Botanical Studies最新文献

{"title":"Vegetation diversity pattern during spring season in relation to topographic and edaphic variables in sub-tropical zone.","authors":"Hazrat Ali, Zahir Muhammad, Muhammad Majeed, Robina Aziz, Adam Khan, Wali Muhammad Mangrio, Hazem Ghassan Abdo, Hussein Almohamad, Ahmed Abdullah Al Dughairi","doi":"10.1186/s40529-023-00398-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40529-023-00398-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The present study was conducted to explore the diversity pattern of spring vegetation under the influence of topographic and edaphic variables in sub-tropical zone, District Malakand. In the present vegetation study, 252 species of 80 families were recorded in the study area. It included 39 species of trees, 43 species of shrubs, 167 species of herbs and 3 climber species. As a whole, 12 communities were established on the basis of topographic and edaphic characteristics in 12 different stations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of the present study revealed that all diversity indices (species diversity, evenness index, species richness index, maturity index) during spring showed that the communities in plains lying at lower altitudes had higher diversity while the communities formed at high altitudes had lower diversity. The results of the similarity index showed that there was low similarity (below 50%) amongst the communities in different stations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It can be concluded that variations in topographic and edaphic factors affect species diversity and communities pattern.</p>","PeriodicalId":9185,"journal":{"name":"Botanical Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10505133/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10298984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"L-DOPA induces iron accumulation in roots of Ipomoea aquatica and Arabidopsis thaliana in a pH-dependent manner.","authors":"En-Jung Hsieh, Siao-Wei Liao, Ching-Yuan Chang, Chu-Han Tseng, Shan-Li Wang, Louis Grillet","doi":"10.1186/s40529-023-00396-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40529-023-00396-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Iron deficiency is the leading cause of anemia worldwide, particularly in countries with predominant plant-based diets. Plants constitute the main source of dietary iron. Increasing their iron concentration could reduce the occurrence of anemia. The water spinach Ipomoea aquatica is consumed as a vegetable throughout Asia and tolerates high iron concentrations making it an attractive candidate for iron biofortification. L-DOPA is an allelopathic molecule secreted by some legumes. L-DOPA can trigger the expression of Fe deficiency-inducible genes, and could potentially be used as a biostimulant to increase Fe concentration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>L-DOPA significantly affected root growth of water spinach, and triggered a massive accumulation of Fe in roots. Both effects were exacerbated when L-DOPA was dissolved in KOH, which is surprising given that L-DOPA is less stable at high pH. To check whether a higher pH could indeed increase the bioactivity of L-DOPA, we used Arabidopsis thaliana, which grows at lower pH than water spinach, and subjected the plants to L-DOPA treatments at pH 5.5 and pH 6.0, which are both within the optimal range for Arabidopsis nutrition. At pH 6.0, the root growth of Arabidopsis was more strongly inhibited than at pH 5.5. We found that at higher pH, L-DOPA oxidizes to form a melanin precipitate.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We concluded that the oxidation of L-DOPA that we observed upon solubilization in KOH, or in nutrient solutions at slightly higher pH produces melanin-related molecules that are more potent than L-DOPA itself to trigger the primary root growth inhibition, Fe uptake and root Fe accumulation in water spinach and Arabidopsis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9185,"journal":{"name":"Botanical Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10449704/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10135386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using homemade stainless steel dendrometer band for long term tree growth measurements.","authors":"Chih-Hsin Cheng,&nbsp;Pei-Chen Lee,&nbsp;Hong-Rue Lee,&nbsp;Chiou-Pin Chen,&nbsp;Oleg V Menyailo","doi":"10.1186/s40529-023-00395-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40529-023-00395-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dendrometer bands have been proposed as an accurate method for measuring tree growth. However, the constrained observation window and the material used in them hamper long-term tree growth monitoring. This study devised a dendrometer band made from stainless steel and primarily extended the extension length of the band spring to yield ample space to monitor diameter increments long-term. A