Journal of sustainable development最新文献

{"title":"A Nexus between Project Management Lifecycle and Performance of Slums Upgrading Projects in Nairobi City County, Kenya","authors":"Janet Ombwayo, H. Kidombo, C. Gakuu","doi":"10.5539/jsd.v17n4p88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v17n4p88","url":null,"abstract":"The alarming rate of urban sprawl poses a social menace for city planners and governments worldwide and Nairobi city of Kenya is not an exception. Challenges of access to appropriate and affordable housing has forced majority of city residents to occupy shanties with deplorable living conditions thus, the need to improve the infrastructure in the slums. In Kenya, the government has initiated various projects in a bid to carry out a facelift of slums countrywide. Although, involvement of key stakeholders in each of the phases of project management lifecycle (PMLC) that is, project initiation, planning, implementation, Monitoring & evaluation and closure remains a critical factor to the realization of slum upgrading infrastructure development, the affected communities are not fully engaged thus thwarting effective implementation of the planned activities. In this regard, the aim of the study was to examine the influence of PMLC on performance of slums upgrading projects (PSUP). A descriptive survey research design and a correlational research design were utilized whereby data was analysed and interpreted using means, standard deviations, correlation of coefficient and correlation of determination. A sample of 266 was drawn from a target population of 794, of which 208 responded to a 5-point Likert Scale questionnaire. Qualitative data collected was presented in narrative form. Results obtained indicated a linearly positive and a very strong significant relationship between PMLC and PSUP. When all phases were combined PMLC explained 62.9% of the overall variation in PSUP. The findings indicate that a unit increase in initiation and planning stages result to an increase in PSUP by 7.77% and 1.97% respectively whereas for a unit decrease in project implementation and project M&E, PSUP decreases by 2.07% and 1.72% respectively. It was thus concluded that PMLC significantly influences Performance of Slum Upgrading Projects. The recommendation of the study was that activities pertaining to project planning, M&E and project closure phases be efficiently executed for optimum performance of the projects.","PeriodicalId":91562,"journal":{"name":"Journal of sustainable development","volume":"9 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141813515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gendered Uptake of Sustainable Intensification Practices among Maize Commercializing Smallholder Farmers in Eastern Districts of Uganda","authors":"Siraj Ali Mayambala, P. Kibwika, Herbert Talwana, Frank Matsiko","doi":"10.5539/jsd.v17n4p73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v17n4p73","url":null,"abstract":"Commercialization of food crops, such as maize can dynamically shift control over productive resources or accrued income from women to men. This can restrict women’s ability to access or buy productive inputs. However, scanty information is available on how changing gender roles and relations can affect smallholder farmers’ use of sustainable intensification practices. This study described how gender inequalities in access to resources and appropriation of gains affect the uptake of sustainable intensification (SI) practices among maize commercializing farmers in eastern Uganda. Qualitative Survey data collected from a random sub-sample of 72 (36 women and 36 men) maize farmers from 584 maize commercializing smallholder farmers survey participants, was subjected to thematic content analysis. It was intended to follow up four unique profiles of farmers; those who did not use SI practices, the ones who used only intensification (improve maize varieties and fertilizers) or sustainable practices (organic manure and maize-legume intercrop), and those who used joint, one or more sustainable intensification practices. Findings revealed all four profiles to be highly gendered. Only women did not use any SI practice, and only men used intensification practices due to gender roles, responsibilities, and tasks shaped by traditions that give men terminal control over productive assets and gained resources. Both men and women used sustainable and sustainable intensification practices because of the negotiation process and opportunities that gave women more rights over resources. Thus, social-cultural histories and values constrain married women from implementing innovations such as SI practices because these values restrict women’s authority over productive resources. It is recommended that for inclusive transformative interventions to be introduced successfully in rigid patriarchal contexts, it is vital to enhance the negotiation skills of women.","PeriodicalId":91562,"journal":{"name":"Journal of sustainable development","volume":"32 47","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141645548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathway for Four Central and Eastern European Countries to Achieve Low Carbon Development Based on the STIRPAT Model","authors":"Shigang