Global journal of reproductive medicine最新文献

{"title":"Male Infertility and Varicocele: An Update","authors":"S. Krishnamoorthy","doi":"10.19080/gjorm.2020.07.555725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/gjorm.2020.07.555725","url":null,"abstract":"Varicocele is the dilatation of the pampiniform plexuses. It is a treatable cause of infertility. The incidence is higher in infertile men, ranging from 35-80%. Although various mechanisms are postulated for the formation of varicocele, the pathological mechanisms by which varicocele causes sperm dysfunction are oxidative stress, testicular hypoperfusion, and heat stress. Various studies have documented venular and testicular architectural changes secondary to varicocele. Varicocele repair in the management of male infertility had been controversial. Recent randomized controlled trials have shown that many of these factors are reversible following varicocele repair and it results in a definitive improvement in sperm DNA fragmentation and semen parameters. Several meta-analyses and RCTs have shown that following varicocele repair, there is a statically significant improvement in both pregnancy rates and live birth rates. Even in the era of assisted reproductive technology, varicocele repair helps to resort to lesser invasive techniques with better pregnancy rates and live birth rates. The outcome of assisted reproductive technology also improves following varicocele repair. This also results in cost-effectiveness in achieving pregnancy. There are many techniques for varicocele repair. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials has been done to identify the best technique in terms of semen parameter improvement and post-operative recovery. Most techniques result in similar improvement of semen parameters, but the complication rate is the least with micro- sub inguinal varicocelectomy. The use of intraoperative doppler also helps in the identification of all branches of the testicular artery.","PeriodicalId":92369,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of reproductive medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41473449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Amniotic Fluid Index in Prediction of Fetal Distress During Labor in Uncomplicated Pregnancies at 40 Weeks and Beyond","authors":"Semenova Er","doi":"10.19080/gjorm.2020.07.555724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/gjorm.2020.07.555724","url":null,"abstract":"An indirect estimate of the amount of amniotic fluid has long been included in all protocols of ultrasound findings as an indirect characteristic of the fetus. A decrease in the amount of amniotic fluid in periods of more than 40 weeks of pregnancy in the absence of an earlier detected pathology on the part of the fetus and mother is presumably a sign of worsening uteroplacental blood flow. This concept was proposed by some studies of dopplerometry of the renal arteries in fetuses with a reduced amount of amniotic fluid [1,2]. Other studies have not confirmed this fact, suggesting that the cause of oligohydramnios is rather a reduced fetal weight than redistribution of its blood flow [3]. Traditionally, oligohydramnios is associated with a high risk for the fetus in childbirth [4,5]. This may be the result of compression of the umbilical cord or potential placental insufficiency. There are many publications on the association of poor perinatal outcome and oligohydramnios [6-8]. Chauhan et al, [6] in a meta-analysis of 18 studies involving 10 551 patients, demonstrated that antenatal and intrapartum values of the amniotic index less than 5 cm were associated with a significant risk of caesarean section or fetal distress and low Apgar scores at 5 minutes [6]. Unfortunately, this review, like many other similar publications relating to the association of oligohydramnios and perinatal outcomes, is not randomized and not coordinated according to the control groups of patients, inclusion groups, which can distort the overall picture. And only one of the above studies includes a randomized study of the amniotic index in women in labor [7]. It is logical to assume that these data can be extrapolated to similar situations in nulliparous women. Similarly, Casey et al. [8]. conducted a retrospective study of 6423 patients with a gestational age of more than 34 weeks and an amniotic index of 5 cm. Low water was detected in 2.3% of cases and in most cases is associated with induction of labor, stillbirth, aspiration of meconium and neonatal mortality. There are studies with polar opposite results. Magann et al, [9] found that AI is a poor prognostic test for identifying pregnant women at risk for adverse perinatal outcomes. Rainford et al, [10] indicate a lack of correlation between AI indicators and the level of operational activity due to fetal distress, the number of newborns in need of mechanical ventilation of the newborn, and low Apgar scores. A study by Conway et al, [11] hypothesizes that isolated oligohydramnios during normal pregnancy is not associated with a decrease in the compensatory abilities of the fetus. The pathogenesis of oligohydramnios during pregnancy over 40 weeks, as well as the relationship of this indicator with the outcome of childbirth, is not well understood. What is the Abstract","PeriodicalId":92369,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of reproductive medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45998208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GC-MS and HPLC Analysis of Chlorophytum Borivilianum (Safed Musli) A Plant from Ayurveda- Herbal Viagra","authors":"R. Sisodia","doi":"10.19080/gjorm.2020.07.555723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/gjorm.2020.07.555723","url":null,"abstract":"Chlorophytum borivilianum belongs to family Liliaceae Which is an herb found in the tropical wet forests in peninsular India. It is commonly called as Musli or Safed Musli in Hindi language. In the Ayurvedic literature, Safed Musli is celebrated as a Divya Aushad with unparalleled medicinal properties and therapeutic applications. It is considered an elixir to increase the general body immunity and has been reported to possess