Open medicine journal最新文献

{"title":"China Against Drug Resistance (CARE) Point Prevalence Study: A Tool for Evaluating Hospital Acquired Infections and Antimicrobial Prescription at Patient Bedside","authors":"Yonghong Xiao, Qiang Wang, Jing Yang, Jingping Zhang, Hongyi Lin, Wenjie Yang, Changwen Feng, Yukun Chen, Wenxiang Huang, Pascal Vincelot, Qizhi Liao, Stanley Gong, Yijun Xia, Vincent Jarlier","doi":"10.2174/0118742203311447240703051016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118742203311447240703051016","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 China Against Drug Resistance (CARE) project was launched for improving antimicrobial use and infection control in Chinese hospitals. The first step was developing a Point Prevalence Survey (PPS) tool for assessing at patient bedside risk factors and rates of hospital acquired infections (HAIs) and quality indicators of antimicrobial usage and testing its workability.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 After a pilot phase (2016), the CARE PPS tool was deployed in 2018-9 in eight large Chinese hospitals. Each hospital selected 3-5 adult departments (intensive care, surgery, medicine). The questionnaire in English and Chinese, on paper and tablet computer, was filled out directly at the patient's bedside by local infection control teams, microbiologists, pharmacists and clinicians.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The number of patients visited per day and per investigator team increased from 20-30 during the pilot phase in the first hospital to 40-50 in the eight other hospitals. The main characteristics of the 1,170 patients included (ICU 138, medicine 430, surgery 602) were: median age 60 years; Mac Cabe score 1 74.7%; catheters: central vascular 14.3%, peripheral vascular 50.9%, urinary 19.8%; surgery during stay 31.8%. HAIs prevalence was 6.3% (mainly respiratory tract, surgical-site; main bacteria: Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella). 54.4% of the patients were receiving antimicrobials for therapeutical use (≈3/4 single drug): from 36% in surgery to 78.3% in ICU, mostly large spectrum beta-lactams. Examination of patient records at the bedside found the reason for the treatment (53%), treatments based on microbiological results (9.3%), and prescription reassessment (30.7%).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The study showed that antimicrobial policy and HAI prevention could be improved by using Care-PPS in Chinese hospitals. Although obtained on a limited number of patients, the results demonstrated that there is room for improvement in antimicrobial policy and HAI prevention in the participating hospitals.\u0000","PeriodicalId":91371,"journal":{"name":"Open medicine journal","volume":"23 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141925763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CLEC4A Expression as a Prognostic Biomarker and Immunoregulator in Lung Adenocarcinoma: Insights from Immune Cell Infiltration","authors":"Huiyun Ma, Gujie Wu, Hongyu Chen, Qin Hu, Zhouwei Zhang, Fei Wang, Qun Xue","doi":"10.2174/0118742203270381240209060006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118742203270381240209060006","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 CLEC4A (C-type lectin domain family 4 member A), a member of the C-type (Ca2+-dependent) lectin (CLEC) receptor, is an immunosuppressant of dendritic cells (DCs) and plays an important role in innate and adaptive immunity, however, its role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and the potential for immunotherapy remains to be investigated.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 To achieve our objectives, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of CLEC4A expression and its correlation with clinical factors in LUAD. We utilized publicly available datasets, such as The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and other relevant resources, to gather gene expression and clinical data from LUAD patients. Furthermore, we investigated the association of CLEC4A expression levels with clinical pathological staging and prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma. The TIMER database was utilized to analyze immune cell infiltration, while the TISIDB database provided insights into lymphocyte infiltration and immune regulatory factors.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Our analysis revealed a significant correlation between poor prognosis and low CLEC4A expression in LUAD patients. Reduced expression of CLEC4A was associated with adverse clinical factors, indicating its potential as a prognostic biomarker in LUAD. Moreover, we observed a noteworthy relationship between CLEC4A expression and immune cell infiltration. Increased CLEC4A expression was correlated with higher infiltration levels of CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, dendritic cells (DC), and B cells within the tumor microenvironment. This indicates an immunoregulatory role for CLEC4A in modulating immune responses against LUAD. Additionally, our analysis highlighted a positive correlation between CLEC4A expression and the presence of lymphocytes, further emphasizing its potential importance in tumor immunity. Furthermore, the investigation of immune-related factors indicated a potential involvement of CLEC4A in immune regulation within the tumor microenvironment.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This study provides valuable insights into the expression, prognosis, and potential immunotherapeutic role of CLEC4A in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). The identified correlations between CLEC4A expression and clinical characteristics, immune cell infiltration, and lymphocyte infiltration highlight the significance of CLEC4A as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for LUAD. Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and capitalize on the therapeutic potential of targeting CLEC4A in LUAD. These efforts could contribute to improving patient outcomes and prognosis in LUAD.