Journal of reproductive health and medicine最新文献

Fate of the germ cells in mammalian ovary: A review 哺乳动物卵巢生殖细胞的命运：综述

Journal of reproductive health and medicine Pub Date : 2020-11-18 DOI: 10.25259/jrhm_5_2020

P. Yadav, Anumegha Gupta, Alka Sharma, A. Yadav, M. Tiwari, A. Pandey, S. Prasad, T. G. Shrivastav, S. K. Chaube

{"title":"Fate of the germ cells in mammalian ovary: A review","authors":"P. Yadav, Anumegha Gupta, Alka Sharma, A. Yadav, M. Tiwari, A. Pandey, S. Prasad, T. G. Shrivastav, S. K. Chaube","doi":"10.25259/jrhm_5_2020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jrhm_5_2020","url":null,"abstract":"Ovary has a fix number of germ cells during fetal life in mammals. The germ cells are depleted rapidly and a large number of germ cells (≥99%) are eliminated from the cohort of ovary through follicular atresia during prepubertal life. The various cell death pathways including apoptosis, autophagy, necrosis, and necroptosis are involved in follicular atresia. Hence, <1% of germ cells are culminated into oocytes that are available for meiotic maturation and ovulation during entire reproductive life. These oocytes are arrested at diplotene stage of meiotic prophase-I and remain arrested for few months to several years during entire reproductive life. Resumption from diplotene arrest in follicular oocytes starts in response to gonadotropins surge and progresses through metaphase-I to metaphase-II stage that extrudes first polar body at the time of ovulation. Surprisingly, oocytes do not wait for fertilizing spermatozoa and quickly undergo abortive spontaneous oocyte activation (SOA) in few mammalian species including humans. The abortive SOA makes oocyte unfit for fertilization and limits assisted reproductive technologies outcome. Indeed, majority of germ cells and oocytes are eliminated from the cohort of ovary and only few oocyte that are of good quality get selectively recruited to become right gamete after ovulation during entire reproductive life span in mammals.","PeriodicalId":91915,"journal":{"name":"Journal of reproductive health and medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48445809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Endocrine disruption and female reproductive health: Implications on cross-talk between endocrine and autocrine/paracrine axes in the ovary 内分泌紊乱与女性生殖健康：卵巢内分泌轴和自分泌轴/旁分泌轴相互作用的意义

Journal of reproductive health and medicine Pub Date : 2020-11-10 DOI: 10.25259/jrhm_11_2020

Subhasri Biswas, U. Mukherjee, S. Maitra

{"title":"Endocrine disruption and female reproductive health: Implications on cross-talk between endocrine and autocrine/paracrine axes in the ovary","authors":"Subhasri Biswas, U. Mukherjee, S. Maitra","doi":"10.25259/jrhm_11_2020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jrhm_11_2020","url":null,"abstract":"Female reproduction is a blend of neuroendocrine, endocrine, and autocrine/paracrine factors that maintain the appropriate ovarian micro-environment. The growing urbanization prompted exposure to a myriad of environmental toxins carrying the ability to interfere with reproductive processes governed by endogenous hormones, making reproductive health a major global concern. These environmental anthropogenic contaminants, popularly termed as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), can disrupt the ovarian homeostasis leading to serious perturbations, namely, anovulation, infertility, estrogen deficiency, and premature ovarian failure. Although gonadotropin action, biosynthesis of gonadal steroids vis-a-vis growth factors comprise the essential modulators within the ovary, the redox balance along with inflammatory and cell death response can dramatically influence the framework of ovarian dynamics; however, details of which remain relatively less understood. The present overview provides an update on candidates (endocrines and autocrine/paracrine) of oogenesis, and the potential impact of EDCs on diverse intra-ovarian entities including but not limited to gonadotropin action, steroidogenic potential, expression of growth factors, and modulation of maturational competence. Moreover, the relative importance of free radical-induced stress, inflammation, and elevated cell death (follicular atresia), in the regulation of ovarian functions and how these intricate yet conjoined mechanisms may alter the reproductive performance of a female will be an issue of discussion.","PeriodicalId":91915,"journal":{"name":"Journal of reproductive health and medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45809856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Cyclic nucleotides regulate oocyte meiotic maturation and quality in mammals 环状核苷酸调节哺乳动物卵母细胞减数分裂成熟和质量

