The University of Louisville journal of respiratory infections最新文献_第6页

Improvement Cycles in Medical Education: From Quality Improvement to Patient Care and Clinical Research 医学教育的改进周期:从质量改进到病人护理和临床研究

The University of Louisville journal of respiratory infections Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.18297/jri/vol5/iss1/22

Julio Ramirez

引用次数: 0

International Respiratory Infections Society COVID Research Conversations: Podcast 2 with Dr. Michael S. Niderman and Dr. Edward J. Schenck 国际呼吸道感染学会COVID研究对话:播客2与Michael S. Niderman博士和Edward J. Schenck博士

The University of Louisville journal of respiratory infections Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.18297/jri/vol5/iss1/6

Julio A. Ramirez

引用次数: 0

Characteristics and outcomes of bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia of patients with and without HIV infection in Argentina 阿根廷HIV感染者和非HIV感染者细菌性肺炎球菌肺炎的特点和结局

The University of Louisville journal of respiratory infections Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.18297/jri/vol5/iss1/17

Alejandra González, Mariano Fielli, Cytia Guzmán, G. Yusti, Pablo Idoyaga, A. Fernández

{"title":"Characteristics and outcomes of bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia of patients with and without HIV infection in Argentina","authors":"Alejandra González, Mariano Fielli, Cytia Guzmán, G. Yusti, Pablo Idoyaga, A. Fernández","doi":"10.18297/jri/vol5/iss1/17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18297/jri/vol5/iss1/17","url":null,"abstract":"Streptococcus pneumoniae is the main causative agent of pneumonia, with a 10 to 25 percent rate of isolation in blood cultures. Controversies exist regarding the prognostic impact of a history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection on community-acquired pneumonia. The aim of our work was to analyze and compare the clinical presentation, radiological findings and progression of pneumococcal pneumonia in patients infected with and not infected with HIV. We retrospectively analyzed adult patients with positive blood cultures for Streptococcus pneumoniae and clinical and radiological findings compatible with pneumonia in the period between January 2012 and May 2017. Age, sex, comorbidities, clinical and laboratory variables, radiological severity, progression and mortality were analyzed. Comparative analysis between HIV-positive and -negative patients was carried out. Receiver operating curves (ROC) for CURB65 were performed to predict mortality in both groups. We included 107 patients (21 HIV-positive and 86 HIV-negative). HIV patients were on average younger (38 vs 58 years) with lower hematocrits (31.7 vs 36.5%) and fewer comorbidities (47 vs 72%). Overall mortality was 36 percent, and the area under the curve (AUC) of the CURB-65 ROC was 0.69 (95% confidence interval: 0.58–0.79) for all patients without differences between the two groups. Patients with a history of HIV infection had the same progression and mortality as the group of patients without that background.","PeriodicalId":91979,"journal":{"name":"The University of Louisville journal of respiratory infections","volume":"208 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76576122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prion Disease: A Challenging Diagnosis 朊病毒病:一个具有挑战性的诊断

The University of Louisville journal of respiratory infections Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.18297/jri/vol5/iss1/29

Jeffrey F. Spindel

{"title":"Prion Disease: A Challenging Diagnosis","authors":"Jeffrey F. Spindel","doi":"10.18297/jri/vol5/iss1/29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18297/jri/vol5/iss1/29","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Human prion diseases are a group of rare en- cephalopathies resulting in rapidly progressive dementia and ultimately death. While there are no effective treatments for any form of prion disease, prompt and efficient diagnosis is essential to prevent the spread of the self-propagating pro- tein, which may occur through aerosols, and avoid unnecessary or invasive testing. Diagnosis relies largely on physical examination, with many nonspecific findings, and laboratory testing, which has wide ranges of reported accuracy and high false positive rates with diseases such as Alzheimer’s dementia. Methods: Patients who underwent testing for prion dis- ease were retrospectively identified from the electronic health records at a single-center university hospital. Presenting symptoms, as well as laboratory, radiographic, and electroencephalogram findings, were recorded and analyzed by group of final diagnosis, including prion disease, not prion disease, and undiagnosed. Results: There were 27 patients identified, two who had a final diagnosis of prion disease, 20 who had a formal diagnosis other than prion disease, and five who remained undiagnosed until death. There was a high degree of overlap in present- ing symptoms. A high rate of false positive laboratory values, higher than previously reported, occurred for both the protein 14-3-3","PeriodicalId":91979,"journal":{"name":"The University of Louisville journal of respiratory infections","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83573178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

COVID-19 Detection from Chest X-ray Images using CNNs Models: Further Evidence from Deep Transfer Learning 使用cnn模型从胸部x射线图像中检测COVID-19:来自深度迁移学习的进一步证据

The University of Louisville journal of respiratory infections Pub Date : 2020-06-18 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3630150

Mohamed Samir Boudrioua

引用次数: 17

COPD exacerbation caused by SARS-CoV-2: A Case Report from the Louisville COVID-19 Surveillance Program 由SARS-CoV-2引起的COPD加重:路易斯维尔COVID-19监测项目的病例报告

