Biochemistry & molecular biology journal最新文献

{"title":"Personalized and Regeneration Medicine require a Coagulum-OMICs Model","authors":"J. A. Henry","doi":"10.21767/2471-8084-C1-023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2471-8084-C1-023","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In 2017, a program on patient blood management was posted to the National External Quality Assurance Scheme conference for hemostasis and thrombosis [1]. This subsequent coagulum-OMIC framework is a standard for predictive value within personalized and regeneration medicine. An OMIC model is a foresight by the author of this program to achieve OMIC flow [View Fig. 1.]. This model sustains the success of Coagulum-OMICS when supported with the ISO 9000 series. [2] [3] [4].","PeriodicalId":91454,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry & molecular biology journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47166046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Annexin A5 and MFG-E8 as potential plasma biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease","authors":"H. Sohma, Ayaka Sudo, Y. Kokai","doi":"10.21767/2471-8084-C1-022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2471-8084-C1-022","url":null,"abstract":"Biomarker study on dementia has developed and the most reliable fluid markers are amyloid peptide (Aβ), TAU, and phosphorylated TAU detected in cerebrospinal fluid. In addition, there is a great activity in blood-based markers of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) because blood extraction is tons much less invasive. Moreover, plasma biomarkers can be measured at a tremendously low rate once a popular gadget of dimension is established. However, there is no longer yet an setup or validated diagnostic test for plasma biomarkers. Using a neuronal cell way of life mannequin we have observed that annexin A5 and Milkfat globule-EGF component eight protein (MFGE8), Ca2+, and phospholipid-binding proteins were expanded in the cell subculture medium via Aβ42 treatment. An immunohistochemical study the use of AD mouse mannequin (APPPS1) brains published attribute distributions of annexin A5 and MFG-E8: greater intensive staining with anti-annexin A5 antibody was located extensively in APPPS1 mice compared with control; whereas staining with anti-MFG-E8 antibody was once detected solely in the central phase of the anti-Aβ-antibody stained plaque in APPPS1 mice, while no-staining was determined in control. As both annexin A5 and MFG-E8 might move the blood-brain barrier due to their lipid-binding property, it is potential that both proteins might be plasma biomarkers for AD. For measuring plasma degrees of them, we installed ELISA systems with monoclonal antibodies against annexin A5 and MFG-E8, respectively. The concentrations of both annexin A5 and MFG-E8 had been significantly greater in AD sufferers than in wholesome people (P<0.0001). From the ROC curve with plasma annexin A5 and MFG-E8 concentrations for the AD/control, the suggest areas underneath the curve were 0.898 and 0.723, respectively. Interestingly, the stage of plasma annexin A5 was also significantly greater in MCI sufferers than in manage (P<0.0001). This suggests that annexin A5 was multiplied at an early stage of the onset of AD. Alzheimer's ailment (AD) differs from different varieties of dementia in its relation to an amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta). Abeta, a proteolytic product of amyloid precursor proteins (APP), has a poisonous impact on neuronal cells, which involves perturbation of their Ca(2+) homeostasis. This effect implies that modifications in protein expression in neuronal cells with calcium stress should furnish a molecular marker for this disease. In the current study, we used the supernatant from a neuronal cell way of life after incubation with or except Abeta and isolated a Ca(2+)dependent acidic phospholipid-binding fraction to function a proteomic study. Several unique proteins have been recognized after incubation with Abeta. We centered on annexin A5, amongst these proteins, because it binds each Ca(2+) and lipids likely to be worried in calcium homeostasis. Tg2576 transgenic mice (AD model) overexpressing mutant human APP showed a full-size expansion of annexin A5 in the b","PeriodicalId":91454,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry & molecular biology journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68137904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single stranded DNA fragments in retinoblastoma patient blood plasma: link to oncogenesis and diagnostic validity","authors":"Kirill V. Ermakov, Alexander A. Bukhvostov","doi":"10.21767/2471-8084-c1-024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2471-8084-c1-024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91454,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry & molecular biology journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68137980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insect Arylalkylamine <i>N</i>-Acetyltransferases as Potential Targets for Novel Insecticide Design.","authors":"Brian G O'Flynn,&nbsp;Aidan J Hawley,&nbsp;David J Merkler","doi":"10.21767/2471-8084.100053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2471-8084.100053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Crop protection against destructive pests has been at the forefront of recent agricultural advancements. Rapid adaptive evolution has led to insects becoming immune to the chemicals employed to quell their damage. Insecticide resistance is a serious problem that negatively impacts food production, food storage, human health, and the environment. To make matters more complicated are the strict regulations in place on insecticide development, driven by rising public concern relating to the harmful effects these chemicals have on the environment and on society. A key component to solving the problem of insecticide resistance, while keeping public welfare in mind, is the identification of novel insect-specific protein targets. One unexplored target for the development of new targeted insecticides are the insect arylalkylamine <i>N</i>-acetyltransferases (iAANATs). This group of enzymes, shown to be intrinsic in the development of the insect cuticle, is an untapped well of potential for target-specific inhibition, while offering enough variety to ensure protection for non-target enzymes. In this review, we highlight kinetic, genetic and bioinformatic data showing that the iAANATs are intriguing insecticide targets that should be specific only for particular insect pests. Such a pest-specific insecticide would minimize environmental harm by eliminating such non-discriminate attacks which have made insecticides such a highly regulated industry, and would have negligible toxicity to humans and other mammals.