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Concomitant in Vivo Voltammetric and Electrophysiological Analysis Indicate that Nociceptin/Orphanin FQ Affects Dopamine and then Serotonin Activities in Brain Substancia Nigra. 同时的体内伏安和电生理分析表明，痛觉啡肽/孤啡肽FQ影响脑黑质多巴胺和血清素的活性。
International physiology journal Pub Date : 2019-04-23 DOI: 10.14302/ISSN.2578-8590.IPJ-19-2772
F. Crespi
{"title":"Concomitant in Vivo Voltammetric and Electrophysiological Analysis Indicate that Nociceptin/Orphanin FQ Affects Dopamine and then Serotonin Activities in Brain Substancia Nigra.","authors":"F. Crespi","doi":"10.14302/ISSN.2578-8590.IPJ-19-2772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14302/ISSN.2578-8590.IPJ-19-2772","url":null,"abstract":"Nociceptin/orphanin-FQ (NOCI) together with its receptor NOP are widely expressed in cortical and subcortical motor areas and it is known that NOCI acts as an anxiolytic attenuating the behavioral inhibition of animals acutely exposed to stressful/anxiogenic conditions.\u0000\u0000Influence of NOCI upon the dopaminergic system has been observed in the ventral tegmental area and in the nucleus accumbens as well as an inhibitory action of NOCI is described upon serotoninergic mechanisms at cells and terminal levels. In particular, it is known that serotoninergic fibers from the raphe system project to the substancia nigra (SN) and that this modulation is behaviourally relevant.\u0000\u0000In the present work, the effect of exogenous NOCI injected into the SN upon DA and 5-HT levels have been analyzed by means of differential pulse voltammetry and nafion-carbon fiber microelectrodes. Electrophysiological monitoring of multicell activity was concomitantly performed with the same microsensor.\u0000\u0000It appeared that both levels of these biogenic amines were specularly altered, with possibly a driving influence of the DA activity upon the serotoninergic function(s).","PeriodicalId":92387,"journal":{"name":"International physiology journal","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87207706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
To Activate the Brain, Activate the Body First 要激活大脑，先激活身体
International physiology journal Pub Date : 2019-02-26 DOI: 10.14302/ISSN.2578-8590.IPJ-19-2679
N. Habibzadeh
{"title":"To Activate the Brain, Activate the Body First","authors":"N. Habibzadeh","doi":"10.14302/ISSN.2578-8590.IPJ-19-2679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14302/ISSN.2578-8590.IPJ-19-2679","url":null,"abstract":"The brain is the most complex organ which governs almost all activities in human body. Thus, the mental fitness has high level of importance in every day workouts. The good activities for long-term brain health include performing regular exercises such as a simple walking for 10 min at each day. More importantly having good level of diet can keep the brain workouts in an ideal situation. Indeed, taking enough rest can enhance the brain performances. Listening to the desirable sound of music could also enhance concentration and improve the mood. In overall, these aforementioned life style modifications significantly can easily boost the brain power and its healthy function through different aspects in daily life.","PeriodicalId":92387,"journal":{"name":"International physiology journal","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72789727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Brain Fatigue is a Critical Issue 大脑疲劳是一个关键问题
International physiology journal Pub Date : 2019-02-12 DOI: 10.14302/ISSN.2578-8590.IPJ-19-2653
N. Habibzadeh, D. Wood
{"title":"Brain Fatigue is a Critical Issue","authors":"N. Habibzadeh, D. Wood","doi":"10.14302/ISSN.2578-8590.IPJ-19-2653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14302/ISSN.2578-8590.IPJ-19-2653","url":null,"abstract":"The brain is one of the most complicated body segments which processes almost all activities in human body. Excessive physical and mental overloads can cause brain fatigue and may put the brain health at risk of various disorders. Strategies such as reducing the workloads and performing mediation and walking provide opportunities for brain to relax and reconstruct its capability again.","PeriodicalId":92387,"journal":{"name":"International physiology journal","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81300935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of Neosaxitoxin on Epidural Anesthesia in Cats: a Promising Alternative to Conventional Anesthetics 新沙曲霉毒素对猫硬膜外麻醉的影响:一种有希望替代传统麻醉药的药物
International physiology journal Pub Date : 2019-02-07 DOI: 10.14302/ISSN.2578-8590.IPJ-19-2623
X. Varela, M. Campo, R. Piron, J. Sepúlveda, Tamara Bustamante, J. Hinzpeter, N. Lagos