total of more than 500 individual trees, including both coniferous and broadleaf trees, were examined. We compared the dendrometer band's long-term performance with diameter tape for 5- and 10-year measurements. The results showed that the measurements of the two methods were highly correlated (R > 0.89) in both measuring periods. Differences between the two measurements for individual trees were typically less than 5 mm, and the mean differences at a stand level were less than 2 mm. These consistent observations suggested that the dendrometer band measurements were reliable for long-term measurement. Using the dendrometer bands, we further demonstrated the annual tree growths of diameter at breast height (DBH) and basal area (BA) for ten years of measurements. The size-dependent relationships between DBH/BA growth and initial DBH were also presented. Owing to their simple installation, low cost, and reliable measurement, these dendrometer bands would be helpful in forestry and forest ecology research.</p>","PeriodicalId":9185,"journal":{"name":"Botanical Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10356724/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9903834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of phytotherapeutic potential of herbal mixtures and their effects on salbutamol induced cardiotoxicity and hyperlipidemia in rabbits.","authors":"Nida Liaqat,&nbsp;Nazish Jahan,&nbsp;Khalil Ur Rahman,&nbsp;Iqra Tahseen,&nbsp;Tauseef Anwar,&nbsp;Huma Qureshi","doi":"10.1186/s40529-023-00394-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40529-023-00394-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the major cause of deaths all over the world. The high level of blood cholesterol and oxidative stress are major risk factors for heart diseases. The phytotherapeutics have attracted attention as potential agents for preventing and treating oxidative stress associated diseases. The objective of present study was to evaluate the synergetic cardio-protective and antilipidemic potential of medicinal plants viz. Coriandrum sativum, Piper nigrum and Cactus grandiflorus. Cardio-protective and anti-lipidemic potential of herbal mixture was evaluated against salbutamol induced cardiotoxicity in rabbits. For this purpose, rabbits were divided into six groups as normal control, salbutamol control, curative and standard drug curative.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Salbutamol significantly (p < 0.05) increased the level of serum cardiac biomarkers (ALT, CK-MB, AST and LDH) and lipids (LDL, triglycerides, cholesterol) in rabbits. The prior and post administration of herbal mixture significantly (p < 0.05) lowered the elevated level of serum cardiac biomarkers and lipids equal to normal control. Gross pathological examination revealed that heart of salbutamol control animals became hardened, congested and were enlarged than preventive and curative groups. The phytotherapeutic analysis of medicinal plants revealed the presence of phenols, tannins, alkaloids and steroids.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results showed that this herbal mixture has strong cardio-protective and anti-lipidemic potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":9185,"journal":{"name":"Botanical Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10356716/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9850570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Xylaria furcata reconsidered and nine resembling species.","authors":"Yu-Ming Ju,&nbsp;Huei-Mei Hsieh,&nbsp;Nuttika Suwannasai","doi":"10.1186/s40529-023-00392-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40529-023-00392-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Xylaria collections from termite nests with dichotomously branched stromata have been identified as X. furcata. However, Léveillé's original material is no longer available, and the modern interpretation of X. furcata is based on a 1908 collection made by von Höhnel from termite nests at Buitenzorg Botanical Garden in Java. A packet of this von Höhnel material at FH was designated as the neotype by Rogers et al. in 2005.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We reexamined the neotype from FH and its duplicates from various herbaria and found that three different species were mixed in these specimens. Despite that all of them have dichotomously branched stromata and tiny ascospores, only one fits the 2005 neotypification of X. furcata, where exposed perithecial mounds on the stromatal surface were unambiguously indicated. This portion of material is redesignated as the neotype, while the other two species with immersed perithecia are described as new: X. hoehnelii and X. robustifurcata. The ITS sequence obtained from the neotype helped us designate a specimen with cultures obtained from it as the epitype. From specimens identifiable as X. furcata, we describe four new species: X. brevifurcata, X. furcatula, X. insignifurcata, and X. tenellifurcata. Additionally, we recognize X. furcata var. hirsuta at the species level as X. hirsuta and consider X. scoparia a distinct species rather than a synonym of X. furcata. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on three protein-coding loci showed that X. furcata and resembling species were grouped into two clusters: the X. furcata cluster with half-exposed to fully exposed perithecial mounds and the X. hoehnelii cluster with largely immersed perithecial mounds.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ten species are recognized for X. furcata and resembling species, all of which could have been identified as X. furcata in the past. Its diversity has been overlooked primarily due to the small and similar stromata. Several additional species have been confirmed to be related to X. furcata by DNA sequences but are yet to be described due to the lack of mature stromata. While the species diversity of macrotermitine termites is equally high in Africa as in Asia, all of the species are primarily found in Asia, with X. hirsuta as the only exception. This suggests that there may be many more undiscovered species for this fungal group.</p>","PeriodicalId":9185,"journal":{"name":"Botanical Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10352222/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9833133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of potato brown rot disease using chemically synthesized CuO-NPs and MgO-NPs.","authors":"Amira Rabea,&nbsp;E Naeem,&nbsp;Naglaa M Balabel,&nbsp;Ghadir E Daigham","doi":"10.1186/s40529-023-00393-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40529-023-00393-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Potatoes are a crucial vegetable crop in Egypt in terms of production and consumption. However, the potato industry suffers significant annual losses due to brown rot disease. This study aimed to suppress Ralstonia solanacearum (R. solanacearum), the causative agent of brown rot disease in potatoes, using efficient and economical medications such as CuO and MgO metal oxide nanoparticles, both in vitro and in vivo, to reduce the risk of pesticide residues.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CuO and MgO metal oxide nanoparticles were synthesized via a simple chemical process. The average particle size, morphology, and structure of the nanoparticles were characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), zeta potential analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The growth of R. solanacearum was strongly inhibited by CuO and MgO NPs at a concentration of 3 mg/mL, resulting in zones of inhibition (ZOI) of 19.3 mm and 17 mm, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of CuO-NPs and MgO-NPs were 0.5, 0.6, and 0.6, 0.75 mg/mL, respectively. When applied in vivo through seed dressing and tuber soaking at their respective MIC concentrations, CuO-NPs and MgO-NPs significantly reduced the incidence of brown rot disease to 71.2% and 69.4%, respectively, compared to 43.0% and 39.5% in bulk CuSO₄ and bulk MgSO₄ treatments, respectively. Furthermore, CuO-NPs and MgO-NPs significantly increased the yield, total chlorophyll content, and enzyme efficiency of potato plants compared with the infected control plants. TEM revealed that the bacterial cytomembrane was severely damaged by nanomechanical forces after interaction with CuO-NPs and MgO-NPs, as evidenced by lipid peroxidation and ultrastructural investigations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this study suggest that CuO-NPs and MgO-NPs can be used as intelligent agents to manage plant pathogens in agriculture. The use of metal oxide nanoparticles could provide a risk-free alternative for treating plant diseases, which are currently one of the biggest challenges faced by the potato industry in Egypt. The significant increase in yield, photosynthetic pigments, enzymatic activity, and total phenol-promoted resistance to R. solanacearum in potato plants treated with CuO-NPs and MgO-NPs compared to infected control plants highlights the potential benefits for the potato industry in Egypt. Further investigations are needed to explore using metal oxide nanoparticles for treating other plant diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":9185,"journal":{"name":"Botanical Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10352217/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9826719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Xylaria species associated with fallen leaves and petioles.","authors":"Yu-Ming Ju,&nbsp;Huei-Mei Hsieh","doi":"10.1186/s40529-023-00377-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40529-023-00377-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Xylaria species growing on fallen leaves and petioles have not been treated systematically. One source of confusion in this group of Xylaria species has stemmed from X. filiformis, which is an ancient name published in 1805 as Sphaeria filiformis and has commonly labeled on specimen packets that contain leaf- and petiole-inhabiting Xylaria species. Here we clarified the identity of X. filiformis and distinguish it from the species that are easily confused with it, notably X. simplicissima, to which most specimens labeled as X. filiformis are referred. Our research also led us to encounter many other leaf- and petiole-inhabiting Xylaria species, prompting a comprehensive study of this group of fungi.