Journal of lung, pulmonary & respiratory research最新文献

{"title":"Malignant pleural mesothelioma: current perspectives","authors":"A. Cheepsattayakorn, R. Cheepsattayakorn, Supawan Manosoontorn, Vijaya Bhakskara Reddy Mutha","doi":"10.15406/jlprr.2020.07.00226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jlprr.2020.07.00226","url":null,"abstract":"The objectives of this study are to review epidemiology, novel methods of detection, novel diagnostics, and novel therapeutic options of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) in the literature that were published between 1977 and 2019. Malignant pleural mesothelioma, associated with prolonged respirable-asbestos-fiber exposure is a rare cancer with constantly increasing incidence and poor prognosis due to lacking the effective treatment options. The median survival ranges from 8 to 14 months. Sarcomatoid histological subtype has the worst prognosis. Video-assisted thoracoscopy plus mediastinoscopy is the current gold standard for staging malignant pleural mesothelioma and is superior to computerized tomography of the chest for assessing the tumor size and suspected nodal metastases. Several circulating biomarkers are detected in MPM patients, such as mesothelin, osteopontin, fibulin-3, high mobility group B1, vascular endothelial growth factor, reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species, micro-ribonucleic acids, tumor deoxyribonucleic acid, etc.Surgery is controversial and restricted to patients with early stage disease and good functional status. There is still no curative treatment whereas chemotherapy is the only treatment modality that improve patients’ survival. Radiotherapy is beneficial as a palliative treatment and an adjuvant to chemotherapy and surgery in the context of trimodality treatment. In conclusion, there is potential for the development of biomarkers and radiological imaging in the years to come. Several novel therapeutic options are under studied and it is likely to involve highly personalized treatment. Its incidenceis expected to decrease in the next decade.","PeriodicalId":91750,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lung, pulmonary & respiratory research","volume":"181 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85452666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neutrophilic asthma: a complex phenotype of severe asthma","authors":"N. Syabbalo","doi":"10.15406/jlprr.2020.07.00223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jlprr.2020.07.00223","url":null,"abstract":"Asthma is a common chronic airway disease affecting about 334 million people worldwide, and an estimated 7 million children globally. Approximately 10% of patients with asthma have severe refractory disease, which is difficult to control on high doses of inhaled corticosteroids and other modifiers. Among these, are patients with severe neutrophilic asthma. Neutrophilic asthma is a phenotype of asthma that is very severe and persistent, with frequent exacerbations, and characterized by fixed airway obstruction. It is associated with comorbidities such as respiratory infections, obesity, gastroeosophageal reflux disease, and obstructive sleep apnoea. Immunopathologically, it is characterized by the presence of high levels of neutrophils in the lungs and airways. Neutrophils and the interleukin-17 family of cytokines play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of severe neutrophilic asthma. Most patients with the disease do not achieve control with high dose inhaled corticosteroids, and probably to novel IgE, interleukin and interleukin monoclonal antibodies.","PeriodicalId":91750,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lung, pulmonary & respiratory research","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76444888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Andrographis paniculata(Green chiretta) may combat COVID-19","authors":"A. Cheepsattayakorn, R. Cheepsattayakorn","doi":"10.15406/JLPRR.2020.07.00224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JLPRR.2020.07.00224","url":null,"abstract":"symptoms, such as human immunodeficiency-virus infection (HIV)/ acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), infections, parasitic infestations, sinus infections, cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, hepatic problems, cardiac diseases, anorexia, allergies, ulcers, and skin diseases. Nevertheless, there is not enough scientific evidence to support the use of Andrographis paniculata for most of these health benefits. Some preliminary studies demonstrated that Andrographis paniculata may offer the health benefits, such as upper respiratory tract infections and ulcerative colitis.","PeriodicalId":91750,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lung, pulmonary & respiratory research","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79298575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxygen injury in neonates: which is worse? hyperoxia, hypoxia, or alternating hyperoxia/hypoxia","authors":"B. Uhal","doi":"10.15406/jlprr.2018.05.00221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jlprr.2018.05.00221","url":null,"abstract":"Premature birth results in an increased risk of respiratory distress and often requires oxygen therapy. While the supplemental oxygen has been implicated as a cause of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), in clinical practice this supplementation usually only occurs after the