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Biology bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR最新文献

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Possible mechanism of the selectivity of the cytostatic action of antineoplastic preparations. 抗肿瘤制剂细胞抑制作用选择性的可能机制。
Biology bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR Pub Date : 1979-05-01
A A Konradov, E I Levitin, V M Maksimov
{"title":"Possible mechanism of the selectivity of the cytostatic action of antineoplastic preparations.","authors":"A A Konradov,&nbsp;E I Levitin,&nbsp;V M Maksimov","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A model of the phenomenon of selectivity of antineoplastic phase-specific preparations in leukemia, based on the assumption that any proliferating cells are equally sensitive to the action of such preparations, is suggested. Therefore, selectivity, the concept and fundamental significance of which were formulated and substantiated by the authors earlier, can be expressed in terms of the proliferative pathways of the normal and leukemic populations, the ratio between which thus plays the deciding role in the selection of the optimum system of therapy. The concept of maximum selectivity, which is a convenient numerical characteristic of a preparation, was introduced. A comparative quantitative analysis was made of a number of antineoplastic preparations (vinblastine, vincristine, amethopterin, arabinosylcytosine, azaserine); it showed that the conclusions of the model do not contradict the experimental data.</p>","PeriodicalId":9166,"journal":{"name":"Biology bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR","volume":"6 3","pages":"315-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11754902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Isolation, purification, and study of certain properties of diacetyl(acetoin) reductase in the yeast Saccharomyces vini. 酵母菌双乙酰还原酶的分离纯化及某些性质的研究。
Biology bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR Pub Date : 1979-05-01
A V Kavadze, A K Rodopulo, G L Shaposhnikov
{"title":"Isolation, purification, and study of certain properties of diacetyl(acetoin) reductase in the yeast Saccharomyces vini.","authors":"A V Kavadze,&nbsp;A K Rodopulo,&nbsp;G L Shaposhnikov","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A highly active preparation of diacetyl(acetoin) reductase was isolated from cell-free extracts of the yeast Saccharomyces vini. Since the activity ratio of 2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase and diacetyl(acetoin) reductase was practically unchanged in the process of 65-fold purification, it can be assumed that the yeast cells contain one enzyme, which catalyzes both the reversible oxidation of 2,3-butanediol to acetoin by NAD and the practically irreversible reduction of diacetyl to acetoin by NAD-H2. Some properties of this enzyme were studied.</p>","PeriodicalId":9166,"journal":{"name":"Biology bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR","volume":"6 3","pages":"356-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11267444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fine structure of vegetative mycelium and spores of Nocardia spp. 诺卡菌营养菌丝和孢子的精细结构。
Biology bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR Pub Date : 1979-03-01
V S Soina, N S Agre, O A Nesterenko
{"title":"Fine structure of vegetative mycelium and spores of Nocardia spp.","authors":"V S Soina,&nbsp;N S Agre,&nbsp;O A Nesterenko","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The fine structure of a fragmenting and sporulating mycelium of cultures of actinomycetes possessing biochemical properties characteristic of the genus Nocardia--a cell wall of type IV and lipid LCN a--was studied. It was found that fragmenting hyphae are similar in structure to the vegetative hyphae of known actinomycetes. Sporulation takes place through the simultaneous division of a sporulating hypha by numerous septa. Spores differ from vegetative cells in the presence of a thickened electron-dense cell wall, dense internal contents, and the presence of vacuoles.</p>","PeriodicalId":9166,"journal":{"name":"Biology bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR","volume":"6 2","pages":"254-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11753438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nature of transformation of hydrocortisone by cells incorporated into polyacrylamide gel. 氢化可的松转化的性质细胞纳入聚丙烯酰胺凝胶。
Biology bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR Pub Date : 1979-03-01
G K Skryabin, G V Sukhodol'skaya, K A Koshcheenko
