Journal of early hearing detection and intervention最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
Audiologist Perception on Reporting Hearing Assessment Results to State Early Hearing Detection and Intervention Programs. 听力学家对向国家早期听力检测和干预计划报告听力评估结果的看法。
Journal of early hearing detection and intervention Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.26077/df10-2c4d
Winnie Chung, Maria C Sanchez-Gomez
{"title":"Audiologist Perception on Reporting Hearing Assessment Results to State Early Hearing Detection and Intervention Programs.","authors":"Winnie Chung, Maria C Sanchez-Gomez","doi":"10.26077/df10-2c4d","DOIUrl":"10.26077/df10-2c4d","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To describe an evaluation conducted by 39 state Early Hearing Detection and Intervention (EHDI) programs on the reporting process and system usability for audiologists when reporting the hearing test results to the EHDI program and the barriers encountered during reporting.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Each author independently extracted numbers, percentages, and texts from the evaluation reports into an Excel spreadsheet, which then became the dataset. Authors then compared and cross-checked the datasets before coding. Texts conveying similar concepts were coded with the same name and organized into categories. Finally, thematic identification and analysis were performed when a theme(s) or concept(s) that pertained to similar challenges encountered by audiologists was identified and organized under a higher-order domain.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Some audiologists reported no barriers when reporting hearing test results to the state EHDI programs. Among those audiologists who reported barriers, the most recurrent barrier was a non-user-friendly data system design. The second most recurrent barrier was not having adequate administrative time to report data as a busy clinician. The third most recurrent barrier was an incomplete understanding of the state EHDI reporting requirements. Finally, the method audiologists were required to use when reporting results also posed some challenges, such as no internet connection in rural areas when required to report via an internet portal.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Because of the wide variety of barriers faced by audiologists, multiple strategies to improve the reporting process would likely be beneficial.</p>","PeriodicalId":91737,"journal":{"name":"Journal of early hearing detection and intervention","volume":"6 2","pages":"79-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10588097/pdf/nihms-1934820.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49694967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Visual Reinforcers Designed for Children with Developmental Disabilities. 为发育障碍儿童设计的视觉强化物。
Journal of early hearing detection and intervention Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.26077/b0fc-4c2d
Angela Yarnell Bonino, Amanda Hemann, Deborah Mood, Emily Kay, Elizabeth S Pancoast, Kristin K Sommerfeldt
{"title":"Visual Reinforcers Designed for Children with Developmental Disabilities.","authors":"Angela Yarnell Bonino, Amanda Hemann, Deborah Mood, Emily Kay, Elizabeth S Pancoast, Kristin K Sommerfeldt","doi":"10.26077/b0fc-4c2d","DOIUrl":"10.26077/b0fc-4c2d","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A library of visual reinforcers has been created to facilitate visual reinforcement audiometry (VRA) testing in children with developmental disabilities. The library includes 45 reinforcer sets-photos or videos grouped by a common theme-that were created based on commonly reported interests of children with developmental disabilities. Each reinforce set contains a minimum of 20 unique photo or video files that can be downloaded in two formats: one for commercially available VRA reinforcement systems and another for a custom setup. The library is freely available for download online under a Creative Commons License (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License). Use of these materials has the potential to improve behavioral testing outcomes for children with developmental disabilities, including children with restricted interests. Future research is needed to determine the effectiveness of implementing these materials in clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":91737,"journal":{"name":"Journal of early hearing detection and intervention","volume":"6 1","pages":"69-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8061901/pdf/nihms-1691537.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38907975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Beliefs and Self-Efficacy of Parents of Young Children with Hearing Loss. 失聪幼儿父母的信念与自我效能感。
Sophie E Ambrose, Margo Appenzeller, Alexandra Mai, Jean L DesJardin