\u0000","PeriodicalId":91371,"journal":{"name":"Open medicine journal","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140688841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Value of the A2DS2 Score Combined with the Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte Ratio in Predicting Acute Ischemic Stroke-associated Pneumonia","authors":"Chunhua Liang, Xiaoyong Xiao, Xiaohua Xiao, Xueqin Yan, Huoyou Hu, Jing Tian, Cuimei Wei","doi":"10.2174/18742203-v10-230705-2023-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/18742203-v10-230705-2023-14","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 We aimed to explore the risk factors for acute ischemic stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) and evaluate the predictive value of the Age, Atrial fibrillation, Dysphagia, Sex, Stroke Severity (A2DS2) score, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and a combination of both indices for acute ischemic SAP.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Overall, 1,505 patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) were enrolled and divided into SAP and non-SAP groups. Patients’ age, sex, and medical history (alcohol consumption, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, coronary disease, atrial fibrillation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and stroke history) were recorded. Clinical data were recorded, including consciousness disturbance, dysphagia, indwelling nasogastric tube, thrombolytic therapy, hospital stay length, National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, stroke position, TOAST classification, and blood pressure on admission. Laboratory indicators, including white blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, creatinine, homocysteine, and fasting blood glucose, were also recorded. NLR was calculated by dividing the absolute neutrophil count by the absolute lymphocyte count. All patients were scored using A2DS2. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the relationships between A2DS2, NLR, and SAP. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to evaluate the diagnostic value of A2DS2, NLR, and their combined indices for predicting SAP.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 SAP occurred in 203 (13.5%) of the 1,505 enrolled patients. Patients in the SAP group were older and had a higher proportion of hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease history, consciousness disorder, dysphagia, indwelling nasogastric tube, fasting blood glucose level, NIHSS score, and longer hospital stay. The SAP group had a higher A2DS2 score than the non-SAP group. Similarly, the WBC count, neutrophil count, and NLR were significantly higher in the SAP group than in the non-SAP group. After excluding confounding factors, binary logistic regression analysis showed that age, NIHSS score, NLR, and A2DS2 score were independent risk factors for SAP. The ROC curves showed the A2DS2 score and NLR predicted SAP with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.855 (sensitivity: 73.3%, specificity: 86.1%) and 0.849 (sensitivity: 79.7%, specificity: 80.6%), respectively, and the combined prediction of SAP AUC was 0.924 (sensitivity: 87.7%, specificity: 82.8%), which was higher than that of a single index, with improved the sensitivity of prediction.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 In patients with AIS, the A2DS2 score combined with NLR is of greater value in predicting the risk of acute ischemic SAP than a single indicator.\u0000","PeriodicalId":91371,"journal":{"name":"Open medicine journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45213742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in a Patient with Liver Cirrhosis: Case Report and Literature Review","authors":"Yangyang Hu, Shaoxian Hu","doi":"10.2174/18742203-v10-e230719-2022-49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/18742203-v10-e230719-2022-49","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 There are no treatment guidelines for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) for the patients with decompensated cirrhosis, especially for those who have a history of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, gastrointestinal bleeding and gastric fundus ulceration.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A 50-year-old woman who had a six-year history of lupus was admitted to our hospital. One month prior, at the Department of Gastroenterology, she was diagnosed with decompensated liver cirrhosis with gastric fundal varicose bleeding, and HBV-related infection. During her visit to the hospital, gastroscopy showed esophageal varices and a large gastric fundus ulcer. Laboratory data indicated the rapid decrease of red blood cells, granulocytes and platelets and the persistent increase of serum globulin levels. According to the patient's medical history and existing laboratory examination, the patient experienced an exacerbation of SLE, which could be life-threatening.-While it remained uncertain whether the liver cirrhosis was caused by SLE or the HBV infection, immediate treatment was necessary. Consequently, she was treated with a low dose of methylprednisolone and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF). The treatment resulted in significant clinical improvement. Moreover, there was no indication of HBV reactivation, gastrointestinal bleeding, liver dysfunction or other drug-induced side effects.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This case indicated that irrespective of the underlying causes of liver cirrhosis, the combination of a low dose of methylprednisolone and MMF is an effective treatment method to inhibit the disease process for patients with SLE and decompensated liver cirrhosis, a large gastric fundus ulcer and HBV infection.\u0000","PeriodicalId":91371,"journal":{"name":"Open medicine journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44707452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the Effectiveness and Safety of Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion with Four Different Fixation Systems: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis","authors":"Jing Xiao, Hui Yu, Jianfeng Sun, Yuxuan Deng, Yang Zhao, Rui Gao, Xian Li","doi":"10.2174/18742203-v10-e230505-2022-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/18742203-v10-e230505-2022-50","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is the classic procedure for the treatment of degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM). Cage with plate (CP), polyetheretherketone cage alone (PCA), ROI-C and Zero-P are the most widely used fixation systems in ACDF. However, there is insufficient evidence to determine the optimal system for ACDF.