{"title":"Effect of Neosaxitoxin on Epidural Anesthesia in Cats: a Promising Alternative to Conventional Anesthetics","authors":"X. Varela, M. Campo, R. Piron, J. Sepúlveda, Tamara Bustamante, J. Hinzpeter, N. Lagos","doi":"10.14302/ISSN.2578-8590.IPJ-19-2623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14302/ISSN.2578-8590.IPJ-19-2623","url":null,"abstract":"Neosaxitoxin (NeoSTX) is a specific high-affinity inhibitor of voltage-dependent sodium channels, which has shown excellent results as a local anesthetic in various pathologies and post-operative protocols, since it effect is long-lasting and have virtually no side effects.The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of NeoSTX as an epidural anesthetic in female cats, undergoing ovariohysterectomy, compared to Lidocaine in a randomized and double-blind study. Two groups of 11 female cats were randomly in the NeoSTX group and the lidocaine group. They were administered, respectively, a single dose of NeoSTX (0.5 μg / kg) or lidocaine (4 mg / kg, 2%) by epidural via. Using the UNESP-Botucatu pain assessment scale, which considers multiple behavioral and physiological factors, the epidural anesthetic effect of NeoSTX and lidocaine was evaluated, up to 240 min after the ovariohysterectomy procedure. NeoSTX no altered the peripheral blood pressure during the cut of uterine cervix, and generated lower values on the pain scale as compared to the lidocaine treatment. None of the cats anesthetized with NeoSTX required an extra dose of pain-relieving drugs (2 mg / kg of tramadol) during the first 150 min after surgery, whereas nine cats from the lidocaine group did need an extra dose of analgesic. NeoSTX is a powerful pain blocker, with a long-lasting anesthetic effect when administered by an epidural procedure. Therefore, NeoSTX emerges as a promising alternative to conventional anesthetics for the treatment of postoperative pain.","PeriodicalId":92387,"journal":{"name":"International physiology journal","volume":"237 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77275632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Swimming Critical Velocity Physiological Meaning is Affected by Testing Distances 游泳临界速度的生理意义受测试距离的影响
International physiology journal Pub Date : 2018-12-21 DOI: 10.14302/ISSN.2578-8590.IPJ-18-2556
Ricardo Fernandes
{"title":"Swimming Critical Velocity Physiological Meaning is Affected by Testing Distances","authors":"Ricardo Fernandes","doi":"10.14302/ISSN.2578-8590.IPJ-18-2556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14302/ISSN.2578-8590.IPJ-18-2556","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92387,"journal":{"name":"International physiology journal","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74304011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The Pineal Hypothesis for Drug Dependence 药物依赖的松果体假说
International physiology journal Pub Date : 2018-12-18 DOI: 10.14302/ISSN.2578-8590.IPJ-18-2524
F. Crespi
{"title":"The Pineal Hypothesis for Drug Dependence","authors":"F. Crespi","doi":"10.14302/ISSN.2578-8590.IPJ-18-2524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14302/ISSN.2578-8590.IPJ-18-2524","url":null,"abstract":"The pineal gland constitutes a major neuroendocrine organ in the brain. By mean of its neurohormone melatonin it transduces exogenous signals such as circadian and seasonal variations of light and temperature into proper hormonal changes which adjust and adapt internal endocrine functions. Alteration of circadian rhythms has been associated with affective disorders, psychosomatic diseases and cancer. It has been observed that light deprivation, which stimulates (the enzymes responsible for) melatonin production in the pineal, enhances the animal's ethanol preference. Similarly, administration of the pineal hormone to rats maintained under normal conditions of constant photoperiod also induced ethanol drinking. Our hypothesis is that in normal conditions melatonin might be acting as a cerebral \"pacemaker\", sensitive to endogenous as well as exogenous stimuli in the attempt to maintain an equilibrate circadian interaction between the cerebral activities of endogenous aminergic and opiates systems. Abnormal states (i.e. drug abuse) could result in altered pineal activity, then in rhythmically altered functions of cerebral opiates and/or monoamine neurotransmitters. This may led to the development of a “reward - urge for drug rhythm” resulting in craving, ending in addiction.","PeriodicalId":92387,"journal":{"name":"International physiology journal","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84326823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Why Physiologically Cold weather can Increase Obesity Rates? 寒冷的天气会增加肥胖率?