{"title":"Beliefs and Self-Efficacy of Parents of Young Children with Hearing Loss.","authors":"Sophie E Ambrose,&nbsp;Margo Appenzeller,&nbsp;Alexandra Mai,&nbsp;Jean L DesJardin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study was to learn more about the beliefs and self-efficacy of parents of young children with hearing loss. Seventy-two parents completed the Scale of Parental Involvement and Self-Efficacy-Revised (SPISE-R), which queries parents about their child's hearing device use and their perceptions of their own beliefs, knowledge, confidence, and actions pertaining to supporting their child's auditory access and spoken language development. Two beliefs were identified that related to parents' action scores and one belief was identified that related to children's hearing device use. Knowledge and confidence scores were significantly correlated with action scores and children's hearing device use, whereas only confidence scores were related to scores on a measure of children's spoken language abilities. Results indicate the SPISE-R is a promising tool for use in early intervention to better understand parents' strengths and needs pertaining to supporting their young child's auditory access and spoken language development.</p>","PeriodicalId":91737,"journal":{"name":"Journal of early hearing detection and intervention","volume":"5 1","pages":"73-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7523736/pdf/nihms-1628323.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38536548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Beliefs and Self-Efficacy of Parents of Young Children with Hearing Loss. 幼儿听力损失父母的信念与自我效能感。
Journal of early hearing detection and intervention Pub Date : 2020-05-01 DOI: 10.26077/KKKH-VJ55
Sophie E. Ambrose, Margo Appenzeller, Alexandra Mai, Jean Desjardin
{"title":"Beliefs and Self-Efficacy of Parents of Young Children with Hearing Loss.","authors":"Sophie E. Ambrose, Margo Appenzeller, Alexandra Mai, Jean Desjardin","doi":"10.26077/KKKH-VJ55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26077/KKKH-VJ55","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to learn more about the beliefs and self-efficacy of parents of young children with hearing loss. Seventy-two parents completed the Scale of Parental Involvement and Self-Efficacy-Revised (SPISE-R), which queries parents about their child's hearing device use and their perceptions of their own beliefs, knowledge, confidence, and actions pertaining to supporting their child's auditory access and spoken language development. Two beliefs were identified that related to parents' action scores and one belief was identified that related to children's hearing device use. Knowledge and confidence scores were significantly correlated with action scores and children's hearing device use, whereas only confidence scores were related to scores on a measure of children's spoken language abilities. Results indicate the SPISE-R is a promising tool for use in early intervention to better understand parents' strengths and needs pertaining to supporting their young child's auditory access and spoken language development.","PeriodicalId":91737,"journal":{"name":"Journal of early hearing detection and intervention","volume":"5 1 1","pages":"73-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42573408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 14
Using Technology to Monitor Hearing Device Use and Linguistic Environments: Early Intervention Providers' Perspectives. 使用技术监测听力设备使用和语言环境:早期干预提供者的观点。
Margo C Appenzeller, Sophie E Ambrose
{"title":"Using Technology to Monitor Hearing Device Use and Linguistic Environments: Early Intervention Providers' Perspectives.","authors":"Margo C Appenzeller,&nbsp;Sophie E Ambrose","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To improve outcomes for children with hearing loss, early intervention professionals must work with families to optimize children's hearing device use and the linguistic and auditory features of children's environments. Two technologies with potential use in monitoring these domains are data logging and Language Environment Analysis (LENA) technology. This study, which surveyed early intervention providers, had two objectives: (a) to determine whether providers' experiences, perspectives, and current practices indicated there was a need for tools to better monitor these domains, and (b) to gain a better understanding of providers' experiences with and perspectives on use of the two technologies. Most providers reported that they used informal, subjective methods to monitor functioning in the two domains and felt confident that their methods allowed them to know how consistently children on their caseloads were wearing their hearing devices and what their environments were like between intervention visits. Although most providers reported limited personal experience with accessing data logging information and with LENA technology, many reported receiving data logging information from children's audiologists. Providers generally believed access to the technologies could be beneficial, but only if coupled with proper funding for the technology, appropriate training, and supportive administrative policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":91737,"journal":{"name":"Journal of early hearing detection and intervention","volume":"5 1","pages":"62-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7507746/pdf/nihms-1628354.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38415681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Using Technology to Monitor Hearing Device Use and Linguistic Environments: Early Intervention Providers' Perspectives. 使用技术监测听力设备使用和语言环境:早期干预提供者的观点。
Journal of early hearing detection and intervention Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.26077/XFZS-4831
Margo Appenzeller, Sophie E. Ambrose