patient’s oxygen saturation levels have dropped. The effect of hyperoxia on neonates has been extensively studied. However, there is an unanswered fundamental question: which has the most impact-hyperoxia, hypoxia or fluctuating oxygen levels? In this review, we will summarize the reported effect of hypoxia, hyperoxia or a fluctuation of oxygen levels (hypoxia/hyperoxia cycling) in preterm neonates, with special emphasis on the lungs.","PeriodicalId":91750,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lung, pulmonary & respiratory research","volume":"2006 1","pages":"4 - 13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86265489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spontaneous pneumothorax in a newborn case report: original image, treatment process and follow-up","authors":"Muhammet Mesut Nezir Engin, Gülden Ak, Önder Kılıçaslan","doi":"10.15406/jlprr.2020.07.00220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jlprr.2020.07.00220","url":null,"abstract":"Pneumothorax is a condition where there is free air between the parietal and visceral pleural leaves within the thoracic cavity. She was born with a cesarean section of 2780grams in 38th gestational week. As the patient had tachypnea and intercostal retractions, he was hospitalized in another hospital and started treatment. On the second day of hospitalization, pneumothorax was seen on the posterior anterior chest radiograph and he was referred to us. When the patient came to our clinic, his general condition was poor, tachypnea, intercostal withdrawal and groan breathing were present. When the patient had low saturation, he was intubated and connected to a mechanical ventilator. The chest tube was placement and free drainage was performed. She was discharged on the 9th day of his hospitalization because of his good general condition, improved laboratory findings and no additional difficulties. Spontaneous pneumothorax should be considered in the presence of sudden respiratory distress in the newborn period. Patients diagnosed with pneumothorax should be immediately chest tube placement, patients with respiratory distress should be evaluated and given supportive treatment.","PeriodicalId":91750,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lung, pulmonary & respiratory research","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78592809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simple classification of COVID-19 patients","authors":"A. Gülşen","doi":"10.15406/jlprr.2020.07.00230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jlprr.2020.07.00230","url":null,"abstract":"The research that has been reported in the literature compares patients as follows: (a) nonsevere/ severe; (b) non-intensive care unit (ICU)/ICU; (c) improvement/progression; (d) general/refractory; (e) common type/severe; (f) noninvasive mechanical ventilation (IMV)/ IMV; (g) good/poor outcomes; and (h) survivors/non-survivors. Although classifications are recommended based on radiological imaging, also clinical classification is urgently needed.5 Therefore, a uniform stratification of COVID-19 patients is necessary to standardize the future research studies and to enable meta-analyses that can more appropriately evaluate the data.","PeriodicalId":91750,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lung, pulmonary & respiratory research","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85087084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mas Receptor Agonist AVE0991 increases surfactant protein expression under hyperoxic conditions in human lung epithelial cells.","authors":"Ranga Prasanth Thiruvenkataramani, Amal Abdul-Hafez, Ira Gewolb, Bruce Uhal","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hyperoxia in pre-term neonates is a known risk factor of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Hyperoxia is known to cause oxidative stress, inflammatory changes that leads to surfactant deactivation, and decreased surfactant expression. The previous research has shown short term exposure to hyperoxia increases surfactant protein expression but decreased expression in long term exposure. Local tissue renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is associated with tissue injury and repair and it may play a role in BPD. Endogenous peptide angiotensin 1-7 acts on the MAS receptor. The activation of the MAS receptor was previously shown to have protective pulmonary responses. However, the effect of MAS receptor activation on surfactant proteins in hyperoxic conditions has not been tested.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the effects of hyperoxia with or without MAS receptor activation on Surfactant proteins.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Human epithelial cell line A549 and human primary alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) were cultured to sub-confluence (60-75%) and treated with hyperoxia (95% oxygen) and normoxia (21% oxygen) for 72 hours with or without the MAS receptor agonist (AVE0991) in serum-free F-12 nutrient media. Cells were lysed and cell lysates were collected for western blot. The statistical analysis was done using Student-Newman-Keuls Multiple comparison test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Surfactant protein concentration increased in AVE treated group under the hyperoxic condition when compared to the control group in both A549 cells and human primary AECs. Surfactant protein was in higher concentration in AVE0991 treated cells in both hyperoxic and normoxic conditions when compared to the non-treated control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MAS receptor activation via AVE0991 causes an increase in Surfactant protein concentration in both hyperoxic and normoxic conditions. As per our experiments, hyperoxic conditions decrease the production of surfactant protein when compared to normoxic conditions. These results may reveal a novel potential drug for BPD treatment and decrease its severity.