MNI open research最新文献

The neuro-toxin MPTP does not prevent reproduction in marmosets 神经毒素MPTP不会阻止狨猴的繁殖

MNI open research Pub Date : 2019-04-26 DOI: 10.12688/MNIOPENRES.12818.1

Stephen G. Nuara, Lori A. Burgess, A. Hamadjida, Jim C. Gourdon, P. Huot

引用次数: 0

Generation of human midbrain organoids from induced pluripotent stem cells 诱导多能干细胞产生人中脑类器官

MNI open research Pub Date : 2019-04-03 DOI: 10.12688/MNIOPENRES.12816.1

Nguyen-Vi Mohamed, M. Mathur, Ronan V. da Silva, Rhalena A. Thomas, Paula Lépine, L. Beitel, E. Fon, T. Durcan

引用次数: 11

From data sharing to data publishing [version 2; peer review: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations]. 从数据共享到数据发布[版本2;同行评议:2人通过，1人有保留。

MNI open research Pub Date : 2019-01-01 Epub Date: 2019-01-31 DOI: 10.12688/mniopenres.12772.2

Jean-Baptiste Poline

引用次数: 6

Functional specialization in the middle temporal area for smooth pursuit initiation 中颞区的功能专门化，用于顺利的追踪启动

MNI open research Pub Date : 2018-10-31 DOI: 10.12688/MNIOPENRES.12806.2

Shahab Bakhtiari, Christopher C. Pack

{"title":"Functional specialization in the middle temporal area for smooth pursuit initiation","authors":"Shahab Bakhtiari, Christopher C. Pack","doi":"10.12688/MNIOPENRES.12806.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/MNIOPENRES.12806.2","url":null,"abstract":"Smooth pursuit eye movements have frequently been used to model sensorimotor transformations in the brain. In particular, the initiation phase of pursuit can be understood as a transformation of a sensory estimate of target velocity into an eye rotation. Despite careful laboratory controls on the stimulus conditions, pursuit eye movements are frequently observed to exhibit considerable trial-to-trial variability. In theory, this variability can be caused by the variability in sensory representation of target motion, or by the variability in the transformation of sensory information to motor commands. Previous work has shown that neural variability in the middle temporal (MT) area is likely propagated to the oculomotor command, and there is evidence to suggest that the magnitude of this variability is sufficient to account for the variability of pursuit initiation. This line of reasoning presumes that the MT population is homogeneous with respect to its contribution to pursuit initiation. At the same time, there is evidence that pursuit initiation is strongly linked to a subpopulation of MT neurons (those with strong surround suppression) that collectively generate less motor variability. To distinguish between these possibilities, we have combined human psychophysics, monkey electrophysiology, and computational modeling to examine how the pursuit system reads out the MT population during pursuit initiation. We find that the psychophysical data are best accounted for by a model that gives stronger weight to surround-suppressed MT neurons, suggesting that variability in the initiation of pursuit could arise from multiple sources along the sensorimotor transformation.","PeriodicalId":92266,"journal":{"name":"MNI open research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42909493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Characterization of a food image stimulus set for the study of multi-attribute decision-making 用于多属性决策研究的食物图像刺激集表征

MNI open research Pub Date : 2018-08-28 DOI: 10.12688/MNIOPENRES.12791.1

M. Satterthwaite, L. Fellows

{"title":"Characterization of a food image stimulus set for the study of multi-attribute decision-making","authors":"M. Satterthwaite, L. Fellows","doi":"10.12688/MNIOPENRES.12791.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/MNIOPENRES.12791.1","url":null,"abstract":"Everyday decisions are generally made between options that vary on multiple different attributes. These might vary from basic biological attributes (e.g. caloric density of a food) to higher-order attributes like healthiness or aesthetic appeal. There is a long tradition of studying the processes involved in explicitly multi-attribute decisions, with information presented in a table, for example. However, most naturalistic choices require attribute information to be identified from the stimulus during evaluation or value comparison. Well-characterized stimulus sets are needed to support behavioral and neuroscience research on this topic. Here we present a set of 200 food images suited to the study of multi-attribute value-based decision-making. The set includes food items likely to appeal to those accustomed to North American and European diets, varying widely on the subjective attributes of visual-aesthetic appeal (“beauty”), tastiness and healthiness, as rated by healthy young Canadian participants (N=30-67). The images have also been characterized on objective characteristics relevant to food decision-making, including caloric density, macronutrient content and visual salience. We provide all attribute data by image and show the extent to which attributes are correlated across the stimulus set. We hope this stimulus set will accelerate progress in the study of naturalistic, value-based decision-making.","PeriodicalId":92266,"journal":{"name":"MNI open research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41872526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The future of non-invasive cerebral oximetry in neurosurgical procedures: A systematic review 无创脑血氧计在神经外科手术中的应用前景：系统综述

MNI open research Pub Date : 2018-05-30 DOI: 10.12688/MNIOPENRES.12779.1

Woojin Kim, B. Taw, Suguru Yokosako, M. Koyanagi, H. Fukuda, David S. Sinclair, D. Sirhan, J. Teitelbaum, Matthew W. M. Lui, H. Kasuya, M. Angle, B. Lo

