral planes of movement during indoor climbing for high school students. Subjects were 27 adolescents (male=22, female=5) aged 14-18. Participants wore an ActiGraph GT3X accelerometer during two different 5-minute climbing sessions that took place on a vertical/horizontal climbing wall. The intensity of their climbing was determined using the ActiLife 6 software, as well as the Freedson (2005) cut-points. The data revealed that the subjects performed moderate to very vigorous exercise 56% of the time during climbing, and that there were statistically significant intensity differences between the three planes examined. Subjects of this study worked harder during lateral movement than during vertical or horizontal movements. The lateral plane refers to the climber’s movements towards and away from the wall, typically for stabilization. These results suggest that a large portion of intensity while climbing did not come from how fast or how far subjects climbed, but rather by simply staying on the wall.","PeriodicalId":92549,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48686766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the Relationship between Physical Activity and Student Achievement and Behavior: Results from a Three-Year Intervention","authors":"Dick Carpenter, Cheryl Kelly, T. Behrens, Julaine E. Field, Carmen Luna, Elizabeth Tucker","doi":"10.12691/JPAR-3-2-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/JPAR-3-2-8","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the relationship between physical activity (PA) levels and academic achievement and student behavior in schools that completed a three-year initiative to increase and improve PA for students. Using difference-in-difference and discontinuity analyses, we find schools that participated in a PA intervention saw greater academic achievement during the three years of PA programming as compared to non-participating schools. The significant effects of the intervention were realized during the first year of programming; subsequent years saw stable achievement but not significant growth. There did not, however, appear to be differences in maladaptive student behavior between schools based on participation in the PA intervention.","PeriodicalId":92549,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42064907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hooked on Exercise: The Relationship between Exercise Addiction and Healthy Adherence in Collegiate Student-Athletes","authors":"Ksenia Berestetska, M. Sachs","doi":"10.12691/JPAR-3-2-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/JPAR-3-2-7","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Exercise addiction is a prevalent issue among NCAA student-athletes that is often undiagnosed. The effects of excessive exercise involvement include but are not limited to lack of recovery time, acquisition of overuse injuries, and development of eating disorders. In addition, exercise addiction can result in low athletic and academic performances, subsequent depression, and resistance to seek professional assistance. The study findings may aid athletic administration and coaching staff in developing appropriate training methods that would facilitate student-athletes’ healthy adherence to physical activity. Purpose: The purpose of the current study was to explore: a) the levels of Division I student-athletes’ physiological and psychological dependence on physical activity (exercise addiction); b) the frequency and duration of student-athletes’ voluntary physical activity, in addition to the NCAA required training time; c) the motivational factors behind student-athletes’ voluntary physical activity, and d) the relationship between student-athletes’ exercise dependence and their weekly hours of voluntary physical activity. Methods: In total, 106 NCAA Division I collegiate athletes completed the Exercise Dependence Scale (EDS-21) and reported the duration and frequency of physical activity performed in addition to the NCAA required training. Participants also indicated the motivating forces behind their voluntary physical activity. Multiple linear regression and ANOVA tests were conducted to establish statistical significance for the relationships of interest. Results: Findings indicated, out of 106 student-athletes, 14.2% of athletes were identified as exercise dependent, while 62.3% of athletes demonstrated withdrawal symptoms. Exercise dependent student-athletes engaged in up to 6 hours of weekly physical activity in addition to the required 20-hour physical training (M = 4.27, SD = 0.26). On the NCAA required day off, 63 student-athletes (59.43%) engaged in up to 2 hours of physical activity (M = 1.34, SD = 0.13). Improving athletic performance was the main motivation behind athletes’ voluntary physical activity. Further, the results of multiple linear regression and ANOVA revealed a strong positive relationship between student-athletes’ exercise dependence and their weekly hours of voluntary physical activity (F (1, 104) = 181.139, p < 0.001, R = 0.797). Thus, exercise dependent student-athletes engaged in much higher amounts of voluntary physical activity than symptomatic and asymptomatic student-athletes (Mean differences = 1.145 and 3.267 hours, respectively). Discussion: Athletic administration and coaching staff can shape athletes’ perceptions of healthy exercise habits and facilitate long-term healthy adherence to physical activity. Future research can examine the effectiveness of educational programs for exercise addiction prevention on student-athletes’ abilities to detect maladaptive exercise habits.","PeriodicalId":92549,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48884354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-term Effects of Whey, Creatine, and L-carnitine Supplementation on Muscle Hypertrophy Marker Candidates in