Hygiene (Basel, Switzerland)最新文献

{"title":"Diabetes and Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy: What Can We Hope for?","authors":"S. A. Stoica, Giulia Valentini, M. Dolci, S. D’Agostino","doi":"10.3390/hygiene2020007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/hygiene2020007","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes and periodontal disease share the same inflammatory pattern. Both these pathologies, if left untreated, lead to a cytokine storm that carries pro-inflammatory factors throughout the body. Periodontitis has recently been assumed to be the sixth complication of diabetes and the latest studies suggest a biunivocal connection between these two conditions. Most recent evidence-based studies propose that having a controlled periodontal situation with proper and timely therapy could improve glycemic management in diabetic patients. In order to provide the newest findings on this topic, a systematic literature research was performed on PubMed following the PRISMA statement. The keywords used were: “Diabetes; Periodontitis; Non-surgical periodontal therapy”. Only free full texts and abstracts in English were enrolled considering a time range of the last 10 years, from 2011 to 2021. A total of 308 studies arose from the first search, and only 73 were strictly related to our topic, while 235 were excluded. The bidirectional link between diabetes and periodontitis is well known. To the best of our knowledge, in the last 10 years there is increasing evidence that non-surgical periodontal treatment is associated with improved glycemic control. Further studies are needed to empower this relation.","PeriodicalId":92037,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44884586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complementary Food Feeding Hygiene Practice and Associated Factors among Mothers with Children Aged 6–24 Months in Tegedie District, Northwest Ethiopia: Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Habtamu Teshome, W. W. Yallew, Jember Azanaw Mulualem, Garedew Tadege Engdaw, Agerie Mengistie Zeleke","doi":"10.3390/hygiene2020006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/hygiene2020006","url":null,"abstract":"The hygienic practices of mothers during complementary food feeding are crucial in the protection of vulnerable infants and children aged 6–24 months from childhood communicable diseases such as diarrhea and malnutrition. However, sufficient evidence on the hygienic practices of mothers during complementary food feeding and their associated factors is limited. Thus, this study is aimed at assessing the levels of complementary feeding hygiene practice and its associated factors among mothers of children aged 6–24 months in the Tegedie District, Northwest Ethiopia. Method: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 17 March to 17 April 2021, among 576 mothers with children aged 6–24 months in the Tegedie District, Northwest Ethiopia. A multistage sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire, then entered into Epi Data version 4.6 and exported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regressions were used to identify factors associated with outcome variables, and variables with p-values of <0.05 in the final models were considered statistically significant. Result: The prevalence of hygienic practice during complementary food feeding of their children aged 6–24 months was 33.6%, with 95% (CI 29.7% to 37.6%) of them having good practice. Living in an urban area (AOR = 7.02, 95% CI: (4.14, 11.88)), the presence of a handwashing facility near the latrine (AOR = 3.02, 95% CI: (1.18, 7.70)), the presence of a separate area to store raw and cooked foods (AOR = 5.87, 95% CI: (2.84, 12.13)), and the presence of a three-compartment dish washing system (AOR = 5.70, 95%,CI: (3.41, 9.54)) were predictors of practicing good hygienic complementary food feeding. The prevalence of good hygienic practices during complementary feeding among mothers was low. The district health office and health extension workers should work to improve maternal hygienic practices during complementary feeding.","PeriodicalId":92037,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45600933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Providing Sterile Orthopedic Implants: Challenges Associated with Multiple Reprocessing of Orthopedic Surgical Trays","authors":"D. M. Costa, K. Vickery, A. Tipple, Honghua Hu","doi":"10.3390/hygiene2010005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/hygiene2010005","url":null,"abstract":"Orthopedic implants, such as screws, are provided in a non-sterile state and must be reprocessed before each use, therefore they may be subjected to multiple reprocessing cycles until they are implanted in the patient. The effect of these various reprocessing cycles on the quality and safety of these implants has been a subject of concern and discussion around the world. In this narrative review, we discuss the four main challenges associated with supplying these non-sterile implants to the same standard, with respect to their quality and safety, as implants that are provided sterile: microbiological contamination (focusing on biofilm), non-microbiological contamination, surface damage, and their acquisition in surgical trays from loaner companies.","PeriodicalId":92037,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49001685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Policy Analysis of the Primary Health Care Approach in Liberia","authors":"Jeffrey E. Dadzie, Udhayashankar Kanagasabai","doi":"10.3390/hygiene2010004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/hygiene2010004","url":null,"abstract":"Primary health care (PHC), a holistic approach to health, was proposed at Alma-Ata in 1978 and has been the guiding principle for the health system rebuilding of Liberia, a post-conflict, low-income country. However, since its adoption, health care delivery and outcomes remain less than optimal. A comprehensive literature review of all current health policy documents in Liberia, with a focus on the PHC approach, was identified and analyzed using the Walt and Gilson policy framework. Three major policy-related gaps were identified. 