Journal of reproductive health and medicine Pub Date : 2020-11-06 DOI: 10.25259/jrhm_7_2020

Anumegha Gupta, M. Tiwari, Alka Sharma, A. Pandey, P. Yadav, Anil K. Yadav, S. Prasad, Ajai K. Pandey, T. G. Shrivastav, S. K. Chaube

{"title":"Cyclic nucleotides regulate oocyte meiotic maturation and quality in mammals","authors":"Anumegha Gupta, M. Tiwari, Alka Sharma, A. Pandey, P. Yadav, Anil K. Yadav, S. Prasad, Ajai K. Pandey, T. G. Shrivastav, S. K. Chaube","doi":"10.25259/jrhm_7_2020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jrhm_7_2020","url":null,"abstract":"Oocyte meiosis is a prolong series of events that are comprised several intermittent channels in mammals. Oocyte meiosis starts during fetal life and then gets arrested at diplotene stage of first meiotic prophase in follicular oocyte. The continuous transfer of cyclic adenosine 3’, 5’-monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine 3’, 5’-monophosphate (cGMP) from encircling granulosa cells to the oocyte through gap junctions helps in the maintenance of their high level required to achieve the long-lasting diplotene arrest so-called germinal vesicle stage. Phosphodiesterase inhibitors have been used to elevate intracellular level of both cyclic nucleotides and prevent spontaneous resumption of meiosis in oocytes under in vitro culture conditions. On the other hand, disruption of gap junction either by pituitary gonadotropin or by physical removal of encircling granulosa cells interrupts transfer of these nucleotides to the oocyte. As a result, intraoocyte cAMP as well as cGMP levels are decreased drastically that initiate downstream pathways to destabilize maturation-promoting factor (MPF). The destabilized MPF initiates meiotic resumption from diplotene arrest in mammalian oocytes. Oocyte meiosis further progresses from metaphase I to metaphase II stage and extrudes first polar body to get converted into haploid female gamete at the time of ovulation. Indeed, high level of cAMP as well as cGMP levels maintains diplotene arrest for a long time in follicular oocytes. On the other hand, transient decrease of their levels drives resumption from diplotene arrest, thereby meiotic maturation process, which enables oocyte to achieve developmental competency. Any defect in this process directly affects oocyte quality and thereby reproductive outcome in mammals including human.","PeriodicalId":91915,"journal":{"name":"Journal of reproductive health and medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46976943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Does elevated serum progesterone on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin administration decrease live birth rates? 人绒毛膜促性腺激素给药当天血清黄体酮升高会降低活产率吗?

Journal of reproductive health and medicine Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrhm.2016.11.008

K.C. Humm , Y. Ibrahim , L.E. Dodge , M.R. Hacker , K.L. Thornton , A.S. Penzias , D. Sakkas

引用次数: 2

Gene profiling the window of implantation: Microarray analyses from human and rodent models 植入窗口的基因分析:来自人类和啮齿动物模型的微阵列分析

Journal of reproductive health and medicine Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrhm.2016.11.006