several biological activities including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, hepato protective, antioxidant, hypolipidemic and anti-diabetic [1] thus also known as ‘white gold’ [2] Its aphrodisiac properties have proved very much useful for the people suffering from Erectile Dysfunction and to increase male potency, it is extensively used as herbal Viagra due to its peculiar and It has sperm atogenic property helps cure impotency as they are rich in glycosides [3] Safed Musli Which is also gaining increasing acceptance as a vitalizer and health-giving tonic, acurative for pre-natal and post-natal problems, a restorative for immunity-improvement. The recent discovery of Safed Musli as a natural and safe aphrodisiac agent has also opened up new channels of application and new demand for it. Safed Musli is a herb and is also an ideal aphrodisiac with no negative side-effects associated with chemical-based aphrodisiac. Roots are claimed to be useful to treat oligospermia, preand postnatal symptoms, arthritis, diabetes and dysuria [4]. It is a threatened species and named ‘Chlorophytum’ due to the white milky texture of its tubers after peeling. Since ages, tribal communities in India used Safed Musli for enhancing their virility and thus due to its overexploitation it has reached the rare status in nature. It is used for rheumatism and joint pains, increases lactation in feeding mothers, diarrhoea, dysentery, gonorrhoea, leucorrhea etc. Its root contains steroidal and triterpenoid saponins, sapogenins and fructans which act as therapeutic agents and play a vital role in many therapeutic applications. It is a rich source of over 25 alkaloids, vitamins, proteins, carbohydrates, steroids, saponins, potassium, calcium, magnesium, phenol, resins, mucilage, and polysaccharides and also contains a high quantity of simple sugars, mainly sucrose, glucose, fructose, galactose, mannose and xylose [5]. Steroidal saponins, polysaccharides, fructans and fructo oligosaccharides, Beta-sitosterol, stigmasterol, hecogenin and mucilage are major constituents of C. Borivilianum that act as therapeutic agents.The in vitro propagated roots were tested for the production of pharmaceutically important secondary metabolites stigmasterol and hecogenin. A maximum of 46.4 Abstract","PeriodicalId":92369,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of reproductive medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46672683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"True vs Spurious Intrapartum Fetal Heart Rate Accelerations on the Cardiotocograph (CTG): An Urgent Need for Caution","authors":"E. Chandraharan","doi":"10.19080/gjorm.2019.07.555722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/gjorm.2019.07.555722","url":null,"abstract":"Transient increases in the fetal heart rate called “accelerations” on the cardiotocograph (CTG) trace during the intra partum period have been considered as ‘hallmarks’ of fetal wellbeing during labour. Several CTG guidelines have classified the fetal heart rate acceleration as a ‘reassuring feature”. The latest version of the Intra partum Fetal Heart Rate Monitoring Guidelines produced by the National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) in the UK states “the presence of fetal heart rate accelerations, even with reduced baseline variability, is generally a sign that the baby is healthy.","PeriodicalId":92369,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of reproductive medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42828422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Women Who Take Low-Dose Combined Oral Contraceptives have Greater Triglycerides to High Density Lipoprotein Ratio than Those Who do not Use","authors":"Santana do Sacramento","doi":"10.19080/gjorm.2019.07.555721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/gjorm.2019.07.555721","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92369,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of reproductive medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44833221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Women Who Take Low-Dose Combined Oral Contraceptives have Greater Triglycerides to High Density Lipoprotein Ratio than Those Who do not Use","authors":"antana do Sacramento","doi":"10.19080/gjorm.2020.07.555721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/gjorm.2020.07.555721","url":null,"abstract":"The use of contraceptive methods for family planning has grown over the years among women of reproductive age (15-49 years old). In an exploratory analysis by using the United Nations Population Division database, the prevalence of contraceptive strategies worldwide increased from 55 percent up to 63 percent between 1990 and 2010 [1]. Among the reversible methods, oral contraceptives are presented as the most commonly used strategy for family planning. In Brazil, it is estimated that 27% of women including all social classes use some type of oral Abstract","PeriodicalId":92369,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of reproductive medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43878221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Latent Female Genital Tuberculosis Causes Tubal Defect Leading to Infertility","authors":"S. Chatterjee","doi":"10.19080/gjorm.2020.07.555718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/gjorm.2020.07.555718","url":null,"abstract":"Latent genital tuberculosis (LGTB) is commonly asymptomatic, and it is usually diagnosed during infertility investigations. Despite of recent advances in imaging tools, such as computerized tomography (CT) scan, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasonography, hysterosalpingography (HSG) is still considered as the standard screening test for evaluation of tubal factor infertility and a valuable tool for diagnosis of latent female genital tuberculosis. Various appearances on HSG from non-specific changes to specific findings have been detected in women with female genital tuberculosis (FGTB). The main objective of the present study was to establish the role of LGTB in causing minor tubal defects leading to tubal factor infertility in 423 infertile