Yan, Zhaoke Zhang, Xingyun Yue, Yi Liu","doi":"10.5539/jsd.v17n4p63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v17n4p63","url":null,"abstract":"Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, as the Visegrad Group members in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE), play important roles in the green economy transition of Europe. The four CEE countries issued low carbon development strategies so as to realize climate change mitigation. However, the four countries faced various political and economic difficulties when transiting to a low carbon economy, including the energy consumption structure, the development of clean energy and the geopolitical conflict between Russia and Ukraine. The paper analyzed the factors influencing carbon emissions in the four CEE countries by using the STIRPAT model. Based on the empirical results, the paper put forward countermeasures and suggestions to promote low carbon development for the four CEE countries.","PeriodicalId":91562,"journal":{"name":"Journal of sustainable development","volume":"25 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141658872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indigenous Ecological Knowledge and Perceptions of Climate Change on the Environment and Livelihood of Local Communities in Kgalagadi District of Botswana","authors":"Summer Mabula, Keoikantse Sianga, A. Angassa","doi":"10.5539/jsd.v17n4p15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v17n4p15","url":null,"abstract":"Extreme climate change causes an immeasurable threat to the livelihood security and prosperity of rural communities, including the natural environment and resources managed by the local people in the Kgalagadi District of Botswana. The study aims to understand the indigenous ecological knowledge of local communities about climate change, its impacts on the environment, and their livelihoods across five villages in the Kgalagadi District of Botswana. The present study used a semi-structured questionnaire survey at the household level who were randomly selected using the village register book. The results indicated that all the respondents in Kang village and some from Lehututu and Tshane villages perceived that the causes of climate change were unknown. However, some respondents across the other four villages believed that climate change is caused by various factors including wildfires, pollution from industries, impacts from livestock, and vehicles, as well as a curse from God. Indigenous knowledge must be well incorporated with scientific methods and up-to-date climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies to envisage more concrete results. This helps to integrate the insight of local people into policies and strategies to make an effort for solutions that are crucial for sustainable development. We suggest that all stakeholders should harmonise the use of indigenous knowledge with climate change strategies, to make the best use of its contribution to the successful execution of climate change policies.","PeriodicalId":91562,"journal":{"name":"Journal of sustainable development","volume":"41 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141355523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time and Doses of Bacillus Subtilis in Leaf Application of Bean Plants","authors":"Eliane Aparecida Silveira Ferreira, Mariana Pina da Silva Berti, Claudiene Cristina da Silva, Fabricio Rodrigues","doi":"10.5539/jsd.v17n3p103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v17n3p103","url":null,"abstract":"Common beans P. vulgaris is an important food in the diet of the Brazilian population. Currently the use of microorganisms, such as B. subtillis, has been increasing significantly as an alternative to improve productivity of beans. The objective of this research was to identify the ideal dose of the commercial product (Panta Premium) based on B. subtilis, the best time and doses for leaf application, grain yield and its components and seed quality of bean. The statistical design was randomized blocks arranged in a factorial scheme (3 x 6) with four replicates. Three application times (V3, V4, and R5 stages) and six doses of the inoculant based on B. subtilis - strain UFMT Pant001 (0, 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 mL per ha-1) were assessed. The number of pods per plant, number of grains per plant, number of grains per pod, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, seed germination, vigor test, first germination count, and accelerated aging test were evaluated. That the 1000-grain weight was not influenced by the different doses and times of B. subtilis application. Positive linear regression with an increase in the number of pods per plant as the dose of inoculant (mL ha-1) increased when applied at the R5 stage. V3 and V4 stages, there was a linear increase (43,1 e 28,4% respectively) in the number of grains per plant as the dose of B. subtilis increased. At the R5 stage, as seen at the V3 and V4 stages, there is a linear behavior where the number of grains per plant increases as the dose of the inoculant based on B. subtilis increases. the results show that both the dose and the time of application of B. subtilis showed influence on the physiological