International physiology journal Pub Date : 2018-12-16 DOI: 10.14302/ISSN.2578-8590.IPJ-18-2548
N. Habibzadeh
{"title":"Why Physiologically Cold weather can Increase Obesity Rates?","authors":"N. Habibzadeh","doi":"10.14302/ISSN.2578-8590.IPJ-18-2548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14302/ISSN.2578-8590.IPJ-18-2548","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity generally accounts for a pathophysiology condition at which excessive body fats get accumulated in body parts. Among different - causes, ambient temperature such as cold environment can dramatically develop obesity in different individual. Cold weather influences the hormones that are related to the hunger and increases appetite toward overeating and subsequently inactivity . Controlling the calorie intakes through informative care are good strategies to prevent or govern obesity at any situation such as cold temperature","PeriodicalId":92387,"journal":{"name":"International physiology journal","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78101962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Why People With Liver (or hepatic ) Cancer Should Die in Short - Time? 为什么肝癌患者会在短时间内死亡?
International physiology journal Pub Date : 2018-12-14 DOI: 10.14302/ISSN.2578-8590.IPJ-18-2547
N. Habibzadeh
{"title":"Why People With Liver (or hepatic ) Cancer Should Die in Short - Time?","authors":"N. Habibzadeh","doi":"10.14302/ISSN.2578-8590.IPJ-18-2547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14302/ISSN.2578-8590.IPJ-18-2547","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92387,"journal":{"name":"International physiology journal","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84693937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dose Physiologically Performing Vigorous Exercises Good for Body Over Time 长期进行剧烈运动对身体有益
International physiology journal Pub Date : 2018-12-14 DOI: 10.14302/ISSN.2578-8590.IPJ-18-2544
N. Habibzadeh
{"title":"Dose Physiologically Performing Vigorous Exercises Good for Body Over Time","authors":"N. Habibzadeh","doi":"10.14302/ISSN.2578-8590.IPJ-18-2544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14302/ISSN.2578-8590.IPJ-18-2544","url":null,"abstract":"The body physiological responses to the exercise paradigms rely on the exercise volume (or pace rate) and exercise duration. During exercise the glycolysis , fat metabolisms and oxygen consumption increase to meet exercise demands that is accompanied with enhanced cardiac and respiratory systems workouts . The body temperature is also dramatically will raise. Depending on the exercise intensity rates ,there are some physical stress on bones and musculature systems [1].","PeriodicalId":92387,"journal":{"name":"International physiology journal","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78980159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dose Body Mass Index (BMI) Fit to Muscular Individual? 身体质量指数(BMI)是否适合肌肉发达的个体?
International physiology journal Pub Date : 2018-12-12 DOI: 10.14302/ISSN.2578-8590.IPJ-18-2532
N. Habibzadeh
{"title":"Dose Body Mass Index (BMI) Fit to Muscular Individual?","authors":"N. Habibzadeh","doi":"10.14302/ISSN.2578-8590.IPJ-18-2532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14302/ISSN.2578-8590.IPJ-18-2532","url":null,"abstract":"Body mass index (BMI) seemingly is an important scale for the body types determination in individual with different ethnicity. Accordingly, individual with BMI< 18.5 are classified as slim or underweight and people with BMI between 18.5 -24.9 are called normal body types. Subsequently, those individual with BMI between 25-29.9 are categorized as overweight and people with BMI > 30 are classified as obese people. Nonetheless, important question is where the muscular individual are located in this BMI scale ? Macular induvial also called overweight or obese in BMI scale which can create kind of confusion for induvial because the might try to lose weight whilst they do not actually need it. Thus ,it seems BMI measure is not sensible measure for muscular induvial as otherwise the can be at risk of health problems in various ways. Uses of the another apparatus such an ordinary weight scale or computational devices which could estimate the body type according to the BMI more accurately can be helpful.","PeriodicalId":92387,"journal":{"name":"International physiology journal","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80234648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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