Progress in preventive medicine (New York, N.Y.)最新文献

{"title":"Toward Prevention of Adverse Events Using Anticipatory Analytics","authors":"J. Norman, A. Akhavan, Chen Shen, D. Aron, Luci K. Leykum, Y. Bar-Yam","doi":"10.1097/pp9.0000000000000029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/pp9.0000000000000029","url":null,"abstract":"Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Introduction: Electronic Medical Records provide new opportunities for studying the historical condition and dynamics of individual patients and populations to enable new insights that may lead to improved care and treatment. Diabetes is a prime target for new analyses as it is a chronic condition that affects 1 in 10 of the U.S. adult population and causes substantial disability and loss of life. Methods: We take typical physiological measures from 3 healthcare appointments of 1,711 diabetic patients and extract combined measures that capture the overall conditions of patients and the structure of the population. Further, we examined the dynamics of individual patients across appointments in this combined measure space and examined regions associated with variability in clinical measures. Results: Our results suggest that the dynamics of standard measures may aid evaluation of the risk of adverse events, and their utility should be tested in medical trials. Conclusions: Dynamic variability of vital signs and standard measures may reflect a loss of homeostasis, associated physiological instability, and potential for adverse events that can be estimated using the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":92284,"journal":{"name":"Progress in preventive medicine (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"1 1","pages":"e0029"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44571323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-sectional Study on the Knowledge and Prevalence of PCOS at a Multiethnic University","authors":"Manisha Rao","doi":"10.1097/pp9.0000000000000028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/pp9.0000000000000028","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex, poorly understood, and underdiagnosed endocrine disorder in women. Understanding PCOS prevalence and information sources allows for resource development for those with PCOS and their loved ones. The purpose of this study was to identify PCOS prevalence, knowledge, and information sources in a young multiethnic cohort in Texas. Methods: An online survey polled students, faculty, and staff at Texas Woman’s University campuses in Denton, Dallas, and Houston. Seven hundred sixty-nine respondents including 722 females and 47 males completed the survey. Results: Approximately, 28.5% of female respondents indicated a formal diagnosis of PCOS, and 40.5% of those without a formal diagnosis had 2 or more symptoms that align with PCOS. A majority of participants ranked their PCOS knowledge as “Know some” or less (66.3% women and 83% of men). Healthcare professionals were the most common information source in women with a PCOS diagnosis (83.7%). Hispanics were least likely to use healthcare resources (36%) and to seek information from family and friends (17.6%). Differences were also observed by education level. Conclusions: Although women in this study recorded a PCOS prevalence above the national average (6%–12%) and were more likely to seek information from healthcare professionals, these numbers may have been skewed attributable to an increased likelihood of polycystic women to respond to the questionnaire. Ethnicity and education need to be accounted for in designing informative material for polycystic women and their family and friends.","PeriodicalId":92284,"journal":{"name":"Progress in preventive medicine (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"5 1","pages":"e0028"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/pp9.0000000000000028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46862379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Much Sodium Should We Eat?","authors":"Chen Shen, P. J. Bowers, Y. Bar-Yam","doi":"10.1097/pp9.0000000000000026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/pp9.0000000000000026","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Sodium, an important dietary requirement, is essential to many physiologic processes. High sodium intake affects serious health issues such as hypertension and cardiovascular disease, the largest cause of death globally. Consequently, many health organizations have recommended substantial reductions in sodium intake, to as little as 1,500 mg/d. Yet limited understanding exists for the entire range of the effect of sodium between high intake and the recommendations. Methods: We built a simulation using equations from the Uttamsingh model of the renal system to simulate the long-term mean arterial pressure (MAP) across sodium intake ranges. We used another existing physiology simulation platform, HumMod-3.0.4, for comparison. We compared the simulation results with empirical studies done on the global population. Results: We find a linear increase in MAP for consumption above 4,000 mg/d, but nearly constant MAP between 1,200 and 4,000 mg/d. Below 1,200 mg/d, the system cannot maintain homeostasis. Conclusion: Supporting the U-shape theory of sodium intake, which posits that too-high and too-low sodium intake rates increase