quality of the seed. The increasing doses of B. subtilis strain UFMT Pant001 increased grain yield compared to the control. The leaf application of Bacillus subtilis strain UFMT Pant001 at stage R5 increased the number of pods and grains per plant and grain yield, regardless of the dose. The leaf application of B. subtilis strain UFMT Pant001 increased the physiological quality of the seeds, attributed to the good fertility of the soil at the site.","PeriodicalId":91562,"journal":{"name":"Journal of sustainable development","volume":"19 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141119331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resilience of Developing Economies to External Shocks: Empirical Evidence from CEMAC Countries","authors":"Peter Ajonghakoh Foabeh, Vesarach Aumeboonsuke","doi":"10.5539/jsd.v17n3p81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v17n3p81","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the effects of the 1994 CFA currency depreciation, the 2008 Global Financial Crisis (GFC), and instances of political coups on the relationships between FDI inflow, economic growth, and governance in the Central African Economic and Monetary Community (CEMAC) countries. By examining the impact of these events on FDI, growth, and governance, this paper provides important details of responses to external shocks and internal political disruptions. We employ panel VAR analysis with data from 1990 to 2019 to explore the dynamic relationships among these variables. The results show that growth and governance are not determining factors for attracting FDI in the CEMAC sub-region. Governance, on the other hand, stands as a determining factor for growth. Our findings also suggest that the 1994 CFA currency depreciation, 2008 GFC, and coups had no significant impact on FDI, growth, and governance. Although these events’ effects may expose the countries’ vulnerability to external shocks influencing the dynamics of FDI, economic growth, and governance, their impact did not seem to be evident. However, political instability, evidenced by coups, emerges as a crucial factor shaping the interactions between FDI, growth, and governance in CEMAC countries. Our analysis was conducted using the EViews software package.","PeriodicalId":91562,"journal":{"name":"Journal of sustainable development","volume":"124 35","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141125439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth Promotion of Raphanus Sativus L. under Doses of Phosphorus with Application of Trichoderma Spp.","authors":"Gustavo Henrique Oliveira, Leticia Silva e Carvalho, Rikelme Matheus Dos Santos Relvas, Mariana Pina da Silva Berti, C. G. S. Benett, C. L. P. Resende, Fabricio Rodrigues","doi":"10.5539/jsd.v17n3p49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v17n3p49","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to evaluate the growth of Raphanus sativus L. under six phosphorus doses in combination with three strains of Trichoderma spp. The design was a randomized block design with seven replications in a factorial scheme, 4 x 5 (treatments and doses). Treatments related to Trichoderma spp. were T1 – control, without application of T. harzianum strain; T2 – T. harzianum ESALQ 1306, T3 – T. harzianum IBLF 006 WP, and T4 – T. asperellum URM 5911, at doses of 0, 40, 80, 120, 160, and 200 kg ha-1 of P2O5, in a greenhouse. The evaluated characteristics were tuberous root diameter (RDI), tuberous root length (RLE), relative chlorophyll index (RCI), leaf dry mass (LDM), tuberous root fresh mass (FTRM), and tuberous root dry mass (TRDM). It was observed that there was a significant difference for the different sources of variation evaluated, indicating an interaction between the different isolates and doses. It is concluded that the application of Trichoderma harzianum - ESALQ 1306 strain is recommended for radish cultivation, with increases of 13% for tuberous root length, 7% for relative chlorophyll index, 23% for leaf dry mass, 35% for tuberous root fresh mass, and 12% for tuberous root dry mass compared to the control, at a dose of 104 kg ha-1 of P2O5, with the possibility of dose reduction and more sustainable management. Additionally, strains T. harzianum IBLF 006 WP (T3) and T. asperellum URM 5911 (T4) are not recommended for radish cultivation.","PeriodicalId":91562,"journal":{"name":"Journal of sustainable development","volume":"55 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140978829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth Promotion of Raphanus Sativus L. under Doses of Nitrogen with Application of Trichoderma Spp.","authors":"Bruna Stefhane Santos Reis, Cintia da Silva de Oliveira, Mariela Do Amaral Silva, Mariana Pina da Silva Berti, Katiane Santiago Silva Benett, C. L. P. Resende, Fabricio Rodrigues","doi":"10.5539/jsd.v17n3p39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v17n3p39","url":null,"abstract":"Radishes are excellent sources of nutrients, such as antioxidants that benefit the immune system, dietary fibers that aid digestion, and vitamins that help control blood pressure and cardiovascular health. Despite this nutritional composition and rapid vegetative cycle, radishes still need to be consumed more and are understudied in Brazil. Another challenge is the limited knowledge about fungi of the Trichoderma spp. genus and their combination with fertilizers. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the growth promotion of Raphanus sativus L. under nitrogen doses combined with applying Trichoderma spp. isolates and their promoting effect on radish development. The experimental design used was a randomized complete block design in a 4 x 5 factorial scheme (isolates and doses), with seven replications, conducted in a greenhouse. The Trichoderma treatments were T1 – control without isolates application, T2 – ESALQ 1306, T3 – IBLF 006 WP, and T4 – URM 5911, and the nitrogen doses were 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 kg ha-1 of urea. The use of Trichoderma spp. demonstrates a positive effect on radish development, offering possibilities for promotion with an emphasis on lower doses of nitrogen. The ESALQ 1306 isolate (T. harzianum), at a dose of approximately 113 kg ha-1 of urea, a promotion was of 11% tuberous root diameter, 6% for the tuber root length, 50% for the leaf dry mass, 35% for the tuberous roots fresh mass, and 63% for the tuberous roots dry mass). The T. harzianum IBLF 006 WP and T. asperellum URM 5911 isolates are not recommended, as they presented an antagonistic effect.","PeriodicalId":91562,"journal":{"name":"Journal of sustainable development","volume":"20 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140979957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Survey of the Geographic Area, Altitude, Coastline, and Climate of African Countries and Regions: Implications for Africa’s Development","authors":"A. Kaba","doi":"10.5539/jsd.v17n3p57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v17n3p57","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the area, altitude, coastline, and climate of African nations. Africa’s 1.448 billion people in 2023 accounted for 18.14% of the world total of 7.979 billion, and its landmass of 30.32 million sq km, is 20% of the world total of 148.94 million sq km. Africa’s total coastline of 40,188 km is 11.3% of the world total of 356,000 km. Of Africa’s total area of 30,319,532 sq km, 574,393 sq km (2% excluding South Sudan) is water. There are 12 nations in Africa, each with an area of 1 million sq km or more. There are 16 nations in Africa with an average elevation ranging from over 1,000 meters to over 3,000 meters; and 17 nations with a peak elevation level of 3,000 meters or higher. Of 40 nations with hottest day temperature data, 5 (12.5%) are below 100 degrees; and 35 (87.5%) have figures ranging from 101.84 degrees to 124.34 degrees. Twenty-two nations (55% of 40) have coldest day temperatures in the 30s or lower; and 15 (37.5%) nations with temperatures of 32 degrees or less. There are 12 nations in Africa with average annual humidity figures of 60% or less. The study recommends that the African union lead the way in utilizing Africa’s strategic natural resources for its development. The study recommends that the African Union must work with the United States to ease the transition process for Black people returning to Africa from the United States in utilizing their expertise and wealth for Africa’s development.","PeriodicalId":91562,"journal":{"name":"Journal of sustainable development","volume":"20 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140980541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling the Economic Value of Green Spaces in Residential Areas of Dar Es Salaam City, Tanzania","authors":"N. Mwageni","doi":"10.5539/jsd.v17n3p28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v17n3p28","url":null,"abstract":"The economic value of green spaces in residential areas has been advocated to raise the land and property values. However, the establishment of the economic value of green spaces need many data such that it is costly and needs expertise. The objective of this study was to develop a user-friendly mathematical model that employ few data to determine the economic value of green spaces in residential areas in Dar es Salaam City. The study was cross sectional and employed structured questionnaires as a data collection method. Linear regression model was developed by relating economic values of green spaces to various environmental and socio-economic conditions of households. The study revealed that the net economic value of home greenery was significantly influenced by income of the households, area covered, age of the respondents and green space type. The average net benefit calculated from the model (1,317USD per household per year) was not far from the normal arithmetic mean calculated through traditional methods (1,369USD per household per year). This implies that the model can best predict the overall mean of the net benefit by 96.2%. It is therefore, recommended that the model can be used to estimate the economic value of ecosystem services from home greenery, property value and can guide the establishment of compensation for households due to green space availability.","PeriodicalId":91562,"journal":{"name":"Journal of sustainable development","volume":"64 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140655643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}