Jennifer L. Herington , Yan Guo , Jeff Reese , Bibhash C. Paria

{"title":"Gene profiling the window of implantation: Microarray analyses from human and rodent models","authors":"Jennifer L. Herington , Yan Guo , Jeff Reese , Bibhash C. Paria","doi":"10.1016/j.jrhm.2016.11.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrhm.2016.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Poor uterine receptivity leads to implantation defects or failure. Identification of uterine molecules crucial to uterine receptivity and/or embryo implantation provides the opportunity to design a diagnostic screening toolkit for uterine receptivity or targeted drug discovery for treating implantation-based infertility. In this regard, gene-profiling studies performed in humans and rodents have identified numerous genes involved in the transcriptional regulation of uterine receptivity and embryo implantation. In this article, we compared available uterine microarray datasets collected during the time of uterine receptivity and implantation in humans, mice and hamsters to uncover conserved gene sets. We also compared the transcriptome signature of women with unexplained infertility (UIF) and recurrent implantation failure (RIF) to gain insight into genes potentially dysregulated during endometrial receptivity or embryo implantation. Among numerous differentially expressed genes, few were revealed that might have molecular diagnostic screening potential for identifying the uterine receptive state during the time of implantation. Finally, functional annotation of gene sets uncovered altered uterine apoptosis or cell adhesion pathways in women with UIF and RIF, respectively. These conserved or divergent gene sets provide insights into the uterine receptive state for supporting blastocyst implantation.</div>","PeriodicalId":91915,"journal":{"name":"Journal of reproductive health and medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jrhm.2016.11.006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34765958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Luteinizing hormone is a primary culprit in the endometrial carcinoma development in elderly women 黄体生成素是老年妇女子宫内膜癌发生的主要原因

Journal of reproductive health and medicine Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrhm.2016.06.001

C.V. Rao

{"title":"Luteinizing hormone is a primary culprit in the endometrial carcinoma development in elderly women","authors":"C.V. Rao","doi":"10.1016/j.jrhm.2016.06.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrhm.2016.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Endometrial carcinomas (ECs) are the most common gynecologic malignancies, exceeding the incidence of ovarian and cervical cancers in elderly women (post-menopausal) in Western countries. Evidence suggests that it is a luteinizing hormone (LH) dependent disease. ECs overexpress LH/human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) receptors as compared with pre and post-menopausal endometria. Activation of the LH/hCG receptors in primary and immortalized EC cells results in an increased cell proliferation and invasion, which are mediated by cyclic AMP(cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA) signaling, require the presence of LH/hCG receptors, activation of β1 integrin receptors and an increase in the secretion of metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in its active form. In addition to the endometrium, LH actions in the ovaries and adrenal glands results in an increased secretion of androgens, which are aromatized into estrogens in the adipose and EC tissues. LH also has direct effects in the pancreas, which results in an increase in insulin secretion, which in turn can also stimulate ovarian stromal cell proliferation, luteinization, androgens secretion and aromatization in adipose and EC tissues. LH is further elevated in post-menopausal women who develop EC as compared with post-menopausal women who do not develop the disease. These findings support complex network of LH actions that promote EC development in elderly women.</div>","PeriodicalId":91915,"journal":{"name":"Journal of reproductive health and medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jrhm.2016.06.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138281802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

A revised picture of extravillous trophoblast invasion 胞外滋养细胞侵袭的修正图

Journal of reproductive health and medicine Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrhm.2016.10.001

Gerit Moser, Monika Sundl, Michaela Lichtensteiner, Gregor Weiss, Berthold Huppertz

引用次数: 4

Ethical issues in biomedical use of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) 人类胚胎干细胞(hESCs)生物医学应用中的伦理问题

Journal of reproductive health and medicine Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrhm.2016.09.002

Debabrata Ghosh, Nalin Mehta, Asmita Patil, Jayasree Sengupta

{"title":"Ethical issues in biomedical use of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs)","authors":"Debabrata Ghosh, Nalin Mehta, Asmita Patil, Jayasree Sengupta","doi":"10.1016/j.jrhm.2016.09.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrhm.2016.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), owing to their potential promise to develop into any somatic cell type, have radicalized biotechnology research and application in clinical medicine. The source of hESCs has traditionally been viable cells retrieved from preimplantation stage embryos grown in culture in IVF-ET clinics. The present article deals with various crucial moral, ethical and governance issues pertaining to biomedical research and clinical application using hESCs. We have also addressed the progress of clinical translation of hESC biotechnology from its inception to the present scenario and its consequent societal impact today. Additionally, various safety factors which are to be instituted before clinical applications of hESC products to patients have been discussed. Finally, the ethical progress about the dilemma between treating the hESC as potential ‘human being’ and as an instrument to alleviate the sufferings of human race has been examined from various scientific and epistemic perspectives.</div>","PeriodicalId":91915,"journal":{"name":"Journal of reproductive health and medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jrhm.2016.09.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138281771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Cells with “Stemness”: Seeds for endometriosis? 具有“干性”的细胞:子宫内膜异位症的种子?