cardiovascular disease risks, our results suggest that the homeostatic regulation by antidiuretic hormone and aldosterone transitions from sodium retention to sodium excretion at around 4,000 mg/d (a value that varies across individuals and conditions), indicating sodium saturation and evolutionary optimality. Our findings are consistent with recent empirical studies on large populations globally. We suggest that the current low-level recommendations are not supported by this physiologic model analysis and would require more compelling evidence.","PeriodicalId":92284,"journal":{"name":"Progress in preventive medicine (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"5 1","pages":"e0026"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/pp9.0000000000000026","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44643545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family Functioning and Psychosocial Factors in a Weight Loss Randomized Controlled Pilot for Black Men","authors":"C. Alick, C. Samuel-Hodge, D. Ward, A. Ammerman, C. Rini, C. Edwards, D. Tate","doi":"10.1097/pp9.0000000000000025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/pp9.0000000000000025","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to explore whether the Together Eating & Activity Matters trial, a spousal support-enhanced randomized control pilot for weight loss among Black men, changed the intended theoretical constructs of family functioning, social support, self-regulation, and self-efficacy. In Together Eating & Activity Matters, 40 Black men were randomized to 2 experimental groups (standard [n = 19]; enhanced [n = 21]). Among the enhanced group, communication and incendiary communication increased and family cohesion and emotional involvement decreased. There were no significant differences between groups on other measures. These results may help explain and document the process of change associated with couples-based interventions in Black men. Lastly, and with this pilot study, we highlight a potentially significant intervention for future research and weight loss in Black men.","PeriodicalId":92284,"journal":{"name":"Progress in preventive medicine (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"5 1","pages":"e0025"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/pp9.0000000000000025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44158141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The 3 Curcuminoid Analogs Comprising the Curcumin Extract Comparably Inhibit Nuclear Factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer Activation","authors":"Franco Cavaleri","doi":"10.1097/PP9.0000000000000023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PP9.0000000000000023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92284,"journal":{"name":"Progress in preventive medicine (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/PP9.0000000000000023","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41300813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Curcuminoid Analogs Differentially Modulate Nuclear Factor Kappa-Light-Chain-Enhancer, P65 Serine276, Mitogen- and Stress-activated Protein Kinase 1 And MicroRNA 148a Status","authors":"Franco Cavaleri","doi":"10.1097/PP9.0000000000000024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PP9.0000000000000024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92284,"journal":{"name":"Progress in preventive medicine (New York, N.Y.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/PP9.0000000000000024","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48711461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Geographic Information Systems in Physical Activity Interventions: a Systematic Review.","authors":"Liliana Aguayo,&nbsp;Mariha Khan,&nbsp;Reynaldo De Leon,&nbsp;Andiara Schwingel","doi":"10.1097/pp9.0000000000000022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/pp9.0000000000000022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The promotion of physical activity is inextricably dependent on the environment. This systematic review summarizes studies that used geographic information systems to account for the role of geographic features in the design, implementation, or evaluation of interventions that promoted physical activity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Pubmed, ProQuest/PsycInfo, and Cochrane Library were searched for physical activity interventions that employed geographic information systems. The search was conducted with an algorithm that included 10 geographic, 28 intervention, and 9 physical activity search terms. Data were systematically reviewed using a standardized form based on the PICOS framework (participants, interventions, comparison, outcomes, and study design). Quality of the studies included was independently rated on 14 criteria (Registration number CRD42016046011).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Search yield 12,518 published articles, of which, 19 studies satisfied our inclusion criteria. Proximity to recreational areas and neighborhood walkability were the most common geographic factors measured in studies of physical activity interventions. Interventions focused on supporting physical activity by providing recreational spaces and adequate infrastructure to participants. Fifteen intervention studies assessed socioeconomic environmental factors along with physical environmental factors. Support groups were introduced by 4 of the interventions to offset social environmental barriers in the geographical environment. Given the lack of consistency in measurements of physical activity, and long-term assessments, it was not possible to determine if findings are attributable to the geographic environment or a novelty effect.