{"title":"The future of non-invasive cerebral oximetry in neurosurgical procedures: A systematic review","authors":"Woojin Kim, B. Taw, Suguru Yokosako, M. Koyanagi, H. Fukuda, David S. Sinclair, D. Sirhan, J. Teitelbaum, Matthew W. M. Lui, H. Kasuya, M. Angle, B. Lo","doi":"10.12688/MNIOPENRES.12779.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/MNIOPENRES.12779.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Cerebral hypoxia is one of the most important causes of secondary brain injury during neurosurgical procedures and in neurointensive care. In patients with brain injury, cerebrovascular reactivity may be impaired and a decrease in mean arterial pressure or cerebral perfusion pressure may lead to inadequate cerebral blood flow and secondary ischemia. There are several techniques available to measure brain oxygenation. In particular, near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a non-invasive neuromonitoring technique and there has been a rapid expansion of clinical evidence that NIRS reduces perioperative neurologic complications. Methods:This systematic review synthesizes prospective and retrospective cohort studies that investigate the benefit of using NIRS in prevention of perioperative neurologic complications. The methodological quality of these studies is appraised.Results:Seven studies were included in this systematic review. The methodological quality of each study was assessed. They had representative patient populations, clear selection criteria and clear descriptions of study designs. Reproducible study protocols with ethics board approval were present. Clinical results were described in sufficient detail and were applicable to patient undergoing neurosurgical procedures and in neurointensive care. Limitations included small sample sizes and lack of reference standard.Conclusions:This systematic review synthesizes the most current evidence of non-invasive, inexpensive, and continuous measurement of cerebral oxygenation by NIRS. Results gained from these studies are clinically useful and shed light on how this neuromonitoring technique is beneficial in preventing perioperative neurological complications.","PeriodicalId":92266,"journal":{"name":"MNI open research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47615885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Defining Success in Open Science. 定义开放科学的成功。

MNI open research Pub Date : 2018-02-09 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.12688/mniopenres.12780.1

Sarah E Ali-Khan, Antoine Jean, Emily MacDonald, E Richard Gold

{"title":"Defining Success in Open Science.","authors":"Sarah E Ali-Khan, Antoine Jean, Emily MacDonald, E Richard Gold","doi":"10.12688/mniopenres.12780.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/mniopenres.12780.1","url":null,"abstract":"Mounting evidence indicates that worldwide, innovation systems are increasing unsustainable. Equally, concerns about inequities in the science and innovation process, and in access to its benefits, continue. Against a backdrop of growing health, economic and scientific challenges global stakeholders are urgently seeking to spur innovation and maximize the just distribution of benefits for all. Open Science collaboration (OS) - comprising a variety of approaches to increase open, public, and rapid mobilization of scientific knowledge - is seen to be one of the most promising ways forward. Yet, many decision-makers hesitate to construct policy to support the adoption and implementation of OS without access to substantive, clear and reliable evidence. In October 2017, international thought-leaders gathered at an Open Science Leadership Forum in the Washington DC offices of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation to share their views on what successful Open Science looks like. Delegates from developed and developing nations, national governments, science agencies and funding bodies, philanthropy, researchers, patient organizations and the biotechnology, pharma and artificial intelligence (AI) industries discussed the outcomes that would rally them to invest in OS, as well as wider issues of policy and implementation. This first of two reports, summarizes delegates' views on what they believe OS will deliver in terms of research, innovation and social impact in the life sciences. Through open and collaborative process over the next months, we will translate these success outcomes into a toolkit of quantitative and qualitative indicators to assess when, where and how open science collaborations best advance research, innovation and social benefit. Ultimately, this work aims to develop and openly share tools to allow stakeholders to evaluate and re-invent their innovation ecosystems, to maximize value for the global public and patients, and address long-standing questions about the mechanics of innovation.","PeriodicalId":92266,"journal":{"name":"MNI open research","volume":"2 ","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5852639/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35925763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19

Identifying the challenges in implementing open science [version 1; peer review: 2 approved]. 确定实施开放科学的挑战[第 1 版；同行评审：2 人通过]。

MNI open research Pub Date : 2018-01-01 Epub Date: 2018-10-12 DOI: 10.12688/mniopenres.12805.1

