Anatomy最新文献

{"title":"Hibiscus ameliorates salt-induced carotid intima-media thickness in albino rats","authors":"Fidel Gwala, William Sibuor, B. Olabu, A. Pulei, J. Ogeng’o","doi":"10.2399/ana.19.042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2399/ana.19.042","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is a known biomarker of clinical and subclinical cardiovascular events and evaluation of therapeutic action. Excessive salt directly causes changes in the common carotid intima and media layers and has been linked to hypertensive disease resulting to changes on vascular structure. Hibiscus sabdariffa is a traditional herbal drink with antihypertensive effects. The anatomical aspects of its effects however, are largely unknown. This study therefore, investigated the effects of hibiscus extract on CIMT in rats fed with a high-salt diet. Methods: Young albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) were divided into three groups: (A) high-salt diet alone, (B) high-salt diet and Hibiscus sabdariffa extract and (C) control group fed a normal diet for 8 weeks. Specimens from carotid arteries of rats were fixated and processed for paraffin embedding. Seven-micrometer thick sections were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin stain and examined under light microscopy. Morphometric measurements were taken to determine the CIMT. Results: High-salt diet increased CIMT from 497.86 µm to 697.85 µm in 8 weeks. In Hibiscus sabdariffa extract fed rats, the CIMT decreased to 542.85 µm (p<0.05) by week 8. Conclusion: Hibiscus sabdariffa extract ameliorates salt-induced increase in CIMT in rats in a time-dependent manner. This implies that Hibiscus sabdariffa products may have therapeutic value in salt-induced vascular morbidity.","PeriodicalId":91999,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81117265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mystery of Anatomy: Robert Knox","authors":"Şenay Gül, Serap Şahinoğlu","doi":"10.2399/ana.19.062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2399/ana.19.062","url":null,"abstract":"Anatomy has been an integral part of medical education for thousands of years. From the past to the present, the corpses on the dissection tables have often been the bodies of people dismissed by the community, such as dead prisoners or the homeless. While dissection studies continued in a similar manner until the early nineteenth century, the works of Robert Knox, an anatomist from Edinburgh, played an important role in the emergence of the Anatomy Act, one of the most striking developments in the field of anatomy. Robert Knox was a scientist not only interested in anatomy but also art. His contributions to anatomy and his work in the field of art failed to attract sufficient and necessary attention due to murders of innocent people committed by William Hare and William Burke. They murdered these people in order to ensure the supply of cadavers to anatomists and physicians and compromised Robert Knox as a knowing participant. This study aims to bring Robert Knox’s contributions to anatomy and art to light by considering the period in which he lived, the Industrial Revolution.","PeriodicalId":91999,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78671604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstracts for the 20th National Anatomy Congress 27–31 August 2019, Istanbul, Turkey","authors":"Gulgun Sengul","doi":"10.2399/ana.19.s2s85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2399/ana.19.s2s85","url":null,"abstract":"Special issue includes abstracts for the 20th National Anatomy Congress 27–31 August 2019, Istanbul, Turkey","PeriodicalId":91999,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82794158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Welcome Address of the Congress President","authors":"U. Sakul","doi":"10.2399/ana.19.s2sv","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2399/ana.19.s2sv","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91999,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90989357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of posture and flexibility in ballet dancers","authors":"H. Öktem, C. Pelin, A. Kürkçüoğlu, Merve İzci, Tuğçe Şençelikel","doi":"10.2399/ana.19.058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2399/ana.19.058","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Ballet dancers require a high level of control on their muscles in order to perform various dance figures. Special ballet moves require adaptive changes in order to maintain posture while performing classical ballet dance. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the differences in body postures and range of motion in certain joints between female classical ballet students and female non-dancer students. Methods: Fifty nine female university students participated in the study; 30 were studying classical ballet at Hacettepe University Ankara State Conservatory and 29 were studying at Baflkent University with no professional dancing history. Students in both groups were compared by conducting a body posture analysis anteriorly, laterally and posteriorly with the symmetrigraf chart. Range of motion of the joints was measured using a goniometer and distances were measured using an anthropometer. Results: Ballet education was a factor in the development of hallux valgus and genu varum deformities (p 0.05). The median values of body flexion and hyperextension showed statistically significant differences between the two groups (p<0.001). Conclusion: Postural defects caused by the adaptive changes that occur during ballet training can be assessed easily by using a symmetrigra. It