Journal of reproductive health and medicine Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrhm.2016.10.005

Diksha Shetty, Uddhav Chaudhari, Geetanjali Sachdeva

{"title":"Cells with “Stemness”: Seeds for endometriosis?","authors":"Diksha Shetty, Uddhav Chaudhari, Geetanjali Sachdeva","doi":"10.1016/j.jrhm.2016.10.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrhm.2016.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div>A major goal of regenerative medicine is to devise strategies to restore structure and function of damaged or lost organs/tissues. Stem cell therapy has emerged as one of the most promising tools in regenerative medicine. The ability to self-renew and differentiate into multiple cell types positions stem cells as wonder drugs or cellular drugs of the future. Recent accomplishments in transforming terminally differentiated cells to stem cells by reprogramming have widened the scope of opportunities for regenerative medicine. On the other hand, stem cells are believed to have a causal role in the pathogenesis of some diseases such as cancers. These wide-ranging clinical implications have driven researchers to search different tissues and organs for the presence of stem cells and characterize them further for their differentiation potential. The endometrium or the inner lining of the uterus has also been explored for the presence of stem cells. Endometrial stem cells (ESCs) have gained importance, not only because of their multi-potent nature but also due to the ease of their availability through a natural event i.e. menstruation. The first evidence for the presence of stem cells in human endometrium arrived in 2004. Since then, ESCs displaying different molecular phenotypes have been identified in humans. ESCs have been shown to differentiate into the cells of different lineages. Further, ESCs have been investigated for their potential role in some uterine pathologies. This review provides a bird's eye-view of our current understanding pertaining to the role of stem cells in the pathogenesis of endometriosis.</div>","PeriodicalId":91915,"journal":{"name":"Journal of reproductive health and medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jrhm.2016.10.005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138281794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Glycodelin A and galectin-1: Role in foetal tolerance 糖苷A和半乳糖凝集素-1:在胎儿耐受性中的作用

Journal of reproductive health and medicine Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrhm.2016.10.006

Akanksha Dixit, Anjali A. Karande

{"title":"Glycodelin A and galectin-1: Role in foetal tolerance","authors":"Akanksha Dixit, Anjali A. Karande","doi":"10.1016/j.jrhm.2016.10.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrhm.2016.10.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Foetal immunotolerance is one of the major challenges of pregnancy which is surmounted in part by both, the foetus and the mother. This review highlights the role of two decidual proteins, galectin-1 and glycodelin A (GdA) in achieving localized immunosuppressive state in the uterus. The two proteins have similar effects on T cells, inhibiting their proliferation, inducing apoptosis, inhibiting IL-2 production, but, helping in the expansion of Treg cells. They also induce tolerogenicity in dendritic cells, B cells and monocytes. In addition, GdA suppresses the lytic activity of cytotoxic T cells and induces apoptosis in monocytes as well as NK cells. Overall, galectin-1 and GdA inhibit the proliferation of immune cells, decrease their cytotoxicity and induce an anti-inflammatory cytokine environment. Thus leading to modulation of the immune response at the feto-maternal interface aiding in the maintenance of pregnancy to full term. The two proteins, other than having overlapping functions share similarity only in being lectins. Both are structurally different; galectin-1 has a non-glycosylated β-sandwich while GdA has a glycosylated β-barrel. Evolutionarily, GdA is found only in higher primates and appears to be functionally restricted to pregnancy, whereas galectin-1 is found in most mammals and has a role in immunomodulation at almost all immune privileged sites.</div>","PeriodicalId":91915,"journal":{"name":"Journal of reproductive health and medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jrhm.2016.10.006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138281936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2