Journal of biology and nature最新文献

Picrorhiza kurrooa: A Promising Himalayan Medicinal Plant with Therapeutic Research and Conservation Challenges Picrorhiza kurrooa：一种前景看好的喜马拉雅药用植物，面临治疗研究和保护挑战

Journal of biology and nature Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.56557/joban/2024/v16i28789

Ekta Rana, Y. Y. Sumthane, Indesh Attri, Bandana Dhiman

{"title":"Picrorhiza kurrooa: A Promising Himalayan Medicinal Plant with Therapeutic Research and Conservation Challenges","authors":"Ekta Rana, Y. Y. Sumthane, Indesh Attri, Bandana Dhiman","doi":"10.56557/joban/2024/v16i28789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56557/joban/2024/v16i28789","url":null,"abstract":"Picrorhiza kurrooa is an herbaceous perennial plant that grows in the Himalayas, and for many years it has been used as a medicine in Ayurvedic tradition for its wide range of therapeutic applications which has been mentioned in renowned old texts like Charaka Samhita, Sushurata Samhita, Ashtanga etc. This short review paper highlights the chemical and botanical features of P. kurrooa which belongs to family Plantaginaceae with emphasis on its bioactive components such as iridoid glycosides and cucurbitacins. Pharmacological studies have found hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities in P. kurrooa aka ‘kutki’ locally. In Himalayan region kutki is known for its use in traditional systems of medicine by amchies. Molecular mechanisms of action of P. kurrooa are under study currently and this paper looks at the mode of actions as well as diseases treated by it especially liver dysfunctions, respiratory conditions, skin problems among others. Among the main obstacles that impede development in PIC research are lack of knowledge regarding active compounds, pharmacokinetic issues and regulatory restrictions. Overcoming these problems may involve multidisciplinary approaches; innovative formulation techniques; cooperation among different stakeholders while conducting clinical trials on patients or preclinical tests involving animals in order to prove its efficacy against disease using globally acceptable standards. Encouragingly, both preclinical and clinical investigations show promising results although standardization should be done along with large-scale trials to affirm safety and effectiveness as a therapy approach for P. kurrooa. Progressing in this direction would certainly go a long way in exploiting the full benefits of P. kurrooa as a drug since this will also propel novel treatment options for other diseases.","PeriodicalId":92230,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biology and nature","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141800673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Response of Maize (Zea mays L.) to Poultry Dung Compost on Sandy Soil in Toumodi, Central Côte d'Ivoire 玉米（Zea mays L.）对科特迪瓦中部 Toumodi 沙质土壤上的家禽粪便堆肥的反应

Journal of biology and nature Pub Date : 2024-07-04 DOI: 10.56557/joban/2024/v16i28759

Bouadou oi Bouadou Felix, Tano Adjoua Germaine, Tra Bi Diangone Fabrice, Ettien Djetchi Jean Baptiste

{"title":"Response of Maize (Zea mays L.) to Poultry Dung Compost on Sandy Soil in Toumodi, Central Côte d'Ivoire","authors":"Bouadou oi Bouadou Felix, Tano Adjoua Germaine, Tra Bi Diangone Fabrice, Ettien Djetchi Jean Baptiste","doi":"10.56557/joban/2024/v16i28759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56557/joban/2024/v16i28759","url":null,"abstract":"The increase in maize harvests among farmers in the Toumodi locality (6°25'4.8˝N and 5°4'19.2˝w), in Côte d'Ivoire, required a study during the June cropping season in 2023. 4 increasing doses of compost: T0 (0 t/ha), T1 (10 t/ha), T2 (15 t/ha) and T3 (20 t/ha), were applied to the soil (0 - 20 cm) in a Fischer-type set-up with 4 replications. The mean values of the yield components of the various treatments were compared with each other and with those of the blank control using analyses of variance for a critical threshold, α = 0.05. Flowering was observed in male and female plants after 50 days following sowing in all the amended plots, whereas it appeared 10 to 15 days later in the plots without application. The highest grain yields were noted in the plots receiving the 15 t/ha dose, with average harvests of around 5 t/ha compared with 1.9 t/ha for the treatment without application. In addition, the 15 t/ha dose produced more seeds than the other treatments. In addition to its availability, the compost tested is rich in nutrients. An application of at least 10 t/ha is enough to increase yields, which are estimated to be almost twice as high as those in soils without compost. To this end, spreading this material on farmers' fields is highly desirable. However, the use of compost requires pre-treatment of the raw organic material, which could be a constraint on its use.","PeriodicalId":92230,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biology and nature","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141677310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bioassay of Root Exudates, their Impact in Susceptible Species and their Degradation in Hydroponics: A Review 根部渗出物的生物测定、其对易感物种的影响及其在水培法中的降解：综述