{"title":"Using Technology to Monitor Hearing Device Use and Linguistic Environments: Early Intervention Providers' Perspectives.","authors":"Margo Appenzeller, Sophie E. Ambrose","doi":"10.26077/XFZS-4831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26077/XFZS-4831","url":null,"abstract":"To improve outcomes for children with hearing loss, early intervention professionals must work with families to optimize children's hearing device use and the linguistic and auditory features of children's environments. Two technologies with potential use in monitoring these domains are data logging and Language Environment Analysis (LENA) technology. This study, which surveyed early intervention providers, had two objectives: (a) to determine whether providers' experiences, perspectives, and current practices indicated there was a need for tools to better monitor these domains, and (b) to gain a better understanding of providers' experiences with and perspectives on use of the two technologies. Most providers reported that they used informal, subjective methods to monitor functioning in the two domains and felt confident that their methods allowed them to know how consistently children on their caseloads were wearing their hearing devices and what their environments were like between intervention visits. Although most providers reported limited personal experience with accessing data logging information and with LENA technology, many reported receiving data logging information from children's audiologists. Providers generally believed access to the technologies could be beneficial, but only if coupled with proper funding for the technology, appropriate training, and supportive administrative policies.","PeriodicalId":91737,"journal":{"name":"Journal of early hearing detection and intervention","volume":"5 1 1","pages":"62-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69258057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Private Insurance Reimbursements for Newborn Hearing Screening in the United States, 2013-2014 Birth Cohort. 美国2013-2014年出生队列新生儿听力筛查的私人保险报销
Journal of early hearing detection and intervention Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.26077/q64a-ce52
Thuy Quynh N Do, Winnie Chung, Scott D Grosse
{"title":"Private Insurance Reimbursements for Newborn Hearing Screening in the United States, 2013-2014 Birth Cohort.","authors":"Thuy Quynh N Do, Winnie Chung, Scott D Grosse","doi":"10.26077/q64a-ce52","DOIUrl":"10.26077/q64a-ce52","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study was to describe private insurance reimbursements for newborn hearing screening (NBHS) in the United States. Data from the MarketScan® Commercial Databases were used to estimate itemized reimbursements for privately insured infants born between January 1, 2013-December 31, 2014. Estimates were based on billed claims for hearing screening services during infancy among 456,407 infants with birth hospitalization claims (71,820 infants with inpatient NBHS and 1,104 infants with outpatient NBHS). The median reimbursement for NBHS was almost three times greater when performed in an inpatient setting than outpatient setting. Median reimbursement for NBHS performed in a hospital and billed as inpatient service was $148.00 (interquartile range [IQR] $99.52-$210.00) and $57.53 (IQR $34.40-$120.91) when billed as an outpatient service. The mean reimbursement for NBHS performed in an outpatient hospital setting was $136.48 (IQR $86.08-$220.15) and $41.60 (IQR $28.15-$57.52) for NBHS billed in conjunction with an office visit (e.g., performed in an audiology clinic, an audiologist's office, or physician's office during a routine check-up). No NBHS claims were filed for 84.3% of infants (384,587‬/456,407), as NBHS is generally included as a covered service bundled along with delivery and newborn care.</p>","PeriodicalId":91737,"journal":{"name":"Journal of early hearing detection and intervention","volume":"5 1","pages":"13-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8409481/pdf/nihms-1610676.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39382108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluating Data Quality of Newborn Hearing Screening. 新生儿听力筛查数据质量评价。
Journal of early hearing detection and intervention Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.26077/fz0y-v617
Maria C Sanchez-Gomez, Kelly Dundon, Xidong Deng
{"title":"Evaluating Data Quality of Newborn Hearing Screening.","authors":"Maria C Sanchez-Gomez, Kelly Dundon, Xidong Deng","doi":"10.26077/fz0y-v617","DOIUrl":"10.26077/fz0y-v617","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Scope: </strong>Jurisdictional-based Early Hearing Detection and Intervention Information Systems (EHDI-IS) collect data on the hearing screening and follow-up status of infants across the United States. These systems serve as tools that assist EHDI programs' staff and partners in their tracking activities and provide a variety of data reports to help ensure that all children who are deaf/hard of hearing (DHH) are identified early and receive recommended intervention services. The quality and timeliness of the data collected with these systems are crucial to effectively meeting these goals.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Forty-eight EHDI programs, funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), successfully evaluated the accuracy, completeness, uniqueness, and timeliness of the hearing screening data as well as the acceptability (i.e., willingness to report) of the EHDI-IS among data reporters (2013-2016). This article describes the evaluations conducted and presents the findings from these evaluation activities.