Time and Doses of Bacillus Subtilis in Leaf Application of Bean Plants

Abstract

Common beans P. vulgaris is an important food in the diet of the Brazilian population. Currently the use of microorganisms, such as B. subtillis, has been increasing significantly as an alternative to improve productivity of beans. The objective of this research was to identify the ideal dose of the commercial product (Panta Premium) based on B. subtilis, the best time and doses for leaf application, grain yield and its components and seed quality of bean. The statistical design was randomized blocks arranged in a factorial scheme (3 x 6) with four replicates. Three application times (V3, V4, and R5 stages) and six doses of the inoculant based on B. subtilis - strain UFMT Pant001 (0, 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 mL per ha-1) were assessed. The number of pods per plant, number of grains per plant, number of grains per pod, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, seed germination, vigor test, first germination count, and accelerated aging test were evaluated. That the 1000-grain weight was not influenced by the different doses and times of B. subtilis application. Positive linear regression with an increase in the number of pods per plant as the dose of inoculant (mL ha-1) increased when applied at the R5 stage. V3 and V4 stages, there was a linear increase (43,1 e 28,4% respectively) in the number of grains per plant as the dose of B. subtilis increased. At the R5 stage, as seen at the V3 and V4 stages, there is a linear behavior where the number of grains per plant increases as the dose of the inoculant based on B. subtilis increases. the results show that both the dose and the time of application of B. subtilis showed influence on the physiological quality of the seed. The increasing doses of B. subtilis strain UFMT Pant001 increased grain yield compared to the control. The leaf application of Bacillus subtilis strain UFMT Pant001 at stage R5 increased the number of pods and grains per plant and grain yield, regardless of the dose. The leaf application of B. subtilis strain UFMT Pant001 increased the physiological quality of the seeds, attributed to the good fertility of the soil at the site.