Journal of biology and nature Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.56557/joban/2024/v16i18674

Harpreet Kaur, .. Prince, .. Dilshad, .. Shubham, Shilpa Kaushal

{"title":"Bioassay of Root Exudates, their Impact in Susceptible Species and their Degradation in Hydroponics: A Review","authors":"Harpreet Kaur, .. Prince, .. Dilshad, .. Shubham, Shilpa Kaushal","doi":"10.56557/joban/2024/v16i18674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56557/joban/2024/v16i18674","url":null,"abstract":"Plants grown in hydroponics exhibit superior characters and yield compared to those grown in soil. However, root exudates accumulated particularly in renewed nutrient solution (RNS) hinders development of crops in hydroponics. These exudates are secondary metabolites released by the roots as a result of physiological processes, exhibiting autotoxic effects in plants. They are allelochemicals encompassing various chemical groups such as phenolic compounds, terpenoids, alkaloids, benzoxazinoids or other organic acids. The quantity and type of allelochemical released by plants varies depending on multiple factors such as temperature, light, nutrient deficiency, stress, physiological status of plant, pH and environment. The combined effect of more than one allelochemical is often additive or synergistic thus elevating the impact caused by individual allelochemical. These phytotoxic exudates are known to have inhibited the growth and development of plants by diverse pathways unique to their characteristic. There are several methods developed for degradation of exudates including AC (Activated Charcoal), O3/H2O2 treatment or other. This review discusses the bioassay of secondary metabolites causing autotoxicity, mechanism, impact in horticultural and ornamental crops, factors affecting their release and methods for elimination in hydroponics.","PeriodicalId":92230,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biology and nature","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141022220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Fresh Pudina (Mentha arvensis) Leaves Paste with Water on the Performance of Broilers 新鲜薄荷叶糊加水对肉鸡生产性能的影响

Journal of biology and nature Pub Date : 2024-04-20 DOI: 10.56557/joban/2024/v16i18656

Ashish Awasthi, Neeraj Singh, Veerendra Kumar

引用次数: 0

Measuring Total Mercury Level in Local Food Fish Bangamary (Macrodon ancylodon) in Guyana 测量圭亚那当地食用鱼 Bangamary（Macrodon ancylodon）中的总汞含量

Journal of biology and nature Pub Date : 2024-04-08 DOI: 10.56557/joban/2024/v16i18632

Bheshnandini Lisa Tirbani, Leanna Kalicharan

引用次数: 0

Feeding Balanced Ration for Improving Dairy Cattle Productivity: A Review 饲喂平衡日粮提高奶牛生产率：综述

Journal of biology and nature Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.56557/joban/2024/v16i18625