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A comprehensive analysis to show which of the CP, PCA, ROI-C and Zero-P after ACDF has the best clinical efficacy and the most reliable safety.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We searched the Embase, Pubmed, and Cochrane library up to the date of February 13th, 2021. Studies included relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies with a comparison of different fixation systems among CP, PCA, ROI-C and Zero-P were identified.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We screened 43 trials eligible, including 3045 patients. No significant differences were found in the NDI score. PCA has shown a significantly less recovery of cervical lordosis than CP and Zero-P. For the non-fusion rate, PCA was significantly higher than CP. PCA had a significantly higher subsidence rate than CP and Zero-P, and ROI-C was also significantly higher than CP. For the incidence of complications, CP was significantly higher than the others. The surface under the cumulative ranking curves (SUCRA) for NDI score improvement was: SSC, PCA, and CP. ROI-C, Zero-P, PCA, and CP; for cervical lordosis recovery: CP, Zero-P, ROI-C, and PCA; for non-fusion rate: PCA, Zero-P, ROI-C, and CP; for subsidence rate: PCA, ROI-C, Zero-P, and CP; for complications: CP, PCA, ROI-C, and Zero-P.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Despite the third-ranking spectrums of fusion rate, Zero-P still could be recommended for its second-ranking spectrums of the NDI score improvement efficacy, cervical lordosis recovery, and reduction of subsidence rate, with the least ranking of complications.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The number of PROSPERO is CRD42021230735 (www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO).\u0000","PeriodicalId":91371,"journal":{"name":"Open medicine journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49435198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential Diagnosis Models for Multiple Myeloma Combined with Renal Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease or Nephrotic Syndrome","authors":"Meihua Wu, Yong-Li Yang, Jie Tan, X. Jia, J. Bao, Yu-Ping Wang, Chao-Jun Yang, Xuezhong Shi","doi":"10.2174/18742203-v10-e230419-2022-47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/18742203-v10-e230419-2022-47","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 When multiple myeloma(MM) is combined with renal injury, most patients are easily misdiagnosed as kidney diseases. This study aimed to establish a differential diagnosis model for MM combined with renal injury based on clinical information.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A total of 77 patients with MM combined with renal injury were recruited as the case group, and 112 patients with kidney diseases were recruited as a control group. Support vector machine (SVM), decision tree (DT), and artificial neural network (ANN) models were developed based on significant clinical variables. Accuracy and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were used to evaluate each model.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Accuracies of SVM, DT, and ANN were 0.843,0.902, and 0.941. The AUCs of SVM, DT, and ANN were 0.822,0.879, and 0.932. Lower extremity edema, bone pain, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were common important indicators identified by SVM, DT and ANN models. When these three indicators were excluded, the ANN model prediction effect decreased significantly (P<0.05).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The results suggest that the ANN model best predicts the differential diagnosis between MM combined with renal injury and chronic kidney disease/nephrotic syndrome. Important features contributing to identifying the diseases, including lower extremity edema, bone pain, and LDH, may assist in diagnosing such diseases in the future.\u0000","PeriodicalId":91371,"journal":{"name":"Open medicine journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44358580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 16 Epithelia-Mesenchymal Transition Associated LncRNAs Signature to Optimize Prognosis Predication of Stomach Adenocarcinoma","authors":"Yanhua Yan, Xinru He, Yanfen Chen, Yuancheng Huang, Xiaotao Jiang, Junhui Zheng, Xinfa Chen","doi":"10.2174/18742203-v9-e221222-2022-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/18742203-v9-e221222-2022-11","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The study aimed to identifying critical long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and constructed a prognostic signature to optimize prognosis predication of patients with Stomach Adenocarcinoma (STAD).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 STAD is a common malignant tumor with high metastasis rate and low survival rate. LncRNAs participate in the regulation process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and development of STAD.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 RNAseq data was obtained from TCGA-STAD, while 200 EMT-associated genes (EAGs) from ‘HALLMARK_EPITHELIAL_MESENCHYMA-L _TRANSITION’ gene set. Differentially expressed EAGs and EMT-associated lncRNAs (EALs) were identified. Moreover, Lasso Cox regression analysis was used to construct a signature of differentially expressed EALs, and univariate and multivariate analyses, Kaplan-Meier analysis, receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis and nomogram were conducted to predict its prognostic value. Enrichment functional analysis was performed. Quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to determine lncRNAs expressions in cell lines.