British Journal of Applied Science and Technology最新文献_第6页

Variation in Electrical Conductivity of Selected Fruit Juices During Continuous Ohmic Heating 选定果汁在连续欧姆加热过程中的电导率变化

British Journal of Applied Science and Technology Pub Date : 2014-03-06 DOI: 10.14416/J.IJAST.2014.01.008

B. Lamsal, V. Jindal

{"title":"Variation in Electrical Conductivity of Selected Fruit Juices During Continuous Ohmic Heating","authors":"B. Lamsal, V. Jindal","doi":"10.14416/J.IJAST.2014.01.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14416/J.IJAST.2014.01.008","url":null,"abstract":"Measurements and modeling of electrical conductivity (EC) of selected fruit juices were done during continuous ohmic heating. Ten-cm long acrylic heating cell with 3.8 cm internal diameter was utilized to measure the juice electrical conductivity. The variation in electrical conductivity of lab-squeezed juice of orange, pineapple and tomato fruits purchased from different retail markets were measured and modeled in terms of juice properties, such as total soluble solids and pH. EC of all juices had a linear variation with temperature as they were heated continuously to 80°C. EC of juice was affected by fruit maturity: 9-months old oranges had lower EC value of 0.392 S/m at 25°C, whereas 12 months old oranges had 0.475 S/m. The electrical conductivity of lab-squeezed orange juice from fresh fruits from different locations showed a 10% variation in the mean value of 0.343 S/m at 25°C and 0.971 S/m at 80°C. Mean electrical conductivity values for pineapple and tomato juice at 25°C, were 0.295 S/m and 0.504 S/m with maximum variations due to location at about 20% and 18.3%, respectively. These variations in EC of juices studied were observed to be higher at higher temperatures. The observed electrical conductivities for three juices were modeled in terms of temperature and total soluble solids with very high goodness-of-fit values.","PeriodicalId":9207,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"9 1","pages":"47-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89728019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Fault Tolerant Permanent Magnet Drives: Operating Under Open-circuit and Short-circuit Switch Faults 容错永磁驱动器:在开路和短路开关故障下操作

British Journal of Applied Science and Technology Pub Date : 2014-02-20 DOI: 10.14416/J.IJAST.2014.01.007

M. Shamsinejad, B. Nahid-Mobarakeh, S. Pierfederici, F. Meibody-Tabar

引用次数: 8

Experiments on rheology of non-Newtonian flow of tylose-alginate suspension through a horizontal complex conduit 泰糖-海藻酸盐悬浮液在水平复合管道中非牛顿流动的流变学实验

British Journal of Applied Science and Technology Pub Date : 2013-06-13 DOI: 10.4314/JAST.V18I1-2

Benoît Fagla, M. Gradeck, M. Lebouché

引用次数: 10

Higher-order Gaussian kernel in bootstrap boosting algorithm 自举提升算法中的高阶高斯核

British Journal of Applied Science and Technology Pub Date : 2013-05-15 DOI: 10.5987/UJ-NJSE.17.112.1

C. Ishiekwene, B. A. Afere

引用次数: 0

Prediction equation for vehicle-pedestrian crash and safety analysis at signalled intersections in Ghana 加纳信号交叉口车辆-行人碰撞预测方程及安全性分析

British Journal of Applied Science and Technology Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.4314/JAST.V17I1-2

Ek Debrah

{"title":"Prediction equation for vehicle-pedestrian crash and safety analysis at signalled intersections in Ghana","authors":"Ek Debrah","doi":"10.4314/JAST.V17I1-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JAST.V17I1-2","url":null,"abstract":"The occurrences of vehicle-pedestrian crashes at signalized intersections were investigated using a 3 year (2004-2006) crash records of 82 signalized intersections in Accra, Kumasi, Tema, Sekondi-Takoradi and Tamale. The data were analyzed using Micro-computer Accident Analysis Package. Traffic flow characteristics, intersection features and socio- economic activities at the intersections were used as inputs to develop mathematical model for predicting pedestrian crashes. On the assumption that negative binomial errors control over dispersion characteristic of the crash data, a Generalized Linear Model was applied to estimate parameters of the predicting equations. Accra accounted for more than 57.6 % of the pedestrian crashes with highest casualty rate of 34 injuries per annum (including deaths). Crossing was the dominant pedestrian action leading to about 70 % of the injuries. Vehicular traffic flow, crossing pedestrian flow and mean vehicle approach speed were the key predictor variables that had positive correlations with the crash rates, while approach number of lanes and presence of median on the road minimized occurrence of pedestrian crashes. Road designers and planners could apply the pedestrian crash model to predict the effects of traffic growth, vehicular speeds, intersection geometric characte-ristics and dynamics of socio- economic activities on crash frequencies at signalized intersections in Ghana.","PeriodicalId":9207,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"164 1","pages":"16-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74212452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

DISSOLUTION KINETICS OF PYRITE ORE BY HYDROCHLORIC ACID 盐酸对黄铁矿的溶解动力学

British Journal of Applied Science and Technology Pub Date : 2011-03-25 DOI: 10.4314/JAST.V16I1-2.64787

