Avicenna journal of neuropsychophysiology最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Visual Experience on Spatial Learning of Rats","authors":"Asra Shahbazi, Elaheh Azadian, Ebrahim Zarrinkalam","doi":"10.32592/ajnpp.2021.8.3.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ajnpp.2021.8.3.103","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Visual information acquired through observation plays a pivotal role in learning a movement pattern and motor control.\u0000Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the effect of visual deprivation on learning in rats.\u0000Methods: The study sample consisted of 12 male rats, divided into three groups. Group I consisted of four rats and was considered the control group. Transection of the two optic nerves was performed on rats of group II on the seventh day after birth and group III on the seventh week after birth to develop the early blind and late blind models, respectively. A T-shaped maze device was utilized to evaluate the learning behavior of rats. Rats of groups II and III were blinded by the optic nerve surgery. In total, 20 trials per day were conducted for nine consecutive days, in which the time and number of correct arm entries were recorded. The ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests were employed to analyze the results in SPSS software (version 16.0). A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.\u0000Results: There was a significant difference between the three groups regarding the number of correct arm entries on days one, three, and seven (P<0.05). There was also a significant difference between the three groups regarding how long it took them to enter the target box on days two and three (P<0.05). Group III had a lower number of entries to the target box and it took them a significantly longer time to enter the target box, compared to the other groups.\u0000Conclusion: According to the results, visual deprivation may affect the learning of rats during the early days; however, their learning levels increased over the following days. Moreover, the early blinded rats had a higher level of learning than the lately blinded adult rats and the same level of learning as that of the sighted adult rats.","PeriodicalId":91846,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna journal of neuropsychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44803864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Group Training and Emotion Regulation Skills in Externalizing Syndromes in Adolescents with a Tendency for Risky Behaviors","authors":"F. Akbarpour, M. Bahramabadi, Mehdi Davaei, F. Hassani","doi":"10.32592/ajnpp.2021.8.3.102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ajnpp.2021.8.3.102","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Mindfulness-based interventions can focus on the present to free people from unpleasant events of the past and worries about the future, thereby reducing their involvement in high-risk behaviors.\u0000Objectives: The present study aimed to assess the effectiveness of mindfulness and emotion regulation training in the reduction of emotion dysregulation in externalization symptoms in adolescents with a tendency for high-risk Behaviors.\u0000Materials and Methods: This experimental study was conducted on 74 at-risk high school adolescents in the 15th district of Tehran in 2019. They were randomly assigned to three groups of mindfulness, emotion regulation, and control groups. With a pre-test and post-test control group design, subjects in the intervention groups underwent sessions of mindfulness and emotion regulation training, while the control group did not receive any intervention. All groups were evaluated in pre-test and post-test using Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). The data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 18) using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) test.\u0000Results: Based on the results, there were no significant mean differences among groups in the pretest. Nonetheless, the scores of externalization syndrome in the subscale of lawless behavior (2η=0.19; P<0.01; F=6.31 (53.2)) and aggressive behavior (18/18 0=2nd; P<0.01; F=5.68 (53.2) significantly reduced in two groups of mindfulness and emotion regulation, compared to those obtained in the control group.\u0000Conclusion: Mindfulness-based group training and emotion regulation could be regarded as useful interventions for at-risk adolescents by emotion regulation and reduction of the possibility of risky behaviors.","PeriodicalId":91846,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna journal of neuropsychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42276830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Standardization and Study of Some Psychometric Properties of the Washington University Sentence Completion Test (Long-form) among the Iranian Students","authors":"M. Dehghani, Hadi Ghazanfari Zarnagh, A. Vafaee, Leila Ghiaee","doi":"10.32592/ajnpp.2021.8.3.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ajnpp.2021.8.3.101","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Objectives: The Washington University Sentence Completion Test (WUSCT) is one of the tools used to assess personality. Personality assessment helps to make decisions, diagnose, and choose the right treatments. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the standardization of some psychometric properties of the WUSCT among Iranian students.