The University of Louisville journal of respiratory infections Pub Date : 2020-04-08 DOI: 10.18297/JRI/VOL4/ISS1/5

F. Arnold, K. Mahmood, Angeline Prabhu, Darmaan Aden, Anupama Raghuram, Mark V. Burns, Leslie A Beavin, D. Chung, K. Palmer, J. Ramirez

引用次数: 6

Characteristics and Outcomes of Adults Hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Louisville, Kentucky 肯塔基州路易斯维尔市SARS-CoV-2社区获得性肺炎住院成人的特征和结局

The University of Louisville journal of respiratory infections Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18297/jri/vol4/iss1/72

J. Ramirez

{"title":"Characteristics and Outcomes of Adults Hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Louisville, Kentucky","authors":"J. Ramirez","doi":"10.18297/jri/vol4/iss1/72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18297/jri/vol4/iss1/72","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Patients infected with the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 are frequently hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). The objective of this study was to define the clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 CAP in the city of Louisville, KY. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study of 700 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection hospitalized to eight of the adult hospitals in the city of Louisville. Patients with 1) a positive RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2, 2) fever, cough, or shortness of breath, and 3) an infiltrate at chest imaging were defined as having SARS-CoV-2 CAP. Demographic characteristics of the study population were compared with census data from the city of Louisville. For each patient more than 500 variables were abstracted from electronic medical records and recorded using Research Electronic Data Capture software. Data was analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics using R version 3.4.0. Results: SARS-CoV-2 CAP was identified in 632 (90%) patients hospitalized with COVID-19. The median age of the patients was 63 years, 53% were females, 31% were black and 12% Hispanic. The most frequent comorbidities were hypertension (56%), obesity (50%), and diabetes (33%). Mortality was 17% for the total population and 34% for the 249 patients admitted to ICU. For each category of race, ethnicity and comorbidities, the proportion of hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 CAP was significantly different when compared to the Louisville population (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Patients of black race, Hispanic ethnicity, and patients with history of hypertension, obesity or diabetes are overrepresented among hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 CAP when compared to the Louisville population. Hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 CAP are likely to require ICU care, with death occurring in approximately one of six hospitalizations.","PeriodicalId":91979,"journal":{"name":"The University of Louisville journal of respiratory infections","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85708316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Life in the Time of COVID COVID时代的生活

The University of Louisville journal of respiratory infections Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18297/jri/vol4/iss1/12

Julio A. Ramirez

引用次数: 1

Community-Acquired Pneumonia due to Endemic Human Coronaviruses compared to 2019 Novel Coronavirus: A Review 地方性人类冠状病毒引起的社区获得性肺炎与2019年新型冠状病毒的比较:综述

The University of Louisville journal of respiratory infections Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18297/RGH/VOL4/ISS1/2

J. Ramirez, R. Carrico, R. Cavallazzi, Leslie A Beavin, Anupama Raghuram, Mark V. Burns, K. Mahmood, Darmaan Aden, Angeline Prabhu, Dawn Balcom, S. Furmanek, L. Wolf, K. Palmer, M. Tella, Connor Glick, F. Arnold

引用次数: 4

How Immune T-Cell Augmentation Can Help Prevent COVID-19: A Possible Nutritional Solution Using Ketogenic Lifestyle 免疫t细胞增强如何帮助预防COVID-19:使用生酮生活方式的可能营养解决方案

The University of Louisville journal of respiratory infections Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18297/JRI/VOL4/ISS1/7

Kamepalli, Fidsa, Cwsp, R. K

{"title":"How Immune T-Cell Augmentation Can Help Prevent COVID-19: A Possible Nutritional Solution Using Ketogenic Lifestyle","authors":"Kamepalli, Fidsa, Cwsp, R. K","doi":"10.18297/JRI/VOL4/ISS1/7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18297/JRI/VOL4/ISS1/7","url":null,"abstract":"It is time we realize that food is a form of healthcare and promote a proper human dietary lifestyle. What is normal for one person may be poison for another. Being and getting healthy should not be predicated by any disease or infection that is out there. We human beings, who have been living with microbes in and on us, should not be afraid of the bug of the day. Whatever we do to survive as a human, depends on complex interactions of each one’s immune system with their own environment and how their unique genetic system interacts with epigenetic mechanisms with food, being the biggest influence. The interaction between multiple factors (environment, lifestyle, genetic/epigenetics, microbiome, lipidology, and immunology) predispose or protect one from acute or chronic disease processes and nutrition is the most important stimulation human genes get influenced by (Figure 1). The current mass medicine mindset helps with population-based theory generation, but the real solutions must be based on the N=1 personalized approach—if we have to fight the bug of the day. The dietary lifestyle one follows has a lot to do with the outcome of a disease process.","PeriodicalId":91979,"journal":{"name":"The University of Louisville journal of respiratory infections","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88565611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8