Occupational ergonomics : the journal of the International Society for Occupational Ergonomics and Safety最新文献_第5页

Kinematics of cart pushing and pulling under different loads and surface gradient conditions 小车在不同载荷和坡度条件下的推拉运动学

Occupational ergonomics : the journal of the International Society for Occupational Ergonomics and Safety Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/OER-130208

Christopher W. Moore, A. Nimbarte, Yun Sun

{"title":"Kinematics of cart pushing and pulling under different loads and surface gradient conditions","authors":"Christopher W. Moore, A. Nimbarte, Yun Sun","doi":"10.3233/OER-130208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/OER-130208","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Manual material handling incidents are responsible for a large portion of lost work days annually. With the transition to e-commerce, cart pushing and pulling tasks have become more common. OBJECTIVE: This research explored the effects of surface gradient and load on full body kinematics during cart pushing and pulling tasks. METHODS: Ten participants were recruited to complete two sets of tasks. Participants performed cart pushing tasks on three surface gradients and three load masses and downhill cart pulling tasks on two surface gradients and three load masses while being recorded with an optical motion capture system. Full body, three-dimensional joint angles were calculated for each task, and peak angles of the major body joints were analyzed using general linear models to determine the effects of the dependent variables. RESULTS: During the cart pushing tasks, increased load mass and surface gradient both caused a significant increase in the peak joint angles of most body joints with surface gradient having the larger effect. When cart pushing and pulling tasks were compared with 5◦ and 10◦ surface gradients and three load masses, cart pushing resulted in significantly higher joint angles. CONCLUSION: During manual material handling tasks involving a cart, surface gradients and load masses should be minimized.","PeriodicalId":91780,"journal":{"name":"Occupational ergonomics : the journal of the International Society for Occupational Ergonomics and Safety","volume":"11 1","pages":"75-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3233/OER-130208","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70148274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

ERIN: A practical tool for assessing work-related musculoskeletal disorders ERIN:评估与工作相关的肌肉骨骼疾病的实用工具

Occupational ergonomics : the journal of the International Society for Occupational Ergonomics and Safety Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/OER-130210

Y. Rodríguez, Silvio Viña, R. Montero

引用次数: 12

Predicting casualty evacuation performance for the Canadian land forces command 为加拿大地面部队司令部预测伤亡疏散性能

Occupational ergonomics : the journal of the International Society for Occupational Ergonomics and Safety Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/OER-130203

T. Reilly, S. Olinek

引用次数: 3

Platform simulated wave motions inhibit neuromuscular responses 平台模拟波运动抑制神经肌肉反应

Occupational ergonomics : the journal of the International Society for Occupational Ergonomics and Safety Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/OER-130211

Varun Grover, Pramod Johar, S. MacKinnon, David G. Behm

{"title":"Platform simulated wave motions inhibit neuromuscular responses","authors":"Varun Grover, Pramod Johar, S. MacKinnon, David G. Behm","doi":"10.3233/OER-130211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/OER-130211","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Seafaring workers must contend with motions that could impact their work performance and safety. OBJECTIVE: To compare and analyze the neuromuscular responses to a stable immediate environment placed in a moving (simulated wave platform motions) extended environment. METHODS: Isometric maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) forces of the elbow flexors and leg extensors as well as electromyography (EMG) of the biceps brachii and vastus lateralis were recorded. The EMG activity of the triceps brachii, semitendonosis, internal obliques, and lower lumbar erector spinae muscles were also monitored during the upper and lower limb MVCs. Three types of rotational motion (pitch, roll and mixed, all combined with a linear heave motion) created by a motion platform were randomly allocated for 1 minute each. While securely strapped and seated with the platform moving, two MVCs each were performed for the right elbow flexors and right knee extensors at the beginning and at the end of the one-minute wave motion protocol. RESULTS: Platform motions impaired ( p< 0.0001) knee extension (pitch = −8%; roll = −13.4%; mixed = −13.5%) and elbow flexor MVC force (pitch = −21.1%; roll = −26.7%; mixed = −25.1%) compared to control conditions. Vastus lateralis EMG was reduced 13.3% with roll motions compared to control. CONCLUSIONS: Platform simulated wave motions can be detrimental to force production when the individual is strapped in a secure and stable seated position. Such impairments can impact the safety and work performance of employees on sea going vessels.","PeriodicalId":91780,"journal":{"name":"Occupational ergonomics : the journal of the International Society for Occupational Ergonomics and Safety","volume":"11 1","pages":"97-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3233/OER-130211","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70147968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Ergonomic risks in fish processing workers in Atlantic Canada 加拿大大西洋地区鱼类加工工人的人体工程学风险

Occupational ergonomics : the journal of the International Society for Occupational Ergonomics and Safety Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/OER-130204

U. Kuruganti, W. Albert

引用次数: 4

Development of discomfort and vascular and muscular changes during a prolonged standing task 长时间站立时产生的不适以及血管和肌肉的变化

Occupational ergonomics : the journal of the International Society for Occupational Ergonomics and Safety Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/OER-130205

D. Antle, N. Vézina, K. Messing, J. Côté

引用次数: 33

Effect of seat orientation on ingress/egress joint kinematics and reach envelope 座椅方位对进出关节运动学和到达包络的影响

Occupational ergonomics : the journal of the International Society for Occupational Ergonomics and Safety Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/OER-140213