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-five foliicolous and caulicolous species of Xylaria were studied, including nine newly described species-X. allima, X. appendiculatoides, X. hispidipes, X. minuscula, X. neblinensis, X. spiculaticlavata, X. vermiformis, X. vittatipiliformis, and X. vittiformis; three unnamed species-X. sp. AR1741, X. sp. GS7461A, and X. sp. GS7461B; X. simplicissima, a name newly combined with Xylaria from Rhizomorpha simplicissima; and X. noduliformis and X. imminuta, which are two new replacement names, respectively, for X. maitlandii var. nuda and X. hypsipoda var. microspora. The 45 taxa can be classified into three groups by stromatal shape and conspicuousness of perithecial mounds on the stromatal surface: (i) the X. filiformis group contains 10 species, (ii) the X. phyllocharis group contains 19 species, and (iii) the X. heloidea group contains 16 species. One of the newly described or unnamed species belongs to the X. filiformis group-X. vermiformis; nine of them belong to the X. phyllocharis group-X. allima, X. appendiculatoides, Xylaria minuscula, X. neblinensis, X. sp. AR1741, X. sp. GS7461B, X. spiculaticlavata, X. vittatipiliformis, and X. vittiformis; and three of them belong to the X. heloidea group-X. hispidipes, X. imminuta, and X. sp. GS7461A.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The 45 species of Xylaria associated with fallen leaves and petioles can be identified by using the dichotomous identification key that we provided herein. It is important to note that most of the studied species are represented by only one or several specimens and many have not been recollected and cultured.</p>","PeriodicalId":9185,"journal":{"name":"Botanical Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10348963/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10199576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization and the comprehensive expression analysis of tobacco valine-glutamine genes in response to trichomes development and stress tolerance.","authors":"Xiaoxiao Yan,&nbsp;Rui Luo,&nbsp;Xiangyang Liu,&nbsp;Zihang Hou,&nbsp;Wenyi Pei,&nbsp;Wenqi Zhu,&nbsp;Hong Cui","doi":"10.1186/s40529-023-00376-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40529-023-00376-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Valine-glutamine genes (VQ) acted as transcription regulators and played the important roles in plant growth and development, and stress tolerance through interacting with transcription factors and other co-regulators. In this study, sixty-one VQ genes containing the FxxxVQxxTG motif were identified and updated in the Nicotiana tobacum genome. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that NtVQ genes were divided into seven groups and genes of each group had highly conserved exon-intron structure. Expression patterns analysis firstly showed that NtVQ genes expressed individually in different tobacco tissues including mixed-trichome (mT), glandular-trichome (gT), and nonglandular-trichome (nT), and the expression levels were also distinguishing in response to methyl jasmonate (MeJA), salicylic acid (SA), gibberellic acid (GA), ethylene (ETH), high salinity and PEG stresses. Besides, only NtVQ17 of its gene family was verified to have acquired autoactivating activity. This work will not only lead a foundation on revealing the functions of NtVQ genes in tobacco trichomes but also provided references to VQ genes related stress tolerance research in more crops.</p>","PeriodicalId":9185,"journal":{"name":"Botanical Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10329969/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9799101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Richer than Gold: the fungal biodiversity of Reserva Los Cedros, a threatened Andean cloud forest.","authors":"R Vandegrift,&nbsp;D S Newman,&nbsp;B T M Dentinger,&nbsp;R Batallas-Molina,&nbsp;N Dueñas,&nbsp;J Flores,&nbsp;P Goyes,&nbsp;T S Jenkinson,&nbsp;J McAlpine,&nbsp;D Navas,&nbsp;T Policha,&nbsp;D C Thomas,&nbsp;B A Roy","doi":"10.1186/s40529-023-00390-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40529-023-00390-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Globally, many undescribed fungal taxa reside in the hyperdiverse, yet undersampled, tropics. These species are under increasing threat from habitat destruction by expanding extractive industry, in addition to global climate change and other threats. Reserva Los Cedros is a primary cloud forest reserve of ~ 5256 ha, and is among the last unlogged watersheds on the western slope of the Ecuadorian Andes. No major fungal survey has been done there, presenting an opportunity to document fungi in primary forest in an underrepresented habitat and location. Above-ground surveys from 2008 to 2019 resulted in 1760 vouchered collections, cataloged and deposited at QCNE in Ecuador, mostly Agaricales sensu lato and Xylariales. We document diversity using a combination of ITS barcode sequencing and digital photography, and share the information via public repositories (GenBank & iNaturalist).