Neeraj Singh, Ramji Gupta, Ashish Awasthi, Veerendra Kumar

{"title":"Feeding Balanced Ration for Improving Dairy Cattle Productivity: A Review","authors":"Neeraj Singh, Ramji Gupta, Ashish Awasthi, Veerendra Kumar","doi":"10.56557/joban/2024/v16i18625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56557/joban/2024/v16i18625","url":null,"abstract":"In India and similar subtropical regions, dairy livestock primarily consume various by-products derived from locally cultivated crops, fodder, and oilseeds. Approximately 65-70 per cent of the total milk production cost is attributed to feed expenses. Ensuring a balanced diet is pivotal for the success of dairy development initiatives across India. The optimal productivity of dairy animals is achieved when they are provided with a nutritionally balanced diet that matches their genetic potential. To enhance the productivity of livestock owned by small-scale farmers, a balanced ration program was introduced. Under this program, animals are categorized based on their milk production levels: low (<8 kg/day), medium (8–12 kg/day), and high (>12 kg/day) yielders. The program assessed milk yield, milk fat content, and the net daily income of milk producers before and after implementing a balanced diet regimen. The nutritional assessment revealed that 71 per cent of the animals consumed excessive amounts of crude protein and metabolizable energy, while 65 per cent exhibited lower intake levels of calcium and phosphorus than required. Implementing a balanced ration resulted in an improvement in milk production ranging from 2 to 14 per cent, along with a 0.2 to 0.15 per cent increase in milk fat content.","PeriodicalId":92230,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biology and nature","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140742459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing Reproductive Performance of Nilem Fish (Osteochilus hasselti) through Artificial Spawning 通过人工产卵提高尼罗河鱼（Osteochilus hasselti）的繁殖性能

Journal of biology and nature Pub Date : 2024-02-20 DOI: 10.56557/joban/2024/v16i18549

Sri Hastuti, Tristiana Yuniarti, S. Subandiyono

引用次数: 0

Prevalence Study on Gastrointestinal Helminthic Infections in Ruminants of Hassan and Chikkamagalur Districts of Karnataka State, India 印度卡纳塔克邦哈桑和奇卡玛加卢尔地区反刍动物胃肠道蠕虫感染流行率研究

Journal of biology and nature Pub Date : 2024-01-24 DOI: 10.56557/joban/2024/v16i18499

Veena M., Dhanalakshmi H., P. E. D’souza

{"title":"Prevalence Study on Gastrointestinal Helminthic Infections in Ruminants of Hassan and Chikkamagalur Districts of Karnataka State, India","authors":"Veena M., Dhanalakshmi H., P. E. D’souza","doi":"10.56557/joban/2024/v16i18499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56557/joban/2024/v16i18499","url":null,"abstract":"A prevalence study on gastrointestinal parasites in ruminants was undertaken in Hassan and Chikkamagalur districts of Karnataka state to observe the current infection status in the region. The faecal samples were collected from the animals and processed as per the standard procedures. A total of 354, 46, 212 and 138 faecal samples from cattle, buffalo, sheep and goats were screened, of which 92 cattle, 13 buffalo, 79 sheep and 58 goat samples were positive for parasitic infection, respectively. The coprological examination of cattle and buffaloes revealed the highest infection of Amphistome spp. (20.3% & 28.3%) followed by strongyles (2.8% & 2.2%) and Schistosoma spindale (0.6%). Buxtonella sulcata cysts were found in nine cattle samples. Mixed infection of Amphistome spp. and strongyle followed by Amphistome and Fasciola spp.; Amphistome spp. and Schistosoma spindale were also observed. The highest infection of strongyle (25.5% & 24.6%) was followed by Amphistome spp. (2.4% &0.7%) and Fasciola spp. (0.9%) in sheep and goats, mixed infection of strongyle with Amphistome spp. and Fasciola spp.; strongyle and Trichuris spp., Amphistome spp. and Trichuris spp. were observed in the faecal samples. Gastrointestinal parasitic infections cause considerable economic loss by way of reduced weight, decreased milk yield, debilitation and morbidity in livestock, besides causing major health problems in domestic animals. The study helps to understand parasitic infection in ruminants, which could greatly help in understanding the management strategies necessary for the health of domestic ruminants, thereby safeguarding the economic impact.","PeriodicalId":92230,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biology and nature","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139600205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Behavioural Patterns and Interactions of Daphnia magna and Echinuriauncinata: Insights from Controlled Observations in Freshwater Habitats 大水蚤和棘轮动物的行为模式和相互作用:来自淡水栖息地控制观察的见解

Journal of biology and nature Pub Date : 2023-09-19 DOI: 10.56557/joban/2023/v15i28390