is also possible to evaluate the degree of the deformities that can develop by time.","PeriodicalId":91999,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76697963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fingerprint pattern similarity: a family-based study using novel classification","authors":"E. Aigbogun, C. Ibeachu, Ann Monima Lemuel","doi":"10.2399/ana.19.065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2399/ana.19.065","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Establishing that certain traits are inherited can be assessed from the extent of morphological similarity of the offspring and their parents. This study, evaluated the pattern similarity of the fingerprint of offspring to that of their parents using a novel classification. Methods: Fifty families (comprising of father, mother and a child) without ethnic considerations were recruited and digital fingerprints were obtained. The fingerprints; arch (A), loop (L), and whorl (W) were identified and a novel classification (A, L, W, AL, AW, and LW) for heredity study as described by Aigbogun et al.(2018) was adopted. Chi-square analysis was used to test distribution differences, while a pedigree tree was designed for the offspring’s similarity to the parents. Results: In this study, loop (L) was consistently predominant both as single (>60%) and combined distribution (>75%), followed by whorl ( 0.05). From the pedigree tree, the possibility that the offspring displayed patterns similar to that of the parental combinations was 84% for the thumb, 76% for the index finger, 84% for the middle finger, 88% for the ring finger, and 92% for the little finger. Conclusion: Morphological evidence from this study suggests that fingerprints are more genetically determined than environmentally influenced; however, the pattern in which they are inherited seemed closer to co-recessivity with complex expressivity.","PeriodicalId":91999,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87029613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dimensional assessment of the tensor fascia lata muscle in fetal cadavers with meningomyelocele for flap surgery","authors":"O. Beger","doi":"10.2399/ana.19.064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2399/ana.19.064","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The tensor fasciae latae (TFL) muscle may be preferred for the closure of superficial dorsal layers in patients with meningomyelocele (MMC). This study aimed to display the algebraic anatomy of TFL in fetal cadavers with MMC compared to that in normal fetuses. Methods: Seven formalin-fixed fetuses with MMC (4 males and 3 females) aged from 18 to 27 weeks of gestation were dissected. A digital caliper (for the length and width of TFL) and digital image analysis software (for the surface area of TFL) were used to perform morphometric measurements. The numerical values of this study were compared with the calculated data obtained from the regression formula of a previously published article, considering fetal cadavers at the same gestational week. Results: No statistically significant difference was observed between the quantitative values related to TFL sizes in terms of side and gender (p>0.05). Considering the calculated data obtained from the regression formulas, TFL dimensions in fetal cadavers with MMC did not statistically differ from normal fetuses without any malformations (p>0.05). TFL sizes including length, area, and width in some fetuses with MMC were smaller (3 fetal cadavers) or larger (1 fetal cadaver) than those of normal fetuses described previously. Conclusion: TFL sizes including length, width and surface area in fetal cadavers with MMC were found similar to normal fetuses, statistically. Taking into account the individual differences related to TFL dimensions, whether MMC influences lower extremity muscle morphology should be examined in future studies. This anatomical knowledge related to TFL in fetuses with MMC should be taken into account when designing flap size. Objectives: The tensor fasciae latae (TFL) muscle may be preferred for the closure of superficial dorsal layers in patients with meningomyelocele (MMC). This study aimed to display the algebraic anatomy of TFL in fetal cadavers with MMC compared to that in normal fetuses. Methods: Seven formalin-fixed fetuses with MMC (4 males and 3 females) aged from 18 to 27 weeks of gestation were dissected. A digital caliper (for the length and width of TFL) and digital image analysis software (for the surface area of TFL) were used to perform morphometric measurements. The numerical values of this study were compared with the calculated data obtained from the regression formula of a previously published article, considering fetal cadavers at the same gestational week. Results: No statistically significant difference was observed between the quantitative values related to TFL sizes in terms of side and gender (p>0.05). Considering the calculated data obtained from the regression formulas, TFL dimensions in fetal cadavers with MMC did not statistically differ from normal fetuses without any malformations (p>0.05). TFL sizes including length, area, and width in some fetuses with MMC were smaller (3 fetal cadavers) or larger (1 fetal cadaver) than those of normal fetuse","PeriodicalId":91999,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82756957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A morphometric study of the odontoid process using three-dimensional computed tomography (3-D CT) reconstruction","authors":"Ece Ali̇m, K. Atalar, İ. Gülekon","doi":"10.2399/ana.19.038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2399/ana.19.038","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphometric