{"title":"Therapeutic Approaches to Radiation-Induced Fibrosis.","authors":"Edward J Macarak, Joel Rosenbloom","doi":"10.29245/2578-2967/2018/4.1144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29245/2578-2967/2018/4.1144","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Radiation induced fibrosis (RIF) is a common morbidity in patients being treated for cancer with radiation. Off-target effects result in intense inflammatory responses which ultimately results in the generation of extracellular matrix (ECM) producing myofibroblasts which mediate a progressive fibrosis resulting in scarring and organ and tissue dysfunction. Unfortunately, currently, there are no effective therapies to block the excess accumulation of ECM. We have previously reported on the use of trametinib, a MEK inhibitor, to essentially block the formation of abdominal adhesions in a mouse model of cecal abrasion. Using this drug in the mouse model, the complete <i>trans-differentiation</i> of precursor cells into ECM-producing myofibroblasts was blocked. Trametinib is a potentially powerful drug to thwart organ and tissue fibrosis in RIF because it has a potential dual function in that it may block RIF as well as prevent radiation-resistance. Given the intractability of RIF, trametinib should be considered for more extensive testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":92397,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer treatment & diagnosis","volume":"2 4","pages":"7-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/de/c2/nihms-1014066.PMC6445548.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37123572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Review of Web Portal Use by Oncology Patients.","authors":"Steven S Coughlin, Lee Caplan, Lufei Young","doi":"10.29245/2578-2967/2018/6.1154","DOIUrl":"10.29245/2578-2967/2018/6.1154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patient portals and other Internet-based technologies have been increasingly used to improve cancer care coordination. Patient portals may introduce special considerations in oncology populations where longitudinal outpatient care is often more intensive than in most other specialties.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This article, which is based upon bibliographic searches in PubMed, reviews the literature on web portal use by cancer patients. Articles published in English from 2000 to August 2018 were identified using the following MeSH search terms and Boolean algebra commands: web portal AND cancer. Information obtained from bibliographic searches (title and topic of article, information in abstract, and keywords) was used to determine whether to retain each article identified in this way.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 263 article citations were identified in the bibliographic searches. Of these, 10 met the eligibility criteria. A variety of study designs were used including focus groups, usability testing, in-person interviews, questionnaire surveys, retrospective cohort, and non-randomized trial. Cancer patients had reached modest levels of portal use. Increased portal use has been associated with younger age, white race, and higher socioeconomic status. Most cancer patients used portals to look up testing results and provide notes, but had difficulty in interpreting the results appropriately.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study adds to the growing evidence that patient portals play a significant role in promoting self-management in cancer survivors. Additional studies are needed to determine factors influencing portal use, so effective interventions can be developed to enhance portal use.</p>","PeriodicalId":92397,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer treatment & diagnosis","volume":"2 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6342494/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36895230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Steven S Coughlin, Valerie Williams, Nicole Moore, Deborah Bowen, Judith Anglin, Nadine Mansur, Gianluca De Leo
{"title":"The Augusta, Georgia Breast Cancer Survivor Study.","authors":"Steven S Coughlin, Valerie Williams, Nicole Moore, Deborah Bowen, Judith Anglin, Nadine Mansur, Gianluca De Leo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Several studies have provided important information about health conditions and other challenges faced by women diagnosed with breast cancer and how they can improve their quality of life and reduce their risk of cancer recurrence. Although African American and Hispanic breast cancer patients have a poorer survival than their white counterparts, few studies have compared the experiences of African American, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic white breast cancer survivors.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To facilitate collaborative studies on breast cancer survivorship in a multicultural population, including future intervention research on nutrition, and physical activity, and clinical substudies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cohort study consists of a postal survey of up to 1,000 women with a history of a breast cancer diagnosis who reside in Augusta-Richmond County, Georgia, USA, and a repeat survey in 4 to 5 years to obtain longitudinal data. The follow-up survey in 4 to 5 years will allow for longitudinal changes in health to be assessed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The survey will provide a comprehensive picture of the health of breast cancer survivors, across the lifespan, in a large Southern city. A broad range of health issues will be addressed including physical activity, diet, nutrition, personal and family history of cancer, quality-of-life, psychosocial concerns, and beliefs about cancer recurrence risk reduction through lifestyle changes. Through its longitudinal design, the study will also provide important information about changes in physical and mental health as breast cancer survivors advance in age.</p>","PeriodicalId":92397,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer treatment & diagnosis","volume":"2 3","pages":"10-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6183059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36585742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Commentary: \"Aptamer-functionalized hybrid nanoparticle for the treatment of breast cancer\".","authors":"Ronise Evans","doi":"10.29245/2578-2967/2018/1.1103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29245/2578-2967/2018/1.1103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The major theme throughout this paper was solving the problem of multidrug resistance (MDR) in chemotherapeutic remediation for breast cancer patients by an aptamer-labeled hybrid nanoparticle to enhance selective delivery of siRNA into tumor cells and produce an enhanced knock-down of P-glycoprotein (P-gp); which was detected mainly by western blot. The primary focus of this study was to know whether labeling nanoparticles with a cancer cell specific aptamer could enhance selective delivery of siRNA into tumor cells leading to enhanced knock-down of P-glycoprotein or P-gp as compared to non-labeled nanoparticles. The goal is to minimize cancerous gene expression by silencing its mRNA. Target specificity is not only key in completing this goal, but it is also necessary regarding, biodegradability, cytotoxicity and immune response. To accomplish this goal, the design methods had to be meticulous and carefully researched and applied.</p>","PeriodicalId":92397,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer treatment & diagnosis","volume":"1 2","pages":"16-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6485932/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37192450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}