</p>","PeriodicalId":91454,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry & molecular biology journal","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21767/2471-8084.100053","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35925415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Simple PCR-based Strategy for the Introduction of Point Mutations in the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae via CRISPR/Cas9.","authors":"Guohui Hu, Shiwen Luo, Hai Rao, Haili Cheng, Xin Gan","doi":"10.21767/2471-8084.100058","DOIUrl":"10.21767/2471-8084.100058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The methods currently employed for <i>in vivo</i> site-directed mutagenesis in yeast are laborious and/or inefficient. Recent developments of the CRISPR-based approaches hold great promise for genome editing, but its application in the yeast <i>S. cerevisiae</i> remains a time-consuming affair. The rate-limiting step in CRISPR-mediated genetic engineering in yeast is the incorporation of the guide sequences, which target Cas9 to relevant chromosomal locus, into the relevant yeast vectors. Here we present a PCR-based strategy to introduce specific point mutation into the yeast CDC48 gene via CRISPR. Our method eliminates the need for special dam- strain and markedly shortens the elaborate multi-step cloning process, leading to significant savings in time, labor and cost.</p>","PeriodicalId":91454,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry & molecular biology journal","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5868978/pdf/nihms951509.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35957559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic Studies of 1-Deoxy-D-Xylulose-5-Phosphate Synthase from <i>Deinococcus radiodurans</i>.","authors":"Sumit Handa,&nbsp;Daniel R Dempsey,&nbsp;Divya Ramamoorthy,&nbsp;Nanci Cook,&nbsp;Wayne C Guida,&nbsp;Tyler J Spradling,&nbsp;Justin K White,&nbsp;H Lee Woodcock,&nbsp;David J Merkler","doi":"10.21767/2471-8084.100051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2471-8084.100051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The non-mevalonate dependent (NMVA) pathway for the biosynthesis of isopentenyl pyrophosphate and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate is the sole source of these terpenoids for the production of isoprenoids in the apicomplexan parasites, in many eubacteria, and in plants. The absence of this pathway in higher organisms has opened a new platform for the development of novel antibiotics and anti-malarials. The enzyme catalyzing the first step of the NMVA pathway is 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (DXPS). DXPS catalyzes the thiamine pyrophosphate- and Mg (II)-dependent conjugation of pyruvate and D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to form 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate and CO₂. The kinetic mechanism of DXPS from <i>Deinococcus radiodurans</i> most consistent with our data is random sequential as shown using a combination of kinetic analysis and product and dead-end inhibition studies. The role of active site amino acids, identified by sequence alignment to other DXPS proteins, was probed by constructing and analyzing the catalytic efficacy of a set of targeted site-directed mutants.</p>","PeriodicalId":91454,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry & molecular biology journal","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21767/2471-8084.100051","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35925416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulatory Mechanisms of Hsp90.","authors":"Chrisostomos Prodromou","doi":"10.21767/2471-8084.100030","DOIUrl":"10.21767/2471-8084.100030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ability of Hsp90 to activate a disparate clientele implicates this chaperone in diverse biological processes. To accommodate such varied roles, Hsp90 requires a variety of regulatory mechanisms that are coordinated in order to modulate its activity appropriately. Amongst these, the master-regulator heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) is critically important in upregulating Hsp90 during stress, but is also responsible, through interaction with specific transcription factors (such as STAT1 and Strap/p300) for the integration of a variety of biological signals that ultimately modulate Hsp90 expression. Additionally, transcription factors, such as STAT1, STAT3 (including STAT1-STAT3 oligomers), NF-IL6, and NF-kB, are known to influence Hsp90 expression directly. Co-chaperones offer another mechanism for Hsp90 regulation, and these can modulate the chaperone cycle appropriately for specific clientele. Co-chaperones include those that deliver specific clients to Hsp90, and others that regulate the chaperone cycle for specific Hsp90-client complexes by modulating Hsp90s ATPase activity. Finally, post-translational modification (PTM) of Hsp90 and its co-chaperones helps too further regulate the variety of different Hsp90 complexes found in cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":91454,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry & molecular biology journal","volume":"3 1","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5346293/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34809025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nucleosomal Barrier