\u0000Materials and Methods: The statistical population of this descriptive survey study included 287 medical students who were studying in Tehran, Iran, in the academic year 2015. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and inter-rater agreement were used to assess the reliability; moreover, the convergent validity was utilized to evaluate the construct validity of the WUSCT. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 21).\u0000Results: The results of the present study indicated that the acceptable internal consistency of the WUSCT (P<0.001). Furthermore, the test re-test reliability of the WUSCT was determined at 0.86 (P<0.001). The correlation between the total scores of the two examiners was obtained at 0.88 (P <0.001). Moreover, the results of the convergent validity indicated the strongest correlation between ego development and ego strength (P<0.001).\u0000Conclusion: The results of the present study indicated that the WUSCT had the appropriate and acceptable validity and reliability in Iranian society. Accordingly, this test can be an appropriate tool for measuring persona","PeriodicalId":91846,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna journal of neuropsychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46143271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Intracerebroventricular Micro-injection of Kaempferol on Anxiety: Possible GABAergic Mechanism Involved","authors":"M. Zarei, A. Sarihi, Davoud Ahmadimoghaddam, Erfan Soltani","doi":"10.32592/AJNPP.2021.8.2.108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/AJNPP.2021.8.2.108","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Kaempferol (KM) is one of the most important plants with neuroprotection and analgesic effects. In addition, bicuculline (BIC) is a competitive antagonist of the GABAA ionotropic receptor (the most important targets of benzodiazepines and other anxiety suppressants). In this study, intracerebroventricular microinjection of KM on anxiety and its interaction with GABAergic mechanism were investigated in male rats.\u0000Materials and Methods: In this exploratory investigation, the male rats were divided into the following groups: control (saline), groups treated by KM (0.5 and 2 mg/rat), DMSO (1mg/rat), KM 0.5+BIC1 mg/rat, KM 0.5+BIC4 mg/rat, KM 2+BIC1 mg/rat, BIC groups (1, 4 mg/rat), and KM 2+BIC 4 mg/rat. Besides, an elevated plus-maze paradigm was used for the evaluation of the anxiety.\u0000 \u0000Results: Statistical analysis revealed that the indices of TTOA in KM groups (0.5 and 2 mg/rat) significantly increased in comparison to the control group (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively). Moreover, regarding the involvement of the GABAergic system in the anxiolytic-like activity of KM, it was demonstrated that the TTOA related to co-administration of KM (0.5mg/rat) with bicuculline (1mg/rat) significantly reduced, compared to the control group (P<0.05).\u0000 \u0000Conclusion: According to the obtained results, the use of KM can likely improve anxiety through GABAergic mechanism(s).","PeriodicalId":91846,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna journal of neuropsychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43582464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differentiation of Healthy Individuals from Those with Autism Spectrum Disorders using Information Graph of Complementary Opposites","authors":"Elaheh Yaghoubian, Ghasem Sadeghi Bajestani, Hamideh Namdari","doi":"10.32592/ajnpp.2021.8.3.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ajnpp.2021.8.3.100","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to examine the brain signals of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and use a method according to the concept of complementary opposites to obtain the prominent features or a pattern of EEG signal that represents the biological characteristic of such children. In this study, 20 children with the mean±SD age of 8±5 years were divided into two groups of normal control (NC) and ASD. The diagnosis and approval of individuals in both groups were conducted by two experts in the field of pediatric psychiatry and neurology. The recording protocol was designed with the most accuracy; therefore, the brain signals were recorded with the least noise in the awake state of the individuals in both groups. Moreover, the recording was conducted in three stages from two channels (C3-C4) of EEG ( referred to as the central part of the brain) which were symmetrical in function. In this study, the Mandala method was adopted based on the concept of complementary opposites to investigate the features extracted from Mandala pattern topology and obtain new features and pseudo-patterns for the screening and early diagnosis of ASD. The optimal feature here was based on different stages of processing and statistical analysis of Pattern Detection Capability (PDC). The PDC is a biomarker derived from the Mandala pattern for differentiating the NC from ASD groups.","PeriodicalId":91846,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna journal of neuropsychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42917069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Impact of Self-Efficacy-Based Training on Depression, Self-Care Behaviors, and Quality of Life in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome","authors":"Fakhrialsadat Khalifesoltani, K. Hajializadeh, H. Ahadi","doi":"10.32592/AJNPP.2021.8.2.