parameters of the odontoid process using 3-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of computed tomography (CT) images and investigate the applicability of using one or two screws for fixing odontoid process fractures. Methods: CT images of 100 patients (55 males, 45 females) were transferred to the OsiriX program in DICOM format and converted into three dimensional images using the 3D volume rendering feature. Male and female groups were divided into 8–30, 31–50 and over 50 age groups and features of the odontoid process were measured. Results: In the coronal plane, the minimum external transverse length of the odontoid process (OPmin) was highest in males over 50 year of age with a value of 11.3 mm. In the sagittal plane, the combination of anterior-posterior length of the odontoid process and vertebral body (OPAP) was highest in the males over 50 (14.5 mm). The length of the line taken from the anterior-inferior corner of the vertebral body to the top of odontoid process (LAIT) was measured the highest measured as 45.2 mm in males over 50. These measurements were higher in males than females. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that it is possible to use a single 4.5 mm or 3.5 mm cannulated screw in the Turkish population. The application of two 3.5 mm screws was found to be appropriate in 76% of males and 62% of females.","PeriodicalId":91999,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85929448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contribution of 3D modeling to anatomy education: a pilot study","authors":"H. Öktem, Tuğçe Şençelikel, Ece Akçiçek, A. Koçyiğit, U. Penekli, Sezin Sungur, Beste Tanriyakul, Başak Naz Ulusoy","doi":"10.2399/ana.19.054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2399/ana.19.054","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Traditional anatomy education involves theoretical lectures and practical applications, including examination of cadavers and models. In recent years, new technologies in biomedical fields have included three-dimensional (3D) modeling techniques that enable rapid creation of a 3D computer version of physical models. Such 3D modeling can be used as an active educational tool that enables students to better understand organs and how these organs are positioned relative to one another in anatomy education. The aim of this study was to analyze how the active role and involvement of students in 3D modeling contributes to anatomy education and 3D thinking. Methods: In this study, 29 Term II students studying in the Baflkent University School of Medicine were enrolled with 3D modeling training based on an anonymized CT sample. In addition to defining anatomic structures observed in the sections, 3D images of the common carotid artery, thyroid gland and trachea were obtained using the TT3D-BMMP software, and the position of these structures relative to one another was evaluated. The results of the anatomy quizzes given before and after the 3D modeling training were statistically evaluated. Results: A statistically significant difference was found between the results of the quizzes administered before and after the training (p<0.001). However, no statistically significant difference was found between male and female students in terms of the quiz results before training, while a significant difference was found in the quiz results after training. Conclusion: We believe that sectional and radiological identification and recognition of anatomical structures by the students through 3D modeling will facilitate their anatomy education and be beneficial in terms of clinical practices in the future.","PeriodicalId":91999,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86422447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is femoral artery calcification a sign of mortality in elderly hip fractures?","authors":"Özhan Pazarci, Cihat Ekici, K. Yazıcı, S. Kılınç, H. Öztürk","doi":"10.2399/ana.19.051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2399/ana.19.051","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: It is important to determine the risks of mortality in elderly patients with hip fractures. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of femoral artery calcification on mortality risk in patients with cemented partial hip prosthesis. Methods: The study included 145 patients (≥65-years-old) with cemented partial hip prosthesis operated following hip fracture. Patients were divided into two groups: Group (1) included those without femoral artery calcification, and Group (2) with femoral artery calcifications observed on direct radiography. Age, gender, duration of hospitalization, time of death and follow-up duration, ASA score, anesthesia type, fracture type, complication and time of operation for patients were compared between two groups. Results: After exclusion of certain patients due to lack of necessary information in their documents, a total of 116 patients were investigated. The mean age of patients was 81.52±6.82. Mean follow-up duration was 35.39 (range: 0–76) months. Three out of 116 patients died after some complications during surgery. Mean time of death after surgery was 21.21 months in Group 1 and 23.86 months in Group 2 (p=0.628). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that femoral artery calcification in patients with cemented prosthesis due to hip fracture at advanced age had no effect on mortality. However, there is a need for advanced studies with larger patient groups.","PeriodicalId":91999,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89102213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}