to Transcription: Structural Determinants and Changes in Chromatin Structure.","authors":"V. Studitsky, E. V. Nizovtseva, A. Shaytan, D. Luse","doi":"10.21767/2471-8084.100017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2471-8084.100017","url":null,"abstract":"Packaging of DNA into chromatin affects all processes on DNA. Nucleosomes present a strong barrier to transcription, raising important questions about the nature and the mechanisms of overcoming the barrier. Recently it was shown that DNA sequence, DNA-histone interactions and backtracking by RNA polymerase II (Pol II) all contribute to formation of the barrier. After partial uncoiling of nucleosomal DNA from histone octamer by Pol II and backtracking of the enzyme, nucleosomal DNA recoils on the octamer, locking Pol II in the arrested state. Histone chaperones and transcription factors TFIIS, TFIIF and FACT facilitate transcription through chromatin using different molecular mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":91454,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry & molecular biology journal","volume":"135 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21767/2471-8084.100017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68137654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hemozoin Regulates iNOS Expression by Modulating the Transcription Factor NF-κB in Macrophages.","authors":"R. Ranjan, M. Karpurapu, A. Rani, A. Chishti, J. Christman","doi":"10.21767/2471-8084.100019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2471-8084.100019","url":null,"abstract":"Hemozoin (Hz) is released from ruptured erythrocytes during malaria infection caused by Plasmodium sp., in addition the malaria infected individuals are prone to bacterial sepsis. The molecular interactions between Hz, bacterial components and macrophages remains poorly investigated. In this report, we investigated the combinatorial immune-modulatory effects of phagocytosed Hz, Interferon gamma (IFNγ) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in macrophages. Macrophages were treated with various concentrations of commercial synthetic Hz, and surprisingly it did not result in inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression. However, when macrophages were pretreated with Hz and then challenged with IFNγ or LPS, there was a differential impact on iNOS expression. There was an increase in iNOS expression when macrophages were pre-treated with Hz and subsequently treated with IFNγ when compared to IFNγ alone. Whereas iNOS expression was reduced when Hz phagocytosed macrophages were stimulated with LPS compared to LPS alone. Furthermore, there was an increased activation of NF-κB in Hz phagocytosed macrophages that were challenged with IFNγ. The interaction between Hz and macrophages has an impact on iNOS expression.","PeriodicalId":91454,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry & molecular biology journal","volume":"2 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21767/2471-8084.100019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68137714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial Effects of Silver Nanoparticles Stabilized in Solution by Sodium Alginate.","authors":"Anatoliy Kubyshkin, Denis Chegodar, Andrew Katsev, Armen Petrosyan, Yuri Krivorutchenko, Olga Postnikova","doi":"10.21767/2471-8084.100022","DOIUrl":"10.21767/2471-8084.100022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/purpose: </strong>To investigate the effect of nanosilver particles in solution stabilized in a matrix of sodium alginate on the growth and development of pathogenic bacteria such as <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Proteus vulgaris</i>, <i>Enterobacter cloacae</i>, the antibiotic-resistant strain of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, the yeast-like fungus <i>Candida albicans</i>, and the luminescent bacteria <i>Photobacterium leiognathi</i> Sh1.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Isolates of pathogenic bacteria obtained from bronchoalveolar and peritoneal lavage samples from Wistar rats with experimental pneumonia and peritonitis were tested for their susceptibility to silver nanoparticles in solution with an alginate stabilizer. The antifungal activity of silver nanoparticles in sodium alginate was studied for <i>C. albicans</i> (strain CCM885) using the Sabouraud agar method. The biocidal impact of silver nanoparticles in solution with a sodium alginate matrix on the luminescent bacteria <i>P. leiognathi</i> Sh1 was investigated using a BLM 8801 luminometer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was observed that a 0.02-0.05% nanosilver solution with an alginate stabilizer limits the growth and development of pathogenic bacteria within the first 24 hours of exposure. If the concentration of nanosilver solution is 0.0005-0.05%, it inhibits the viability of the fungus <i>C. albicans</i>. A nanosilver solution at a concentration of 0.05-0.2 μg/mL represses bioluminescence in the bacteria <i>P. leiognathi</i> Sh1. From these results, it appears that the biocidal effect of nanosilver is related either to the presence of ions that are formed during dissolution, or to the availability of nanoparticles that interrupt the membrane permeability of bacterial cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Silver nanoparticles stabilized in a solution of sodium alginate possess significant <i>in vitro</i> antimicrobial activity, which is manifested by inhibition of the bioluminescence of <i>P. leiognathi</i> Sh1, and inhibition of the growth and development of the pathogenic bacteria <i>S. aureus</i>, <i>E. faecalis</i>, <i>E. coli</i>, P. vulgaris, <i>E. cloacae</i>, the antibiotic-resistant strain of <i>P. aeruginosa</i>, and the fungus <i>C. albicans</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":91454,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry & molecular biology journal","volume":"2 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21767/2471-8084.100022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68137820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}