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/AJNPP.2021.8.2.105","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Irritable bowel syndrome is the most common diagnosis among patients with gastrointestinal diseases and can adversely affect their quality of life. In this regard, the present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of self-efficacy-based training on depression, self-care behaviors, and the quality of life of patients with irritable bowel syndrome.\u0000Materials and Methods: This applied quasi-intervention study was conducted based on a pretest-posttest design with a control group and follow-up. The statistical population included all patients with irritable bowel syndrome who referred to Khorshid Hospital in Isfahan, Iran from September to November 2019. The samples were selected using the convenience sampling method. In total, 30 patients with irritable bowel syndrome were included in the study and randomly divided into two groups of intervention and control. The data were collected using Beck depression inventory, self-care questionnaire, and quality of life questionnaire. The intervention group received four sessions of self-efficacy training (one session per week for 90 min), while the control group did not receive any training. Two months later, the follow-up period was completed. The collected data were analyzed using repeated measures of analysis of variance in SPSS software (version 22).\u0000Results: The results showed that self-efficacy training was effective in decreasing depression (P<0.0001, F=35.39) and increasing quality of life (P<0.0001, F=120.30) and self-care behaviors (P<0.0001, F=70.50) in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.\u0000Conclusion: It can be concluded that training based on self-efficacy theory can effectively reduce depression and increase self-care behaviors and quality of life in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.","PeriodicalId":91846,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna journal of neuropsychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45746873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship of Forgiveness and Feeling of Loneliness with Attitudes toward Marital Infidelity Regarding the Moderating Role of Marital Satisfaction in Married Students","authors":"M. Shabankare, A. Heidari, B. Makvandi, F. Marashian","doi":"10.32592/ajnpp.2021.8.2.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ajnpp.2021.8.2.103","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Marital infidelity is a major factor that affects the strength, durability, and mental health of families. The present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of marital satisfaction in the causal relationships between forgiveness and the feeling of loneliness with attitudes toward marital infidelity in married students.\u0000Materials and Methods: This causal-correlational and field study was conducted on 211 married students who were selected from Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran, during the academic year 2018-2019 through convenience sampling. The data were collected using the Interpersonal Forgiveness Inventory, Russell’s Loneliness Scale, Whatley’s Attitude towards Infidelity Scale, and ENRICH marital satisfaction questionnaire. Furthermore, the data analysis was performed in SPSS software (version 24) through descriptive and inferential statistics, including mean±SD, Pearson’s correlation, and path analysis.\u0000Results: A direct and negative relationship was observed between forgiveness and attitudes toward marital infidelity (β=-0.181, P=0.013); feeling of loneliness and marital satisfaction (β=-0.252, P=0.001); and marital satisfaction and attitudes toward marital infidelity (β=-0.418, P=0.001). Furthermore, there was a direct and positive relationship between forgiveness and marital satisfaction (β=0.517, P=0.001). Eventually, there was no significant direct relationship between the feeling of loneliness and attitudes toward marital infidelity (β=-0.029, P=0.652). The results of path analysis indicated that marital satisfaction had a mediating role in the relationship between forgiveness and attitude towards marital infidelity (β=-0.165, P=0.001), as well as the association between the feeling of loneliness and attitude towards marital infidelity (β=0.138, P=0.002).\u0000Conclusion: The results showed a good fit for the proposed model in this study. Moreover, marital satisfaction played an important role in the relationship between forgiveness and the feeling of loneliness with the attitude toward marital infidelity.","PeriodicalId":91846,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna journal of neuropsychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47059761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Psychological Capital and Emotional Expression Styles in Women with Multiple Sclerosis","authors":"Mehrad Amin Eskandari, Simindokht Rezakhani, M. Behboodi","doi":"10.32592/AJNPP.2021.8.2.102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/AJNPP.2021.8.2.102","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an unpredictable and one of the most important life-altering diseases which gradually leads to disability. This study aimed to investigate the effect of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on psychological capital and emotional expression styles of female patients with MS in the Iranian MS Society during 2019-2020.