Journal of reproductive health and medicine最新文献

{"title":"Nuclear receptor peroxisomal proliferators activated receptors-gamma ligands decrease histone acetylation and attenuate CYP19 gene expression by chromatin remodeling in buffalo (Bubalis bubalis) granulosa cells","authors":"Isha Sharma,&nbsp;Dheer Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.jrhm.2014.09.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrhm.2014.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Role of peroxisomal proliferator activated receptors-gamma (PPARγ) in regulating fertility establishes it as novel signal for the integration of energy balance and reproduction. PPARγ ligands are known to down regulate <span><em>CYP19</em></span><span> gene expression, a candidate gene encoding rate-limiting enzyme aromatase involved in estradiol-17β biosynthesis. It has been well established that </span><em>CYP19</em><span> gene is regulated epigenetically during folliculogenesis<span> and luteinization. In the present study, we investigated if PPARγ ligands epigenetically regulate </span></span><em>CYP19</em> gene.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span><span>The total acetylation of </span>histone H3 (K9/14) and difference in enrichment of acetylated histone H3 (K9/14) on </span><em>CYP19</em> gene promoter were analyzed by western analysis and ChIP assay, respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span><span>Result showed that acetylated histone H3 (K9/14) is down-regulated in granulosa cells treated with PPARγ ligands, whereas its expression was reversed when cells were treated with PPARγ antagonist. To validate further, analysis of </span>histone modification under basal and treated conditions using a ChIP assay revealed that the </span><em>CYP19</em> gene proximal promoter (PII, known to be ovary-specific promoter) was 450 and 550 fold more enriched with acetylated histone H3 (K9/14) in control and antagonist (GW9662) treated cells, respectively, than the ligand treated cells. The present study demonstrated that <em>CYP19</em> gene proximal promoter (PII) was more accessible to transcription in control than treated cells.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In conclusion, the present findings provide a novel mechanistic insight into nuclear receptor PPARγ mediated decrease in acetylated histone H3 (K9/14) which in turn remodel chromatin through histone modification and regulate key steroidogenic gene in buffalo granulosa cells.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":91915,"journal":{"name":"Journal of reproductive health and medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jrhm.2014.09.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137088927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tumor necrosis factor alpha promoter polymorphism studies in pregnant women","authors":"Imran Ali Khan ,&nbsp;Vasundhara Kamineni ,&nbsp;Subhadra Poornima ,&nbsp;Parveen Jahan ,&nbsp;Qurratulain Hasan ,&nbsp;Pragna Rao","doi":"10.1016/j.jrhm.2015.01.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrhm.2015.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><p>The aim of this study was to explore the possible association between the −850<!--> <span><span><span>C/T polymorphism in the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) gene promoter, and pregnancy-associated diseases such as </span>gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and </span>preeclampsia<span> (PE), in south Indian women. GDM and PE are common complications that occur during pregnancy and are the leading causes of perinatal mortality. To date, the mechanisms that initiate GDM and PE in humans have remained elusive.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This prospective case-control study was carried out with 505 pregnant women: 140 women had GDM, and 105 with PE. Remaining 260 women were age- and frequency-matched controls. TNF-α (–C850T) genotyping was determined by polymerase chain reaction with restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Result</h3><p>We found no statistically significant difference in the genotypic and allelic distribution between GDM women and controls (for CT + TT vs. CC, χ² = 0.3919; <em>p</em> = 0.61; Odds Ratio (OR) = 0.76 (95% CI: 0.203–1.876)). No significant differences was observed in the allele and genotype frequency between PE women and controls (for CT + TT vs. CC, <em>p</em> = 0.31; OR = 0.55 (95% CI: 0.171–1.784); T vs. C, <em>p</em> = 0.71; OR = 0.94 (95% CI: 0.680–1.3)).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>From our results, we conclude that the (–C850T) promoter polymorphism has no role in the propensity of pregnant women from south Indian populations to develop GDM or PE.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":91915,"journal":{"name":"Journal of reproductive health and medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jrhm.2015.01.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137088928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypic expression and polymorphism of Glutathione S Transferase gene in materno-fetal dyads with idiopathic fetal growth restriction","authors":"Nilesh Chandra ,&nbsp;Mohit Mehndiratta ,&nbsp;B.D. Banerjee ,&nbsp;K. Guleria ,&nbsp;A.K. Tripathi","doi":"10.1016/j.jrhm.2015.01.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrhm.2015.