1. The lack of explicit inclusion of the community as an actor in the formulation of several of the policy documents. 2. The lack of timely revision of some policy documents. 3. The lack of an explicit PHC strategic approach in the implementation plans of multiple policy documents. The poor health outcomes in Liberia, therefore, are indicative of problems with PHC that go beyond implementation to the policy level.","PeriodicalId":92037,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42339351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful Disinfection of a New Healthcare Facility Contaminated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa","authors":"A. Ficheux, Jérémy Réthoret, Jonas Laget, Cristel Baux, N. Gayrard, Flore Duranton, F. Vetromile, I. Szwarc, Chantal Cazevieille, M. Servel, À. Argilés","doi":"10.3390/hygiene2010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/hygiene2010001","url":null,"abstract":"Contamination of water use points in health establishments is a frequent and concerning problem. Maintenance and disinfection of water systems can be inefficient. Sterilizing filters are commonly used at selected taps. We report diagnostic and corrective approaches that have succeeded in making a contaminated health facility sustainably compatible with its activity without restriction in taps use. The zones contaminated with pseudomonas as well as those, along the water networks, at risk of biofilm development were identified. Corrective measures on the network and various types of decontamination were carried out. At the end of this work, the bacterial load in the water significantly decreased and 219 out of 223 controls were negative for P. aeruginosa over 3 years of follow-up. Four positive results were linked to three taps not used for care which were satisfactorily treated locally. Errors at the design and setup phases of health facilities may result in resistant bacterial contamination. P. aeruginosa contamination of newly built healthcare facilities is an underreported problem. Guidelines on design, disinfection, and monitoring procedures of water networks of healthcare facilities should be adapted consequently and would certainly improve the offered care limiting patients’ risk and avoid many unwanted financial situations for the providers.","PeriodicalId":92037,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46303517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pneumonic Plague: Incidence, Transmissibility and Future Risks","authors":"C. Evans","doi":"10.20944/preprints202112.0148.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202112.0148.v1","url":null,"abstract":"Pneumonic plague outbreaks are relatively infrequent in modern times but in the early part of the 20th century, they were commonplace including several well-documented epidemics responsible for the deaths of thousands. The transmissibility of this disease seems to be discontinuous since in some outbreaks few transmissions occur, while in others, the progression of the epidemic is explosive. Modern epidemiological studies explain that transmissibility within populations is heterogenous with relatively few subjects likely to be responsible for most transmissions and that ‘super spreading events’, particularly at the start of an outbreak, can lead to a rapid expansion of cases. These findings concur with outbreaks observed in real-world situations. It is often reported that pneumonic plague is rare and not easily transmitted but this view could lead to unnecessary complacency since future risks such as the spontaneous incidence of anti-microbial strains, climate change leading to a disruption of natural cycles within plague foci and use of plague as a bioweapon cannot be discounted. Carers and first responders are vulnerable, particularly in poorer countries where access to medicines may be limited, out-breaks occur in inaccessible areas or where there is a lack of surveillance due to a paucity of funds.","PeriodicalId":92037,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48102999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the Effect on Denture Base Metal of Cleaning with Denture Cleanser Using the Quartz Crystal Microbalance Method","authors":"Naoya Imaizumi, Toshitsugu Sakurai, Masatsugu Hirota, T. Hayakawa, C. Ohkubo","doi":"10.3390/hygiene1030012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/hygiene1030012","url":null,"abstract":"Denture plaque control for the prevention of aspiration pneumonia is very important. The pellicle is the major cause of denture plaque adhesion. Few basic studies have evaluated the effectiveness of denture cleansers for pellicles composed of salivary proteins. The adhesion of salivary proteins