\u0000Materials and Methods: The statistical population of the study consisted of all females with MS who were members of the Iranian MS Society in 2019. In total, 36 patients were selected voluntarily who were randomly divided into three groups (ACT, placebo, and control). The intervention was held in eight 90-min weekly sessions for the intervention and the placebo groups at the office of the Iranian MS Society, Tehran, Iran[A1] . All groups were re-evaluated at the end of the intervention and also two months later (i.e., follow-up stage). The obtained data were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance.\u0000Results: Based on the results, ACT affected the components of hope and resilience at the significance level of 0.01 and the components of self-efficacy and optimism at the significance level of 0.05, compared to the control group. Moreover, the ACT was able to increase the components of hope and resilience at the significance level of 0.01 and the component of optimism at the significance level of 0.05 in comparison with the placebo group.\u0000Conclusion: The ACT increased psychological capital components, including hope, optimism, resilience, and self-efficacy in patients with MS.","PeriodicalId":91846,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna journal of neuropsychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42729539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Necessity of Developing Psychological Interventions in the Management of Type II Diabetes and its Barriers: A Qualitative Study from the Perspective of Iranian Health Policymakers","authors":"Tahereh Ziadlou, F. Lavasani, A. Mujembari, M. Seirafi, A. Hajebi","doi":"10.32592/ajnpp.2020.7.1.108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ajnpp.2020.7.1.108","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetes mellitus is known as one of the health emergencies of the 21st century. This disorder is associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, stroke, diabetic nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy, and pregnancy complications, as well as lower quality of life, high economic burden, and high risk of premature death.\u0000Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the necessity of and barriers to developing psychological interventions to treat, improve, and manage type II diabetes from the perspective of health policymakers in Iran.\u0000Methods: This qualitative study was conducted on 11 policymakers of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education of Iran within 2016-2019. The data were collected using semi-structured and in-depth interviews and then analyzed by content analysis.\u0000Results: The main themes related to the necessity of developing psychological interventions included impact on the quality of life, disease management, cost-effectiveness, and complications of diabetes.\u0000Conclusion: The current study was conducted on senior health policymakers in the Ministry of Health and Medical Education of Iran. Accordingly, our findings can be used in decision making and the development, implementation, and evaluation of psychological intervention programs for type II diabetic patients in Iran","PeriodicalId":91846,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna journal of neuropsychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42558050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Possible Involvement of Serotonergic Mechanism(s) in the Antinociceptive Effects of kaempferol","authors":"S. Jabbari, M. Bananej, M. Zarei, A. Komaki, R. Hajikhani","doi":"10.32592/ajnpp.2021.8.2.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ajnpp.2021.8.2.101","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: A flavonoid kaempferol (KM) exerts an anti-inflammatory effect and is reportedly capable of preventing metabolic diseases. Nonetheless, a limited number of studies have been carried out on the antinociceptive effects of kaempferol.\u0000Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the involvement of serotonin receptors in the antinociceptive-like activity of KM in male Wistar rats using the tail-flick test.\u0000Materials and Methods: The compounds (i.e., KM, morphine, and diclofenac) were intracerebroventricularly administered to rats for the examination of central effects on the thermal pain using the tail-flick test. For the evaluation of the involvement of serotonin receptors in the possible antinociceptive effects of kaempferol, several antagonists (i.e., tropisetron, ketanserin, GR113808, WAY 100635, and penbutolol) were used. Additionally, locomotor activity and motor responses were investigated by the rotarod test after KM treatment.\u0000Results: The intracerebroventricular microinjections of KM showed antinociceptive effects using the tail-flick test. The pretreatment with tropisetron as a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist at 1 and 10 mg completely reversed the KM-related antinociception. Furthermore, ketanserin (5-HT2A receptor antagonist) and GR113808 (5-HT4 receptor antagonist) both at 10 mg reduced KM-related antinociception; however, 5-HT1A receptor antagonist WAY 100635 and 5-HT1B antagonist penbutolol did not decrease KM-related antinociception. All KM doses were not observed with a significant effect on locomotor activity or motor reactions.\u0000Conclusion: The results of the current study suggested that serotonergic receptors (i.e., 5-HT2A, 5-HT3, and 5-HT4) are effective in the KM antinociceptive activity in male rats.","PeriodicalId":91846,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna journal of neuropsychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43920705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}