</p>","PeriodicalId":91750,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lung, pulmonary & respiratory research","volume":"7 4","pages":"85-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8373051/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39328537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxygen injury in neonates: which is worse? hyperoxia, hypoxia, or alternating hyperoxia/hypoxia.","authors":"Tarek Mohamed,&nbsp;Amal Abdul-Hafez,&nbsp;Ira H Gewolb,&nbsp;Bruce D Uhal","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Premature birth results in an increased risk of respiratory distress and often requires oxygen therapy. While the supplemental oxygen has been implicated as a cause of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), in clinical practice this supplementation usually only occurs after the patient's oxygen saturation levels have dropped. The effect of hyperoxia on neonates has been extensively studied. However, there is an unanswered fundamental question: which has the most impact-hyperoxia, hypoxia or fluctuating oxygen levels? In this review, we will summarize the reported effect of hypoxia, hyperoxia or a fluctuation of oxygen levels (hypoxia/hyperoxia cycling) in preterm neonates, with special emphasis on the lungs.</p>","PeriodicalId":91750,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lung, pulmonary & respiratory research","volume":"7 1","pages":"4-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8320601/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39266577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dexamethasone, cyclosporine and betamethasone on inflammatory cell recruitment in mice infected with Strongyloides venezuelensis","authors":"E. Machado, M. Ueta, R. M. Rodrigues, S. Ramos, V. Vilhena, Anna Maly de Leão e Neves Eduardo, Leandro Junio Barreto dos Reis, Raphael da Silva Affonso, L. Faccioli","doi":"10.15406/jlprr.2019.06.00219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jlprr.2019.06.00219","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was verified effect of immunosuppressant activities of Dexametasone (Dexa), Cyclosporine (CsA) and Betamethasone (Beta) in the synhteses of inflammatory cell and dissemination of Strongyloides venezuelensis. S. venezuelensis- infected mice increased total leucocytes (TL), eosinophil (EO), mononuclear cells (MC), and neutrophil (NE) numbers in the blood. The infection induced recruitment of TL, EO and MC to peritoneal cavity (PCF) and space bronchoalveolar (BALF), exception for NE. Dexa, CsA and Beta treatments inhibited TL, EO and MC production. However, Dexa treatment was associated with NE accumulation in the blood. Dexa and Beta tratments reductions migration of inflammatory cells from the blood to PCF and BALF. Infected mice and treated with Dexa and Beta worm parasites, eggs/g/feces and larvae recovered were higher than CsA. The results showed that glucocorticoid treatment may induce strongyloidiasis dissemination while CsA induced mice protection against S. venezuelensis infection.","PeriodicalId":91750,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lung, pulmonary & respiratory research","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73365174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SABA over-reliance; time for a change","authors":"A. Kaplan","doi":"10.15406/jlprr.2019.06.00217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jlprr.2019.06.00217","url":null,"abstract":"areas. SABAs are given as the first line therapy, despite the fact that most asthma is related to Th2, often eosinophilic, inflammation that requires an anti-inflammatory such as inhaled corticosteroids (ICS)I to improve it.II The patients rely on their SABA often to the exclusion of the ICS, perceiving it as the medication giving them benefit. This leads to the paradox regarding the issue of patient autonomy. As patients control their own disease, in their mind, using SABA as they feel necessary, they then follow up with the clinician who recognizes that SABA use is a marker of disease activity and inflammation, so then changes the therapy, adding an anti-inflammatory to reduce the inflammation. These medications, however, are to be taken as per the clinician instructions and therefore all patient autonomy is removed from the decision process. Patients have clearly demonstrated that they want control over their own disease,III so this is going to be an issue for many. There is also often a disconnect between the patients understanding of asthma control, often feeling that means relief of their symptoms when they have them compared with the clinicians view on asthma control which means preventing symptoms, disability and exacerbations.","PeriodicalId":91750,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lung, pulmonary & respiratory research","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86346195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}