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Most state EHDI programs are receiving newborn hearing screening results from hospitals and birthing facilities in a consistent way and data reporters are willing to report according to established protocols. However, additional efforts are needed to improve the accuracy and completeness of reported demographic data, results from infants transferred from other hospitals, and results from infants admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.</p>","PeriodicalId":91737,"journal":{"name":"Journal of early hearing detection and intervention","volume":"4 3","pages":"26-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6945814/pdf/nihms-1063646.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37519989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Progress in Documented Early Identification and Intervention for Deaf and Hard of Hearing Infants: CDC's Hearing Screening and Follow-up Survey, United States, 2006-2016. 聋儿和重听儿早期识别和干预的文献进展:美国CDC听力筛查和随访调查,2006-2016。
Journal of early hearing detection and intervention Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.26077/6sj1-mw42
Krishnaveni Subbiah, Craig A Mason, Marcus Gaffney, Scott D Grosse
{"title":"Progress in Documented Early Identification and Intervention for Deaf and Hard of Hearing Infants: CDC's Hearing Screening and Follow-up Survey, United States, 2006-2016.","authors":"Krishnaveni Subbiah, Craig A Mason, Marcus Gaffney, Scott D Grosse","doi":"10.26077/6sj1-mw42","DOIUrl":"10.26077/6sj1-mw42","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The national EHDI 1-3-6 goals state that all infants should be screened for hearing loss before 1 month of age; with diagnostic testing before 3 months of age for those who do not pass screening; and early intervention (EI) services before 6 months of age for those with permanent hearing loss. This report updates previous summaries of progress on these goals by U.S. states and territories. Data are based on the <i>Hearing Screening</i> and <i>Follow-up Survey</i> (HSFS) conducted annually by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for the years 2006-2016. Trends were assessed using 3-year moving averages, with rates of newborns lost to follow-up or lost to documentation (LTF/D) also examined. During this period, the percentage of infants screened before one month increased from 85.1% to 95.3%, while the percentage receiving diagnostic testing before three months increased from 19.8% to 36.6%, and the percentage of infants identified with permanent hearing loss enrolled in early intervention (EI) before six months increased from 25.1% to 47.2%. Percentages of infants who ultimately received screening, diagnostic testing, and early intervention services - regardless of timing - were higher. During this period, LTF/D declined from 42.1% to 31.3% for diagnostic testing, and 39.4% to 20.3% for EI services. Diagnoses of hearing loss recorded increased from 0.9 to 1.7 per 1,000 infants screened, likely reflecting improved data.</p>","PeriodicalId":91737,"journal":{"name":"Journal of early hearing detection and intervention","volume":"3 2 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6863447/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69257555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Identification of oral clefts as a risk factor for hearing loss during newborn hearing screening. 在新生儿听力筛查中识别唇腭裂作为听力损失的危险因素。
Journal of early hearing detection and intervention Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.26077/JFKB-E455
Patricia L. Purcell, K. Sie, T. Edwards, D. L. Doyle, Karin Neidt
{"title":"Identification of oral clefts as a risk factor for hearing loss during newborn hearing screening.","authors":"Patricia L. Purcell, K. Sie, T. Edwards, D. L. Doyle, Karin Neidt","doi":"10.26077/JFKB-E455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26077/JFKB-E455","url":null,"abstract":"Objective This study assessed whether children with oral clefts are appropriately classified as at-risk for hearing loss at the time of newborn hearing screening and describes their screening and diagnostic results. Design Birth certificates were used to identify children with cleft lip and palate or isolated cleft palate born in Washington State from 2008-2013. These were cross-referenced with the state's Early Hearing Detection, Diagnosis and Intervention (EHDDI) database. Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine associations. Results Birth records identified 235 children with cleft lip and palate and 116 with isolated cleft palate. Six children were listed as having both diagnoses. Only 138 (39%) of these children were designated as having a craniofacial anomaly in the EHDDI database. Children who were misclassified were less likely to have referred on initial hearing screening, OR 0.3, 95% CI [0.2, 0.5]. Misclassification of risk factor status was also associated with delayed hearing screening past 30 days of age or unknown age at screening, OR 4.4, 95% CI [1.5, 13.3], p-value 0.008. Of 50 children with diagnostic results; 25 (50%) had hearing loss: 18 conductive, 2 mixed, and 5 unspecified. Conclusion A majority of children with oral clefts were misclassified regarding risk factor for hearing loss in the EHDDI database.","PeriodicalId":91737,"journal":{"name":"Journal of early hearing detection and intervention","volume":"3 1 1","pages":"21-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69257971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术官方微信
小红书