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Preliminary identifications indicate the presence of at least 727 unique fungal species within the Reserve, representing 4 phyla, 17 classes, 40 orders, 101 families, and 229 genera. Two taxa at Los Cedros have recently been recommended to the IUCN Fungal Red List Initiative (Thamnomyces chocöensis Læssøe and \"Lactocollybia\" aurantiaca Singer), and we add occurrence data for two others already under consideration (Hygrocybe aphylla Læssøe & Boertm. and Lamelloporus americanus Ryvarden).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Plants and animals are known to exhibit exceptionally high diversity and endemism in the Chocó bioregion, as the fungi do as well. Our collections contribute to understanding this important driver of biodiversity in the Neotropics, as well as illustrating the importance and utility of such data to conservation efforts.</p><p><strong>Resumen: </strong>Antecedentes: A nivel mundial muchos taxones fúngicos no descritos residen en los trópicos hiper diversos aunque continúan submuestreados. Estas especies están cada vez más amenazadas por la destrucción del hábitat debido a la expansión de la industria extractivista además del cambio climático global y otras amenazas. Los Cedros es una reserva de bosque nublado primario de ~ 5256 ha y se encuentra entre las últimas cuencas hidrográficas no explotadas en la vertiente occidental de los Andes ecuatorianos. Nunca antes se ha realizado un estudio de diversidad micológica en el sitio, lo que significa una oportunidad para documentar hongos en el bosque primario, en hábitat y ubicación subrepresentatadas. El presente estudio recopila información entre el 2008 y 2019 muestreando material sobre todos los sustratos, reportando 1760 colecciones catalogadas y depositadas en el Fungario del QCNE de Ecuador, en su mayoría Agaricales sensu lato y Xylariales; además se documenta la diversidad mediante secuenciación de códigos de barras ITS y fotografía digital, la información está disponible en repositorios públicos digitales (GenBank e iNaturalist).</p><p><st","PeriodicalId":9185,"journal":{"name":"Botanical Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10326184/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10181024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variation of growth and transcriptome responses to arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in different foxtail millet lines.","authors":"Ou-Chi Chang,&nbsp;Wei-Yi Lin","doi":"10.1186/s40529-023-00391-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40529-023-00391-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have been applied to promote the growth of different crop species, but knowledge about the impacts of symbiosis on foxtail millet at the physiological and molecular levels have remained limited. In this study, we compared the mycorrhization phenotypes of one cultivar and three different landraces and performed a comprehensive transcriptomic analysis to assess the effects of genetic variation on the responses to symbiosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results showed that colonization by AMF did not enhance biomass accumulation but significantly increased grain production only in three lines. More than 2,000 genes were affected by AMF colonization in all lines. Most AM symbiosis-conserved genes were induced, but the induction levels varied between lines. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that Biological Function terms related to nitrogen transport and assimilation were only enriched in TT8. Similarly, two of phosphate starvation-induced phosphate transporters were only simultaneously downregulated in TT8. In the other two lines, the enrichment of GO terms associated with cell wall reorganization and lignification was observed, though the effects were different.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study reveals the impacts of genetic variation of millet lines on the responses to AM symbiosis and provides information regarding AMF application for millet production.</p>","PeriodicalId":9185,"journal":{"name":"Botanical Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10275850/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9655006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}