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>More research is needed to better understand the physical and social factors within the geographic environment that work as barriers or facilitators of physical activity changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":92284,"journal":{"name":"Progress in preventive medicine (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"4 2","pages":"e0022"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/pp9.0000000000000022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41223264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomics and Big Data Analytics in Ayurvedic Medicine","authors":"M. Mukerji, M. Sagner","doi":"10.1097/PP9.0000000000000021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PP9.0000000000000021","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92284,"journal":{"name":"Progress in preventive medicine (New York, N.Y.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/PP9.0000000000000021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46416293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Big Data Analysis of Traditional Knowledge-based Ayurveda Medicine","authors":"Harpreet Singh, S. Bhargava, Sailesh Ganeshan, R. Kaur, Tavpritesh Sethi, Mukesh K Sharma, Madhusudan Chauhan, Neerja Chauhan, Rishipal Chauhan, P. Chauhan, S. Brahmachari","doi":"10.1097/pp9.0000000000000020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/pp9.0000000000000020","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Modern medicine has embraced data-driven understanding of health, principally through electronic medical records. However, Ayurveda, which is the dominant traditional medicine system in India, much of it is still practiced without digital records. Methods: In this study, 353,000 patients’ data were captured digitally by ~300 Ayurveda doctors over teleconsultation and in-person consultations. The entire dataset was analyzed based on age, sex, region, chronicity, Vikriti, disease morbidity, and comorbitidy and reported effectiveness of the treatment. Results: Younger patients were found to use more Ayurveda telemedicine, but all age groups were well represented. It was found that 82% patients had disease chronicity greater than 1 year. About 85% of the diseases were related to 6 organ systems, digestive (30.6%), endocrine (14.6%), skeleton (13.5%), skin (11.2%), nervous (7.6%), and respiratory (7.4%). The network analysis of the data revealed difference in sex and age-based patterns. Disease of endocrine and cardiovascular systems become comorbid for patient population at older age-groups as also observed in case of modern medicines. Conclusion: Within the limitations of using practice data from a single large group of Ayurveda practitioners, this represents the first data-driven view of Ayurveda practice in India. In spite of 82% of all the patients having chronic diseases, Ayurveda treatment offered complete or partial relief in more than 76% of cases, and only 0.9% reported aggravation in symptoms.","PeriodicalId":92284,"journal":{"name":"Progress in preventive medicine (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"3 1","pages":"e0020"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/pp9.0000000000000020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45609408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theoretical Rationale for How Slimming Garments May Motivate Physical Activity in People with Obesity","authors":"M. Binks, Shao-Hua Chin","doi":"10.1097/pp9.0000000000000017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/pp9.0000000000000017","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity and inactivity contribute to disease burden and increased mortality worldwide. Consistency in initiating and maintaining adequate physical activity continues to be a major challenge. The majority of the weight loss and exercise science literature focuses on enhancing personal responsibility. For people with obesity, perceptions of others, a history of negative self-judgment and consequent low exercise self-efficacy influence the likelihood that they will engage in physical activity. We provide a theoretical rationale for the utility of slimming garments in enhancing exercise adherence. We reviewed and compiled relevant literature related to motivational theory and body image to develop a theoretical basis for the use of slimming garments to promote exercise adherence. Our review provides theoretical support for the potential for slimming garments to improve exercise adherence. Reductions in exercise avoidance may be achieved through the use of slimming garments during and following exercise.","PeriodicalId":92284,"journal":{"name":"Progress in preventive medicine (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"3 1","pages":"e0017"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/pp9.0000000000000017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41867715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}