Christopher W. Moore

{"title":"Effect of seat orientation on ingress/egress joint kinematics and reach envelope","authors":"Christopher W. Moore","doi":"10.3233/OER-140213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/OER-140213","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Little is known about ingress/egress requirements and forward reach for workstations with horizontal seats. This research explored differences between ingress/egress kinematics and reach due to seat orientation. METHODS: 10 participants performed ingress/egress tasks using three seat orientations (horizontal with 90 ◦ and 120 ◦ seat angles, and vertical with 90 ◦ seat angle) and planar reach tasks in three anatomical planes using horizontal and vertical seats with 90 ◦ seat angle. An optical motion capture system was used to record kinematic data. Marker data was processed and modeled to estimate peak joint angles and ranges of motion of several body joints. For reach tasks, marker data of the clavicle and finger were used to plot reach capacity. RESULTS:Ingress/egress joint kinematics differed greatly between horizontal and vertical seats, while few differences existed between the horizontal seat orientations. Peak angles and ranges of motion during ingress/egress of the horizontal seats were significantly higher than the vertical seats, often by a factor of 3–4. The direction of motion affected several peak angles and ranges of motion, but to a lesser extent than seat orientation. Reach was unaffected by seat orientation. CONCLUSION: This study’s findings suggest that ingress/egress of horizontal seats is more stressful for the body, especially the shoulders and lower back, than regular upright seats.","PeriodicalId":91780,"journal":{"name":"Occupational ergonomics : the journal of the International Society for Occupational Ergonomics and Safety","volume":"11 1","pages":"137-151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3233/OER-140213","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70148224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The association between transient lateral postural perturbations and upper limbs active movements 短暂的侧位扰动与上肢主动运动之间的关系

Occupational ergonomics : the journal of the International Society for Occupational Ergonomics and Safety Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/OER-140214

P. Matsangas, M. McCauley

{"title":"The association between transient lateral postural perturbations and upper limbs active movements","authors":"P. Matsangas, M. McCauley","doi":"10.3233/OER-140214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/OER-140214","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Although humans use their lower limbs to compensate when postural equilibrium is affected by external motion perturbations, very little is known about how upper limbs (UL) are used. Such an investigation may provide useful insight into how motion affects manual tasks. OBJECTIVE: To identify the compensatory postural strategies in which UL are involved and to investigate the association between UL movements, lateral motion perturbations, and motion induced interruptions (MII). METHODS: Twenty healthy individuals maintained a quiet stance for one hour on a motion platform. Motion stimuli included lateral perturbations in Sway-only and Sway + Pitch motion conditions. A kinematic analysis of the video recordings was conducted. RESULTS: Humans make compensatory movements with their UL when lateral motion perturbations challenge their postural equilibrium. Arm elevation is associated with the lateral linear acceleration (sway), the occurrence and the type of MIIs. We focused on the “both arms” strategy because it has an increased potential for interfering with manual tasks compared to single upper limb movements. When individuals take a step to sustain their balance, they use the both hands strategy more often. However, more than 70% of both arms strategy instances occurred in the absence of an MII. CONCLUSIONS: Manual task interruptions induced by environmental motion may occur even before or without an MII. The limits of the operational envelope of reduced manual performance should be reconsidered and adopted in lieu of the existing rigid-body model.","PeriodicalId":91780,"journal":{"name":"Occupational ergonomics : the journal of the International Society for Occupational Ergonomics and Safety","volume":"11 1","pages":"123-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3233/OER-140214","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70148238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Assessment of trunk muscle co-contraction during typical occupational movement tasks 典型职业运动任务中躯干肌肉共同收缩的评估

Occupational ergonomics : the journal of the International Society for Occupational Ergonomics and Safety Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/OER-140216

Giacomo Silvestri, A. Schinkel-Ivy, Janessa Drake

引用次数: 3

Predicting relative and working heart rates of bricklaying jobs using neural network 用神经网络预测砌砖工人的相对心率和工作心率

Occupational ergonomics : the journal of the International Society for Occupational Ergonomics and Safety Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/OER-130207

S. O. Ismaila, K. T. Oriolowo, O. Akanbi

{"title":"Predicting relative and working heart rates of bricklaying jobs using neural network","authors":"S. O. Ismaila, K. T. Oriolowo, O. Akanbi","doi":"10.3233/OER-130207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/OER-130207","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Many ways have been adopted in measuring workers’, responses to manual tasks in order to appraise the incompatibility of work demands to the capabilities of the workers. Heart rate is commonly used to estimate the energy expenditure or physical strain in physically demanding job. OBJECTIVE: The main purpose of this study was to build a prediction model using the neural network to reflect the effects of age, body height, body mass, and resting heart rate on the working heart rate (HWorking) and % relative heart rate (%RHR) of bricklayers. METHODS: A neural network in SPSS 16.0 was applied to identify the importance of the inputs (age, body height, body mass, resting heart rate) in predicting the outputs (working heart rate and % RHR) of a function. RESULTS: The results show that the mean % relative heart rate (RHR) was 57.4%. The mean working heart rate was 120.8 bpm and that of resting heart rate was 68.6 bpm. It was also shown that the neural network could be trained to predict HWorking and % RHR. This also demonstrates that there is a non-linear relationship between the age, body height, body mass, resting heart rate, working heart rate and % RHR. The neural network results for the HWorking and % RHR were dominated by resting heart rate, followed by body mass, age and body height in that order. The predicted values of % RHR and HWorking did not differ significantly from the actual values though the relationships were non-linear. CONCLUSIONS: The neural network might be used to predict the % RHR and HWorking of bricklayers in Nigeria given age, body height, body mass and resting heart rate.","PeriodicalId":91780,"journal":{"name":"Occupational ergonomics : the journal of the International Society for Occupational Ergonomics and Safety","volume":"11 1","pages":"35-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3233/OER-130207","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70147873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2