Young Males: A Randomized Placebo-controlled Pilot Study","authors":"Bagus Sarmito, F. Kartawidjajaputra, A. Suwanto","doi":"10.12691/JPAR-3-2-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/JPAR-3-2-6","url":null,"abstract":"Previous research showed that resistance exercise could induce muscle development, noticeably from the increased level of several markers from blood samples. However, no study had been performed to explore the effect of combination of resistance exercise and proper nutrition supply on those markers. The aim of this study to investigate the effect of whey protein, creatine, and L-carnitine; on potential molecular markers of muscle hypertrophy (arg1 and mmp9) from blood samples. Twelve healthy male participants were randomly categorized into supplement (SUPP) or placebo (PLAC) treatment, and performed resistance training three times in a one-week period. Blood sampling was carried out before (day one) and 2 hours after the exercise (day one, day three and day five). The level of mmp9 gene expression was increased along with the progress of the resistance training program. Moreover, participants who received supplementation (SUPP) showed a higher level of mmp9 gene expression compared to resistance training only (PLAC). A significant difference was observed between two treatments in the first day, 2 hours after the resistance training session (p = .04); and between SUPP group on the fifth day, 2 hours after the resistance training; compared to the first day, before the resistance training session (p = .02). The effect was not observed on arg1 gene. A combination of resistance training with supplementation; was considered to enhance the muscle hypertrophy process, compared to resistance training only. The results also suggested that mmp9 could act as a blood-derived molecular marker of muscle hypertrophy.","PeriodicalId":92549,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity research","volume":"2019 36","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41331446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Feasibility Study Assessing a Culturally Relevant Physical Activity Intervention for Midlife Filipino Women","authors":"Aisha Bhimla, S. Razon, G. Ma, G. Salvatore, Julia Trout, M. Sachs","doi":"10.12691/jpar-3-2-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/jpar-3-2-5","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Regular participation in physical activity (PA) can prevent chronic disease and mental illness across the lifespan and during later adulthood. Few PA interventions have been implemented in underserved Filipino American women to address health related outcomes among this population. Purpose: This study assessed the effect of a culturally relevant community-based Zumba® program on anthropometrics, physical fitness, and exercise motivation among midlife Filipino women. Methods: We employed a single-group pretest-posttest design. Twenty-one female participants were recruited from Filipino community-based organizations (CBOs) in the Greater Philadelphia region. Sixteen female participants (N=16, M age = 55.88, SD = ± 9.479) completed the 8-week program, which consisted of attending three Zumba classes per week at the Filipino CBOs, which was led by a certified Zumba instructor of Filipino ethnicity. A paired samples t-test was conducted to detect the differences between the pre-and post-outcome measures. Results: A total of 16 out of 21 participants completed the intervention and the post-intervention assessment (76% retention rate). Adherence to the Zumba classes was 42.46% among participants who completed the post-intervention. With regards to pre- and post- primary outcome measures, there was a significant reduction in body weight (-3.18±2.61 lbs., p 2, p = 0.002), and increase in flexibility (1.93±3.22 cm, p = 0.035) among participants. There were no statistically significant differences in exercise motivation inventory (EMI-2) subscales, except affiliation scores increased among participants overall (-0.750±1.38, p = 0.047). Discussion: The incorporation of this community-based program can be a promising approach for potentially enhancing health outcomes for underserved Asian American populations such as Filipino Americans. Future research can examine the long-term impacts of Zumba and other exercise modalities for chronic disease prevention and management.","PeriodicalId":92549,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46071558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Brief Fitbit Use on Physical Activity & Cardiometabolic Risk","authors":"M. Adams, Chelsea Freleng","doi":"10.12691/JPAR-3-2-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/JPAR-3-2-4","url":null,"abstract":"Wrist-worn fitness trackers are popular consumer products, but few studies have documented their use as a stand-alone intervention tool. This study examined the effect of wearing the Fitbit Flex on moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sedentary behavior (SB), self-efficacy (SE), and cardiometabolic risk factors. Participants (n=28, m age = 50.5 yrs) wore the Fitbit for 3 weeks, then were randomly assigned to continue for 3 more weeks (6-week group) or discontinue use (3-week group). Participants were not physically active prior to the study. Accelerometers recorded weekly, work-week and weekend MVPA and SB at baseline and post. BMI, waist circumference, and blood pressure were measured baseline and post. A self-efficacy questionnaire was administered baseline, mid-point, and post. MVPA significantly increased in both groups. The 6-week group performed better on weekend MVPA. SB did not change. Waist circumference decreased significantly in both groups. Overall, there was no change in SE. However, the hypothesized pattern between groups was found. The 6-week group had a small increase in SE while the 3-week