formed on denture base metal and the removal rate were quantitatively analyzed using the QCM method after denture cleanser injection. This is the first study to compare the cleaning effects of denture cleanser on denture base metal using the QCM method. Au and Ti sensors were employed as the denture base metals. Albumin was used for the adsorption of salivary proteins. The results showed that no significant difference was found between Au and Ti in the amounts of albumin adsorbed, and the rate of albumin removal from Ti was significantly higher than that of Au. In this study, the cleaning effectiveness of denture cleanser was confirmed based on the adsorbed amount and the removal rate of salivary proteins adsorbed onto denture base metals. Thus, the QCM method was suggested to be a useful tool for removing the effects of salivary proteins from denture cleaning agents on denture base metal.","PeriodicalId":92037,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46283009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facing COVID-19: Quantifying the Use of Reusable vs. Disposable Facemasks","authors":"D. Spennemann","doi":"10.3390/hygiene1030011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/hygiene1030011","url":null,"abstract":"Following the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020, many governments have recommended or mandated the wearing of fitted face masks to limit the transmission of the virus via aerosols. The public had, in essence, two choices: single-use, disposable surgical masks and multi-use, washable cloth masks. While the use of cloth masks has been discussed, there are, at present no baseline data that establish the actual proportions of mask types worn in the public. This paper, which presents the findings of rapid walk-through surveys of shopping venues in Albury (Southern New South Wales, Australia), demonstrates that, overall, 33.6% of masks worn by the public were cloth masks.","PeriodicalId":92037,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48494520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends of Major Foodborne Outbreaks in the European Union during the Years 2015–2019","authors":"M. Schirone, P. Visciano","doi":"10.3390/hygiene1030010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/hygiene1030010","url":null,"abstract":"The incidence of the most common foodborne outbreaks reported by the European Food Safety Authority and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control during the years 2015–2019 is described. Campylobacter spp., Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, and Yersinia enterocolitica are the investigated microorganisms, and symptomatology, food categories responsible for human disease, as well as some prevention measures are the most important information schedules supplied to the readers. Campylobacteriosis and salmonellosis are the most common zoonoses with a notification rate of 59.7 and 20.0 per 100,000 population, respectively, in the year 2019. Good hygienic practices both at farm and domestic level could prevent such infections. The highest number of deaths is reported for listeriosis, corresponding to 31 fatal events in the year 2019. Therefore, awareness of the hazards linked to L. monocytogenes is particularly recommended amongst high-risk groups. By contrast, most cases of yersiniosis are sporadic and the most important prophylactic measures include adequate sanitation in pork chain, personnel hygiene, and protection of water supplies.","PeriodicalId":92037,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44919119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clostridioides difficile Infection Rates after Ceftolozane–Tazobactam and Ceftazidime–Avibactam Treatment Compared to Carbapenem Treatment: A Retrospective Single-Center Study","authors":"N. Godefroy, H. Junot, L. Drieux-Rouzet, Cyril Méloni, C. Luyt, J. Robert, A. Bleibtreu","doi":"10.3390/hygiene1030009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/hygiene1030009","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Ceftolozane–tazobactam (CT) and ceftazidime–avibactam (CZA) are new beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitors (BL/IBL) and antibiotics. There are few data regarding their impact on Clostridioides difficile infections (CDI). The objective of our study was, therefore, to determine and compare the number of CDI occurring after treatment with CT or CZA and carbapenem (CBP). Methods: All patients who received at least one dose of CT or CZA in our hospital between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2019 were included. We compared, during the same period, the number of CDI after CT or CZA treatment and CBPs by using a chi-square test of Fischer’s exact test when required. p value < 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: Among the 53 patients receiving CZA and 42 patients receiving CT, two and one, respectively, developed a CDI within 90 days. Of the three (3%) patients who developed a CDI, one died 15 days after his second CDI (36 days after initiation of CZA). Of the 2291 patients receiving CBP, 37 (1.6%) developed a CDI within 90 days. There was no significant difference between the number of CDI occurring after CBP and CT or CZA treatment. CT or CZA use is not associated with an increased rate of CDI compared to CBP.","PeriodicalId":92037,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43040349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}