Sarah E Ali-Khan, Antoine Jean, E Richard Gold

{"title":"Identifying the challenges in implementing open science [version 1; peer review: 2 approved].","authors":"Sarah E Ali-Khan, Antoine Jean, E Richard Gold","doi":"10.12688/mniopenres.12805.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/mniopenres.12805.1","url":null,"abstract":"Areas of open science (OS) policy and practice are already relatively well-advanced in several countries and sectors through the initiatives of some governments, funders, philanthropy, researchers and the community. Nevertheless, the current research and innovation system, including in the focus of this report, the life sciences, remains weighted against OS. In October 2017, thought-leaders from across the world gathered at an Open Science Leadership Forum in the Washington DC office of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation to share their views on what successful OS looks like. We focused on OS partnerships as this is an emerging model that aims to accelerate science and innovation. These outcomes are captured in a first meeting report: Defining Success in Open Science. On several occasions, these conversations turned to the challenges that must be addressed and new policies required to effectively and sustainably advance OS practice. Thereupon, in this report, we describe the concerns raised and what is needed to address them supplemented by our review of the literature, and suggest the stakeholder groups that may be best placed to begin to take action. It emerges that to be successful, OS will require the active engagement of all stakeholders: while the research community must develop research questions, identify partners and networks, policy communities need to create an environment that is supportive of experimentation by removing barriers. This report aims to contribute to ongoing discussions about OS and its implementation. It is also part of a step-wise process to develop and mobilize a toolkit of quantitative and qualitative indicators to assist global stakeholders in implementing high value OS collaborations. Currently in co-development through an open and international process, this set of measures will allow the generation of needed evidence on the influence of OS partnerships on research, innovation, and critical social and economic goals.","PeriodicalId":92266,"journal":{"name":"MNI open research","volume":"2 ","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7845503/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38940188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Defining Success in Open Science [version 2; peer review:2 approved]. 定义开放科学的成功[第 2 版；同行评审：2 人通过]。

MNI open research Pub Date : 2018-01-01 Epub Date: 2018-03-20 DOI: 10.12688/mniopenres.12780.2

Sarah E Ali-Khan, Antoine Jean, Emily MacDonald, E Richard Gold

{"title":"Defining Success in Open Science [version 2; peer review:2 approved].","authors":"Sarah E Ali-Khan, Antoine Jean, Emily MacDonald, E Richard Gold","doi":"10.12688/mniopenres.12780.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/mniopenres.12780.2","url":null,"abstract":"Mounting evidence indicates that worldwide, innovation systems are increasing unsustainable. Equally, concerns about inequities in the science and innovation process, and in access to its benefits, continue. Against a backdrop of growing health, economic and scientific challenges global stakeholders are urgently seeking to spur innovation and maximize the just distribution of benefits for all. Open Science collaboration (OS) - comprising a variety of approaches to increase open, public, and rapid mobilization of scientific knowledge - is seen to be one of the most promising ways forward. Yet, many decision-makers hesitate to construct policy to support the adoption and implementation of OS without access to substantive, clear and reliable evidence. In October 2017, international thought-leaders gathered at an Open Science Leadership Forum in the Washington DC offices of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation to share their views on what successful Open Science looks like. Delegates from developed and developing nations, national governments, science agencies and funding bodies, philanthropy, researchers, patient organizations and the biotechnology, pharma and artificial intelligence (AI) industries discussed the outcomes that would rally them to invest in OS, as well as wider issues of policy and implementation. This first of two reports, summarizes delegates' views on what they believe OS will deliver in terms of research, innovation and social impact in the life sciences. Through open and collaborative process over the next months, we will translate these success outcomes into a toolkit of quantitative and qualitative indicators to assess when, where and how open science collaborations best advance research, innovation and social benefit. Ultimately, this work aims to develop and openly share tools to allow stakeholders to evaluate and re-invent their innovation ecosystems, to maximize value for the global public and patients, and address long-standing questions about the mechanics of innovation.","PeriodicalId":92266,"journal":{"name":"MNI open research","volume":"2 ","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7839829/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38940187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

MIST: A multi-resolution parcellation of functional brain networks MIST:功能性脑网络的多分辨率分割

MNI open research Pub Date : 2017-12-05 DOI: 10.12688/MNIOPENRES.12767.2

S. Urchs, J. Armoza, C. Moreau, Yassine Benhajali, J. St-Aubin, P. Orban, Pierre Bellec

{"title":"MIST: A multi-resolution parcellation of functional brain networks","authors":"S. Urchs, J. Armoza, C. Moreau, Yassine Benhajali, J. St-Aubin, P. Orban, Pierre Bellec","doi":"10.12688/MNIOPENRES.12767.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/MNIOPENRES.12767.2","url":null,"abstract":"The functional architecture of the brain is organized across multiple levels of spatial resolutions, from distributed networks to the localized areas they are made of. A brain parcellation that defines functional nodes at multiple resolutions is required to investigate the functional connectome across these scales. Here we present the Multiresolution Intrinsic Segmentation Template (MIST), a multi-resolution group level parcellation of the cortical, subcortical and cerebellar gray matter. The individual MIST parcellations match other published group parcellations in internal homogeneity and reproducibility and perform very well in real-world application benchmarks. In addition, the MIST parcellations are fully annotated and provide a hierarchical decomposition of functional brain networks across nine resolutions (7 to 444 functional parcels). We hope that the MIST parcellation will accelerate research in brain connectivity across resolutions. Because visualizing multiresolution parcellations is challenging, we provide an interactive web interface to explore the MIST. The MIST is also available through the popular nilearn toolbox.","PeriodicalId":92266,"journal":{"name":"MNI open research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44437348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 57