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A total of 52 differentially expressed EAGs and 320 EALs were identified in this study. Meanwhile, 16 EALs was used to construct the signature, and further analysis indicated that it had high prognostic value for STAD patients. Enrichment functional analysis revealed the signature was correlated to tumor immunity in STAD. Moreover, three novel EALs expressions were confirmed in cell lines.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A novel survival signature was established to predict and evaluate prognosis of STAD patients.\u0000","PeriodicalId":91371,"journal":{"name":"Open medicine journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46330624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cxcr4-Containing Exosomes derived from Cancer Associated Fibroblasts Promote Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition in Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma","authors":"Z. Fang, Liang Chen, Huijuan Li, Naifu Liu, Xinxin Zhang, Jingwei Peng, Jinlong Chen","doi":"10.2174/18742203-v9-e221103-2022-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/18742203-v9-e221103-2022-13","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Interaction between CAFs and OCCC in tumor microenvironment and its possible pathway\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) has high invasion and metastasis, and poor prognosis. Tumor invasion is facilitated by epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) which is associated with stromal cells of tumors that mostly consist of cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Exosomes are important carriers of information exchange and transmission between cells.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We aimed to investigate whether CAFs can induce OCCC invasion through exosomes.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We extrated exosomes by an exosome extraction kit. Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect whether exosomes were internalized by ES2 cells. EMT-related proteins were detected and invasion experiments were carried out to investigate whether CAFs can induce OCCC invasion through exosomes.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We found that CAF and NF exosomes could be internalized in ES2 cells. The expression of OCCC CXCR4 protein could be increased by adding the supernatant of CAFs, but there was no significant change in the expression of CXCR4 mRNA. CXCR4 protein expression in CAF exosomes was significantly higher than that in NFs. Enhanced tumor invasiveness in ES2 cells was associated with CAF exosome-mediated, increased levels of N-cadherin and β-Catenin. Inhibition of CXCR4 expression or the Wnt/β-Catenin pathway of ES2 cells potentially reverses EMT and invasion induced by CAF exosomes.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This study demonstrates that CXCR4-containing exosomes derived from CAFs could promote the EMT and invasion of OCCC.\u0000","PeriodicalId":91371,"journal":{"name":"Open medicine journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48217227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Updates on the Effect of Endocrine Disruptors on Male Reproductive Functions","authors":"Roshini Rajendran, Latchoumycandane Calivarathan, P. Mathur","doi":"10.2174/18742203-v9-e2208180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/18742203-v9-e2208180","url":null,"abstract":"Endocrine disruptors are man-made or naturally occurring chemical substances, upon exposure, alter the male reproductive health by interfering with hormonal homeostasis and spermatogenesis. Several studies have supported the hypothesis that a decrease in sperm count over the past few decades is due to exposure to environmental contaminants possessing estrogenic or anti-androgenic properties. Bisphenol A, phthalates, alkylphenols, and polychlorinated biphenyls are some of the endocrine-disrupting chemicals commonly present in our day-to-day products that have been shown to pose a significant threat to reproductive health. Many chemicals directly or indirectly affect the endocrine systems, altering metabolism, sex differentiation, growth, stress response, gender behavior, and reproduction. The endocrine pathway disruption is possible via membrane receptors or nuclear receptors and inhibition of enzymatic pathways. The declining male reproductive health has been linked to an increased presence of chemical contaminants in our environment in the form of pesticides and plastics. The effect of endocrine disruptors on reproductive health remains a real issue considering public health. This review gives a recent update on environmental chemicals that have endocrine-disrupting potential and their effect on the male reproductive system.","PeriodicalId":91371,"journal":{"name":"Open medicine journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48941817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urinary Retention Secondary to Colpocleisis: A Case Report","authors":"E. Soto-Vega, Y. Cuan-Baltazar, A. García-Mora, C. Arroyo","doi":"10.2174/1874220302108010008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874220302108010008","url":null,"abstract":"Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) is common in older women, and depending on its extent, it is conservative or surgically treated. Colpocleisis is a technique for POP treatment, in which the vaginal canal is closed, entirely or partially, in order to avoid the protrusion of the pelvic structures, with preservation of the urethral meatus in order to preserve normal micturition. We present a case of a 61-year old woman, who 8 years after a colpocleisis, progressed to urinary retention associated with the progressive scarring of the labia, causing the obstruction of the urethral meatus. The patient underwent a labiaplasty with anterior colpoperineoplasty, with complete normalization of her micturition and sexual activity. Long term urinary retention complication has not been previously reported in the literature and should be included as a possible adverse event after colpocleisis.","PeriodicalId":91371,"journal":{"name":"Open medicine journal","volume":"321 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68057423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}