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p><span><span>Incidence of fetal growth<span><span> restriction (FGR) in India is quite high, and FGR has been found to be associated with various non-infectious diseases including coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus and </span>metabolic syndrome. Moreover, 40% of FGR is termed idiopathic (IFGR) for which cause is not known. </span></span>Oxidative stress, which is postulated to have a role in FGR, is modulated by polymorphism of antioxidant genes. This study aims to examine association of </span>GST<span> polymorphism and enzymatic activity with incidence of FGR.</span></p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p><span>150 unrelated live births participated as dyads (mother and neonate). 75 consecutive IFGR materno-fetal dyads (referred subsequently as IFGR mother and IFGR neonate) were recruited as cases. Polymorphic analysis of GSTT1 and GSTM1 were carried out by </span>multiplex PCR. Glutathione-S-transferase activity in serum was measured using 1-chloro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) as substrate.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Incidence of GSTT1 null type is significantly higher in IFGR fetus and their mothers (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). Incidence of GSTM1 null type is significantly higher in IFGR fetus (<em>p</em> = 0.001). GST activity levels in mothers giving birth to IFGR babies was about 50% of the values found in the control group (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). The GST activity levels in control group was found to be 50% higher than the FGR babies (<em>p</em> = 0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our results show that there is definite association between polymorphism of GST genes and incidence of IFGR. Simultaneously, our study also found a correlation between maternal GST activity and fetal weight.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":91915,"journal":{"name":"Journal of reproductive health and medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jrhm.2015.01.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137088929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxygen and glucose dependent viability of HLA-G positive and negative trophoblasts using ACH-3P cells as first trimester trophoblast-derived cell model","authors":"Julia D. Fröhlich ,&nbsp;Gernot Desoye ,&nbsp;Julia König ,&nbsp;Berthold Huppertz","doi":"10.1016/j.jrhm.2015.01.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrhm.2015.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><p><span>During pregnancy HLA-G negative proliferative trophoblasts at the tips of anchoring villi form cell columns from which HLA-G positive extravillous trophoblasts invade maternal tissues. During the first trimester of pregnancy an oxygen gradient ranges from placental low to decidual high oxygen, which may have a differential impact on survival of the two trophoblast subpopulations. Moreover, diabetes-associated </span>hyperglycemia may also influence trophoblast proliferation.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>ACH-3P cells were separated by magnetic beads into HLA-G positive and negative cells and checked by PCR and Western blotting. Cell cultures were performed under varying oxygen and glucose concentrations. Numbers of viable and dead cells were assessed and used to calculate proliferation rates.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>After separation, HLA-G positive and negative first trimester trophoblast-derived ACH-3P cells exhibit fewer viable cells under hyperglycemia at 2.5% and 8% oxygen, while at 21% oxygen no viable cells were detectable. Cell numbers of HLA-G negative cells were higher compared to HLA-G positive cells at 2.5% and 8% oxygen, while there were significantly less cells at 8% compared to 2.5% only in HLA-G positive cells.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>We conclude that the separated cell types are sensitive to both oxygen and glucose independent from each other. Furthermore, oxygen may be one regulator to reduce proliferation of invading HLA-G positive trophoblasts, while alterations in the oxygen gradient early in pregnancy may have deleterious effects on the number of invading extravillous trophoblasts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":91915,"journal":{"name":"Journal of reproductive health and medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jrhm.2015.01.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137088930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why does human chorionic gonadotropin have such a broad regulatory roles in the body and are they totally unexpected?","authors":"C.V. Rao,&nbsp;Carlo Ticconi","doi":"10.1016/j.jrhm.2014.09.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrhm.2014.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91915,"journal":{"name":"Journal of reproductive health and medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jrhm.2014.09.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137088931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Herbal remedies and traditional medicines in reproductive health care practices and their clinical evaluation","authors":"Ranjit Roy Chaudhury","doi":"10.1016/j.jrhm.2015.01.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrhm.2015.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91915,"journal":{"name":"Journal of reproductive health and medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jrhm.2015.01.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137088954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}