{"title":"Nature of transformation of hydrocortisone by cells incorporated into polyacrylamide gel.","authors":"G K Skryabin,&nbsp;G V Sukhodol'skaya,&nbsp;K A Koshcheenko","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ability of Mycobacterium globiforme 193 cells immobilized in polyacrylamide gel (Paag) to transform soluble and microcrystalline hydrocortisone was investigated under conditions to periodic aeration. It was found that the specific 3-oxosteroid-delta'-dehydrogenase activity of immobilized cells hardly differs from that of free cells and averages 0.06 mumole/mg cells . min; the quantitative and qualitative composition of the transformation products formed by free and immobilized cells was identical. The linear relation between the accumulation of the reaction product, prednisolone, and the transformation time, the absence of an activating effect of SAA [surface-active agents] on the 3-oxosteroid-delta'-dehydrogenase activity, the correlation between enzymatic activity and viability, and the absence of an increase in activity during repeated transformations indicate that the cytoplasmic membrane of Myc. globiforme is not a significant diffusion barrier for the reaction substrate and product. Maintenance of immobilized cells in a viable state is a necessary condition of the retention of enzymatic activity by these cells. \"Activation\" of immobilized cells is achieved by incubating the granules in nutrient medium. The cause of the \"activation,\" in our opinion, is the appearance of a new surface and, probably, internal cell population.</p>","PeriodicalId":9166,"journal":{"name":"Biology bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR","volume":"6 2","pages":"137-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11512441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Role of red and far-red light in frost resistance of yarovized winter wheat after thaw. 红光和远红光对冬小麦解冻后抗冻性的影响。
Biology bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR Pub Date : 1979-03-01
S V Biryukov, V I Babenko
{"title":"Role of red and far-red light in frost resistance of yarovized winter wheat after thaw.","authors":"S V Biryukov,&nbsp;V I Babenko","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The short day in the thawing of hardened winter wheat, yarovized to a different degree, increased its frost resistance in comparison with uninterrupted illumination. Interruption of darkness of the short-day cycle by red light reduced frost resistance, far-red light had the opposite effect, but to a different degree, on the length of yarovization. Maximal resistance developed toward the end of the yarovization period. There were observed changes connected with the stabilization of the photoacceptor of the phytochrome system in the process of yarovization. The phytochrome complex participated in regulation of the movement and utilization of metabolites. There was revealed the variety specificity of winter wheat in relation to the investigated characters.</p>","PeriodicalId":9166,"journal":{"name":"Biology bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR","volume":"6 2","pages":"184-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11753616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Some properties of lipase from Geotrichum asteroides. 地黄脂肪酶的一些性质。
Biology bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR Pub Date : 1979-03-01
G B Ksandopulo, E L Ruban
{"title":"Some properties of lipase from Geotrichum asteroides.","authors":"G B Ksandopulo,&nbsp;E L Ruban","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The optimal conditions for the manifestation of the lipase activity of an enzyme preparation from the culture liquid of the fungus Geotrichum asteroides were determined. It was found that the rate of hydrolysis depends on the substrate concentration, the enzyme concentration, and the reaction time. The lipase from G. asteroids is rather stable--it loses practically no activity in a year at 4 degrees C. The temperature optimum of the enzyme preparation is 37 degrees. The lipase from G. asteroides is most active at pH 8.0; it retains its activity when kept for 3 h in a reaction medium with a pH from 3 to 10.</p>","PeriodicalId":9166,"journal":{"name":"Biology bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR","volume":"6 2","pages":"261-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11267866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Life forms of Pteridophyta, their origin and evolution. 蕨类植物的生命形式、起源与演化。
Biology bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR Pub Date : 1979-03-01
A P Khokhryakov