Katie Chung

{"title":"Behavioural Patterns and Interactions of Daphnia magna and Echinuriauncinata: Insights from Controlled Observations in Freshwater Habitats","authors":"Katie Chung","doi":"10.56557/joban/2023/v15i28390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56557/joban/2023/v15i28390","url":null,"abstract":"Within freshwater ecosystems, the ecological influence of keystone primary consumers cannot be overstated. Daphnia magna emerges as a particularly prominent player among such species, significantly impacting a biotic community's higher trophic interactions and nutrient dynamics. Therefore, the Daphnia magna’s presence within these habitats and its intricate interrelationships with other organisms are of critical importance in maintaining homeostasis and fostering functional, biodiverse environments. Despite the importance of studying such interspecies interactions, the coexistence of Daphnia with its endoparasite Echinuriauncinata remains enigmatic and largely unexplored in scientific literature. In this study, a series of controlled observation setups were designed to facilitate a comprehensive exploration of the behavioural patterns and interactions between Daphnia and Echinuria. Such observational platforms incorporated concave slide glasses, test tubes, Fresh squared bottles, and digital imaging analysis, enabling precise and detailed descriptions of the organisms' behaviours under varying culturing conditions. Our findings reveal a shared affinity for the benthic habitat, driven by the presence of sinking food particles. Despite the absence of overt competitive interactions for food resources, Daphnia displayed pronounced defensive behaviours, adeptly evading potential attacks from Echinuria. Temperature exerted discernible effects on their initial activities, with transient heightened responsiveness observed at elevated thermal conditions. Our investigations ultimately led to a hypothesis proposing an unintentional infestation scenario, wherein Daphia may unwittingly harbour Echinuria eggs or larvae, likely due to their size resemblance to floating food particles. These empirical insights contribute to understanding predator-prey relationships and inadvertent infestations, augmenting our comprehension of freshwater ecosystem dynamics and preserving these vital aquatic environments.","PeriodicalId":92230,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biology and nature","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135064135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Parasites in Domestic Chickens (Gallus gallus domestica) Slaughtered in Abattoir of Macks Farm Osara, Kogi State 科吉州macs Farm Osara屠宰场屠宰的家鸡(Gallus Gallus domestica)胃肠道寄生虫的流行情况

Journal of biology and nature Pub Date : 2023-09-13 DOI: 10.56557/joban/2023/v15i28382

None Amuna O. T., None Adebayo T. E., None Ezeugwu P. C., None Adeyemi K. G., None Itunu S. O., None Aondoaver S. A., None Madueke A. C., None Simon V. O., None Tanko D.

{"title":"Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Parasites in Domestic Chickens (Gallus gallus domestica) Slaughtered in Abattoir of Macks Farm Osara, Kogi State","authors":"None Amuna O. T., None Adebayo T. E., None Ezeugwu P. C., None Adeyemi K. G., None Itunu S. O., None Aondoaver S. A., None Madueke A. C., None Simon V. O., None Tanko D.","doi":"10.56557/joban/2023/v15i28382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56557/joban/2023/v15i28382","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in domestic chickens using the abattoir of Mack's farm Osara, Kogi state between January and March 2022. A total of 200 (100 exotic and 100 local breeds with 50 males and 50 females each) faecal samples from the gastro-intestinal tracts of already slaughtered chicken were examined from January to March 2022 using formol-ether concentration technique for the presence of gastrointestinal parasites. Microscopic method was employed for morphological identification of parasite isolates. The result showed that of the 200 samples examined, 178 (89%) were found to be infected with one or more parasites. A higher infection rate of 90 (90%) was found in the local breed than in exotic breed 88(88%). The helminths species found were, Ascaridia galli 66(33.67%), Heterakis gallinarum 44(22.44%), Capillaria Spp 30(15.30%), Gongylonema ingluvocola 20(10.20%), Strongyloides avium 6(3.06%), Raillietina echinobrothrida 6(3.06%), Tricuris tricura 10(5.10%), Choanotaenia infundibulum 10(5.10%) and Coccidian spp 4(2.04%) while the gastrointestinal protozoan isolated was Coccidian spp 4(2.04%). Conclusion: An insignificant difference in parasite prevalence (p >0.05) exists between exotic and local chicken, suggesting potential consumer exposure to infection through cross-infection. This study highlights the risk associated with consuming chicken from poorly managed poultry systems and establishes the need for policymaking toward improved poultry production.","PeriodicalId":92230,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biology and nature","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135783538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0