A. A. Baba, F. A. Adekola, O. Opaleye, R. B. Bale

引用次数: 5

Cost effective lateral force resisting concrete frame designs for low, mid and high rise buildings 低、中、高层建筑抗侧力混凝土框架设计

British Journal of Applied Science and Technology Pub Date : 2011-03-25 DOI: 10.4314/JAST.V16I1-2.64773

K. Ayensu, E. Jensen

引用次数: 0

Development of antimalaria, antibacterial, anticancer and antitumour drugs from new chemical entities from plant sources 从植物来源的新化学实体中开发抗疟疾、抗菌、抗癌和抗肿瘤药物

British Journal of Applied Science and Technology Pub Date : 2011-03-25 DOI: 10.4314/JAST.V16I1-2.64774

C. Fokunang, B. Ngameni

{"title":"Development of antimalaria, antibacterial, anticancer and antitumour drugs from new chemical entities from plant sources","authors":"C. Fokunang, B. Ngameni","doi":"10.4314/JAST.V16I1-2.64774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JAST.V16I1-2.64774","url":null,"abstract":"Higher plants are capable of synthesizing complex and advanced chemical substances. Many of the unique gene sources may be lost through extinction, but as plants have great potential for producing new drugs, some remed-ial actions are required to preserve medicinal potential of plants. In cancer treatment, the percentage of non-synthetic small molecules of new chemical entities has averaged about 62 %. In other therapeutic areas, such as cardiovascular, antimicrobials, sexual dysfunction, and metabolic diseases, there has been extensive developme-nt of new chemical entities. In anti-hypertensive treatment, out of 74 synthetic drugs, about 48 have been traced to natural products. Active pharmaceutical ingredients, as lead compounds from plant sources have been devel-oped for many cancer antibiotics and anti-parasitic drugs. Other challenges of medicinal plant research are link-ed to the loss of biodiversity and conservation within the framework of sustainable management. The advances in sourcing plant products for new chemical entities as lead compounds in pharmaceuticals are reviewed in this paper. Major aspects of therapeutics, such as anticancer, antibacterial, antitumour, antimicrobials, and the use of NAPRALERT Natural Product Database are also presented. Bulk packaging and labelling of pharmaceutical plant products, and loss of biodiversity are highlighted as key factors in sustainable drug development from plants.","PeriodicalId":9207,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87488003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Atomic absorption spectrophotometric determination of selenium concentrations in hair and nails of residents in Wassa West District of Ghana 原子吸收分光光度法测定加纳瓦沙西区居民头发和指甲中硒的浓度

British Journal of Applied Science and Technology Pub Date : 2011-03-25 DOI: 10.4314/JAST.V16I1-2.64786

B. Samlafo, P. Yeboah, Y. Serfor-Armah

引用次数: 1

Dependence of wedge transmission factor on co-60 teletherapy treatment depths and techniques 楔形传输系数对co-60远程治疗深度和技术的影响

British Journal of Applied Science and Technology Pub Date : 2011-03-25 DOI: 10.4314/JAST.V16I1-2.64790

S. Tagoe, E. Nani, E. Addison, A. Andam

{"title":"Dependence of wedge transmission factor on co-60 teletherapy treatment depths and techniques","authors":"S. Tagoe, E. Nani, E. Addison, A. Andam","doi":"10.4314/JAST.V16I1-2.64790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JAST.V16I1-2.64790","url":null,"abstract":"Measuring the wedge factor (WF) for radiation field of 10 x 10 cm2 at a specified depth and Source to Surface Distance (SSD), and applying the value to all treatment depths and technique could introduce errors > ± 5 % of threshold stipulated for patient radiation dose delivery. Therefore, some Treatment Planning Systems (TPSs) provide for inputs of separate Percentage Depth Dose (PDD) and Tissue Phantom Ratio (TPR) data for wedged fields to account for WF dependence of treatment depths and techniques. Hence, relatively more measurements than usual are taken per wedge filter and photon energy to establish a TPS and obtain dosimetric data for estima-ting treatment time for wedged fields, which required sophisticated equipment and procedures. While many On-cology Centres rely on International PDD and Tissue Maximum Ratio (TMR) data, benchmark data for wedged beams are not readily available. To provide radiotherapy dosimetry of high accuracy and expediency, two emp-irical equations were developed for a GWGP 80 Cobalt-60 teletherapy machine at the Oncology Department, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital (Ghana). The equations were validated via linear interpolations by measuring WFs at various treatment depths using Source Axial distance (SAD) and SSD treatment techniques. The approach required only measurements of WF for a 10 x 10 cm2 field at depth of 5 cm employing SSD treatment technique per wedge filter. Using the empirical equations, WFs were determined to within ± 0.50 % of the measured valu-es over the entire treatment depth range of 1.5 to 15.5 cm for SAD and SSD treatment techniques respectively; and WFs could be obtained for any treatment depth and technique.","PeriodicalId":9207,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91554160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2