{"title":"Life forms of Pteridophyta, their origin and evolution.","authors":"A P Khokhryakov","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The following separation of the main growth forms of Pteridophyta is proposed: thin-rhizomatous, creeping-rosetted, ascending-rosetted, vertical-rosetted, and arborescent. Each of these can be divided into life forms according to a series of morphological and other characters. The most primitive growth form of Pteridophyta is acknowledged as the thin-rhizomatous. In the course of evolution toward polymerization and integration of fronds, the group of arborescent Pteridophyta were transformed into shoot plants, initially of the Cycas type. Water ferns (Salviniaceae) and seed ferns (Pteridospermae) are known as the arbitrary type of Lycopsida which did not reach the state of shot structure of the body. In this respect, Equisetales occupy an intermediate position. It may be assumed that in the evolution of plants, the change in their life forms was of paramount significance.</p>","PeriodicalId":9166,"journal":{"name":"Biology bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR","volume":"6 2","pages":"209-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11753619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Probability model of dibunol pharmakinetics. 二酚药动学的概率模型。
Biology bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR Pub Date : 1979-03-01
S A Matveeva, V M Maksimov, Marshak YaI, A A Konradov, V A Barsel'
{"title":"Probability model of dibunol pharmakinetics.","authors":"S A Matveeva,&nbsp;V M Maksimov,&nbsp;Marshak YaI,&nbsp;A A Konradov,&nbsp;V A Barsel'","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A mathematical description of the inflow of dibunol from the site of administration and its distribution by organs and tissues in experimental animals and man are examined. Parameters quantitatively characterizing the behavior of the preparation in the organism were obtained. The mechanism of the accumulation of dibunol in the tissues and its subsequent transfer to the blood are described within the framework of the proposed model. The model of the pharmakinetics of dibunol makes possible a calculation of the concentration of the preparation in the tissues depending on the method of administration and special features of the medicinal form. In clinical practice when administered per os microcapsules, which provided maximum absorbability, proved to be the best medicinal form. Satisfactory agreement of the concentrations of the preparation actually observed in a human tumor with those calculated theoretically on the basis of the proposed model was observed.</p>","PeriodicalId":9166,"journal":{"name":"Biology bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR","volume":"6 2","pages":"226-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11753620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Phycobilisomes from the blue-green algae Aphanizomenon flos-aquae and Anabaena variabilis. 来自蓝绿藻Aphanizemnon flos aquae和可变鱼藻Anabaena variabilis的藻胆体。
Biology bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR Pub Date : 1979-03-01
O D Bekasova, L M Shubin, V B Evstigneev
{"title":"Phycobilisomes from the blue-green algae Aphanizomenon flos-aquae and Anabaena variabilis.","authors":"O D Bekasova,&nbsp;L M Shubin,&nbsp;V B Evstigneev","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phycobilisomes (PBS) were isolated from Aphanizomenon flos-aquae and Anabaena variabilis. The absorption spectra and second derivative of the absorption spectra of isolated PBS indicate the presence of phycoerythrocyanin, and allophycocyanin. The fluorescence spectra of PBS were measured at room temperature and -196 degrees C. Undamaged PBS have the principal fluorescence maximum in the region of 660 nm at room temperature and in the region of 685-690 nm at -196 degrees. When the PBS were heated from ) to 60 degrees the fluorescence at 685-690 nm disappeared and it increased in the region of 650-660 nm. This is apparently due to disruption of the structure of PBS, which results in a disturbance in the migration of energy along the chain phycoerythrocyanin leads to phycocyanin leads to allophycocyanin.</p>","PeriodicalId":9166,"journal":{"name":"Biology bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR","volume":"6 2","pages":"164-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11341188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Participation of nitrogen-fixing algae in the accumulation of nitrogen in the soil. 固氮藻类参与土壤中氮的积累。
Biology bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR Pub Date : 1979-03-01
E M Pankratova
{"title":"Participation of nitrogen-fixing algae in the accumulation of nitrogen in the soil.","authors":"E M Pankratova","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9166,"journal":{"name":"Biology bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR","volume":"6 2","pages":"155-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11447508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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