women from January 2016- December 2018 at our institute. These patients had undergone DNA-PCR test (polymerase chain reaction) for screening of LGTB, HSG in between Day 6 – Day 12 of cycle and then had had subsequent treatment with anti-tubercular drugs (ATD) with or without laparoscopy. The Clinical pregnancy rate, miscarriage rate and live birth rate after treatment were analyzed and were found to be statistically significant when compared among groups of women who were treated with ATD; treated with ATD and laparoscopy and those who were treated with laparoscopy alone (PCR negative) .","PeriodicalId":92369,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of reproductive medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41520762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are Urologic Cell Phone Medical Applications in China’s Market Available in Clinical Practice at Present? A Research based on Android System","authors":"Yuntian Chen","doi":"10.19080/gjorm.2019.07.555716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/gjorm.2019.07.555716","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To find out the current situation about cellphone telemedicine in China, cellphone telemedicine for urology being analyzed specifically. Methods: An online research on Android medical apps was conducted with google play app store. Medical apps met inclusion criteria were recorded and analyzed. Medical apps for urology were specially studied. Result: General medical apps and urology-specific apps could both be divided into following groups with following numbers and proportions: for patients (239, 45.5% vs. 35, 50.0%), for doctor-patient interaction (DPI) (17, 3.2% vs. 4, 5.7%), for doctors (169, 32.2% vs. 23, 32.9%) and for medical education (100, 19.0% vs. 8, 11.4%). “For patients” and “for doctors’ group could be further divided by app functions. Conclusion: Functions of medical apps in China’s market have already covered a large range of fields. Apps facing single group of users, either patients or doctors, take the majority and can be useful in some clinical practice. Apps for doctor-patient interaction are still far from sufficient and perfect and development should be achieved in both amount and function. Further studies should be conducted on cost-effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":92369,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of reproductive medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43523163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging Health Problems among Reproductive Mothers in Abakaliki Urban of Ebonyi State: Implication for Sustainable Development","authors":"MaryJoy Umoke","doi":"10.19080/gjorm.2019.07.555715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/gjorm.2019.07.555715","url":null,"abstract":"Reproductive women are currently faced with a lot of health challenges which can be life threatening leading to high maternal morbidity and mortality thus, defeating one of the sustainable development goals (SDGs) of reducing global maternal mortality ratio to less than 70 per 100, 000 live births. This study investigated the emerging health problems among reproductive mothers in Abakaliki urban of Ebonyi State. The descriptive Survey research design was adopted using a population of all reproductive mothers in Abakaliki Urban of Ebonyi State. Samples of 150 pregnant and nursing mothers respectively were selected through purposive sampling method. The Instrument for data collection was a self-constructed health problem among reproductive mothers’ questionnaire (HPARMQ). Results of the study revealed physical, social and economic health problems being experienced by the reproductive mothers. Age (p=0.43), location (p=0.704) and parity (0.276) are not significantly associated with high health problems during pregnancy. The study concluded that reproductive mothers in Abakaliki Urban had physical, social and economic health problems bordering their lives. These call for quick and urgent health education intervention and treatment for the women to avert further spread and danger posed by the health problems. The study recommended among others that government at all levels in collaboration with the ministry of health should organize periodic health education seminars for reproductive mothers in order to sensitize them concerning the prevailing health problems, prevention and control for their optimal health that wi1ll contribute to National growth and development.","PeriodicalId":92369,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of reproductive medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46468651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endometriosis and Microbiota: Is there a Relationship with the Perinatal Period?","authors":"M. Bardi","doi":"10.19080/gjorm.2019.07.555713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/gjorm.2019.07.555713","url":null,"abstract":"The gut microbiota is a complex community of bacteria residing in the intestine. Animal models have demonstrated that several factors contribute to and can significantly alter the composition of the gut microbiota, including genetics; the mode of delivery at birth; the method of infant feeding; the use of medications, especially antibiotics; and the diet. The intestinal microflora provides a strong defense against intestinal pathogens and may be altered in inflammatory conditions that impact the gut, such as endometriosis. This research is in the form of a quantitative study aimed at discovering the relationship with development of the intestinal microbiome in the perinatal period and the impact of these microbiota on the local endometrial microenvironment as these mechanisms may influence gynecologic health outcomes and onset of endometriosis. We hypothesized that disease-specific changes of gut microbiota in patients with endometriosis may a provide new insights for psychological intervention, to improving the prognosis of endometriosis patients.","PeriodicalId":92369,"journal":{"name":"Global journal of reproductive medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47445209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}