group declined non-significantly. Fitbit fitness trackers are effective at increasing MVPA and impact waist circumference, in as little as 6 weeks. However, the mechanism for behavior change is unclear and needs further study. This research is challenging as the features of fitness trackers are constantly changing.","PeriodicalId":92549,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45431270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge of Prenatal Exercise among Expectant Women from Selected Health Facilities, Kakamega County, Kenya","authors":"Edinah Sabiri, Micky Olutende Oloo, I. Wabuyabo, Vurigwa Esther","doi":"10.12691/jpar-3-1-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/jpar-3-1-9","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between exercise or physical activity and women reproductive health is a controversial issue especially characterized by lack of understanding on the type of physical activity or exercise and the exact effect on expectant women. This is evidenced by lack of medical guidelines on exercise in pregnancy up to 1985.The traditional medical view ruled out exercise for expectant mothers. The society in general prevented girls from participating in exercise for fear that it might compromise their potential as future mothers. However recent research show that exercise during pregnancy has benefits to the mother and foetus. Modern medicine appreciates that both expectant mothers need exercise for good health. The study assessed the knowledge and attitude of expectant mothers on benefits of exercise during pregnancy. A descriptive survey research design sought information from 306 expectant mothers of 15 -39 years attending antenatal clinics in selected medical facilities of Kakamega County in Kenya. Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect data from the subjects on maternal characteristics and knowledge on benefits of exercise during pregnancy. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the level of knowledge and perceived benefits of exercise during pregnancy. The results showed majority of the subjects were between 20-24 years (33.3%). 17% of the sampled population did not know that exercise was useful in pregnancy despite 71.6% having been active in sports while in school. The subjects showed knowledge of exercise in, preventing incontinence (80.4%), decreased risk of pre-eclampsia (71.6%) and decreasing the risk of gestational diabetes and hypertension at 65.7% and 68.6% respectively. The results indicated that there was strong association between the level of education and, knowledge (X2 (3, N=306) =39.109, p=0.02) in the role of exercise during pregnancy. Therefore it is important to note that the level of education is important for quality pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":92549,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47537478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exercise Prescription: Practices of Healthcare Professionals in Hospital Setting, Kenya","authors":"Micky Olutende Oloo, P. Bukhala, B. Wesonga","doi":"10.12691/JPAR-3-1-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/JPAR-3-1-8","url":null,"abstract":"Physical inactivity is a serious epidemic that affects one’s health and there’s evidence that exercise can improve quality of life and health. The healthcare setting has been recognized as an appropriate and promising venue for counseling and prescribing physical activity to increase activity index of the population. An exercise prescription from a healthcare professional will remind the patient that physical activity is part of their treatment plan and should be adhered to with the same diligence with which their medication is taken. However, limited research on the topic suggests that many healthcare professionals are not incorporating exercise into treatment, and many lack the confidence to do so. The purpose of this study was to evaluate current exercise prescription trends among practicing healthcare professionals in Kakamega County, Kenya. A cross-sectional study was carried out in public health facilities in Kakamega County. The target population was nurses, medical officers and clinical officers. Data was collected using self-administered questionnaires and a total of 280 healthcare professionals from 7 government hospitals in Kakamega county participated in the study. From these hospitals 221 healthcare professionals (medical officers=11,5%, nurses= 165,75% and clinical officers=71,32%) completed the questionnaire. Healthcare professionals (HCPs) reported that, they occasionally (n=75, 33.9%) referred patients to other professionals for fitness assessment or appraisal, they occasionally (n=78, 35.3%) provided patients with verbal directions for a physical activity program, they very rarely (n=73, 33%) provided patients with written directions for a physical activity program, they frequently (n=71 32.1%) counselled PA (verbal or written prescription) for purposes of preventing chronic disease, they occasionally (n=76, 34.4%) discussed about physical activity with their patients and 59 (26.7%) very rarely participated in exercise session at least three times a week. The independent between- group ANOVA yielded a non- statistically significantly effect, F (2, 218) = 1.132, p = .324, ƞp2= .01. Statistical power was not adequate and was equal to .248. Thus, the null hypothesis of no significant differences in knowledge of exercise prescription in health professionals at public health facilities in Kakamega was accepted. In conclusion these findings lend support for further training, increased incorporation, and further growth needed in healthcare professionals’ self-efficacy in the prescription of exercise.","PeriodicalId":92549,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45319067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}