BLDE University Journal of Health Sciences最新文献

{"title":"COVID-associated rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis: A comparative study between computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging for its early detection in suspected cases of rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis","authors":"Priyanka R Megharaj, Vikram Patil, Santosh Reddy","doi":"10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_51_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_51_22","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM), a life-threatening, acute fungal infection of the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses, once considered a rare and lethal complication in immunocompromised patients, is now having a massive increase in ROCM incidence in India associated with COVID-19, i.e., COVID-associated mucormycosis with more than 15,000 cases as of May 2021. Early imaging by computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is not only helpful in assessing the extent of involvement of this lethal disease but also helps in early diagnosis leading to prompt and aggressive treatment. The present study is aimed at determining and comparing the imaging findings on CT and MRI in ROCM patients, for early diagnosis in suspected cases of ROCM. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study is a comparative study of CT and MRI done on 11 patients suspected of ROCM, for 2 months from May to June 2021. RESULTS: Among 11 patients in the study group, ranging from 29 to 65 years of age, 45.4% belonged in 41–60 years of age group, with female predominance. 90.90% cases (10 patients) had maxillary sinus involvement among which 7 cases were diagnosed with ROCM, followed by 63.60% cases (7 patients) had ethmoidal sinus involvement among which 6 cases were diagnosed with ROCM. The involvement of retromaxillary space, pterygopalatine fossa space and masticator space, and cellulitis in premaxillary and preseptal spaces were findings seen only in diagnosed cases of ROCM. Erosions of bones were seen in ROCM cases, 27.20% cases (3 patients) had erosions of walls of maxillary sinus and lamina papyracea each. Orbital involvement in the form of intraconal space and extraocular muscles involvement was seen in 27.20% cases (3 patients) each. Optic nerve involvement was seen in 18.10% cases (2 patients) followed by extraconal space involvement in 9.01% cases (1 patient). Taking KOH staining and/or histopathology (HPR) as standard of reference, CT has a Sensitivity (Sn) of 71.40%, Specificity (Sp) of 100%, Positive predictive value (PPV) of 100%, Negative Predictive Value (NPV) of 66%, and Diagnostic accuracy (DA) of 81% as compared to MRI which has a Sn of 85.7%, Sp of 100%, PPV of 100%, NPV of 80%, and DA of 90.9%. CONCLUSIOIN: CT and MRI play a complementary role in diagnosis of ROCM, as CT is better in detecting bone erosions, whereas MRI is better in detecting soft tissue, orbital and central nervous system involvement. In the acute state of emergency as in the current pandemic with rising cases of ROCM and acute shortage of amphotericin-B, MRI is the single best modality for accurate detection of ROC, helping clinicians in the judicious use of Amphotericin-B.","PeriodicalId":9122,"journal":{"name":"BLDE University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"40 1","pages":"282 - 288"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84959144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Graded epidural anesthesia for fistulectomy with symptomatic obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","authors":"V. Nivedha, R. Brindha, S. Vigneshwaran","doi":"10.4103/jss.jss_20_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jss.jss_20_22","url":null,"abstract":"Hemodynamic fluctuations can occur when fistulectomy is usually done under spinal anesthesia that can cause detrimental effects for a patient with obstructive cardiomyopathy. This is a case of 51-year-old male with fistula in ano sustaining obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy as suggested by chest pain, palpitation, breathlessness on exertion was scheduled for fistulectomy. Electrocardiography (ECG) showed left ventricular hypertrophy with deep narrow Q waves in V1 to V6. Echo showed asymmetrical septal hypertrophy, grade 1 diastolic dysfunction, EF – 60%. Regional anesthesia technique such as graded epidural anesthesia can be safe and cost effective by prolonging the postoperative pain relief and thus also effective in blunting autonomic, somatic, and endocrine response triggered by surgical insult.","PeriodicalId":9122,"journal":{"name":"BLDE University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"59 1","pages":"321 - 322"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82917882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative study on knowledge and awareness regarding type-2 diabetes mellitus and its complications among urban and rural patients","authors":"S. Darivemula, G. Vishwajeeth, G. Pooja, G. Prathyusha, G. Pavani, G. Sahithya, G. Dharani, G. Shankar, S. Katkuri","doi":"10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_35_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_35_22","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Type-2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most challenging public health problem. Most of the people are unaware of the disease and its preventive measures and complications. It is important to acknowledge the gap in the knowledge and awareness of the disease to prevent the disease and effectively plan public health care. METHODOLOGY: This was a cross-sectional study with the objective to assess the level of knowledge and awareness regarding type-2 DM and its complications among urban and rural population and to compare them. The sample size was calculated as 404 among >30 years of age with Type-2 DM with >1 year of duration with or without complications. Data was collected on demographic details, knowledge, awareness, complications and lifestyle modifications by using the structured questionnaire. The collected data was compared among urban and rural patients and the association was seen between different factors by appropriate statistical test. RESULTS: The knowledge on normal blood sugar was (45.6% and 27.2%) in urban and rural, HbA1C (63.8% and 49.5%), family history of diabetes (59.4% and 43.1%), whether DM2 is a multi system disorder, monitoring of blood sugar levels and frequency of monitoring and checkups were found to be more in the urban compare to the rural with P < 0.05. The awareness on complications like the rate of complications with increase in time (66.3% and 57.0%), awareness of diabetic foot (52.9% and 37.1%), prone to infections (67.3% and 58.9%), prone to COVID 19 infection (74.7% and 64.9%), most common organ involved as the complication arise was kidney (39.6% and 33.7%) with P < 0.05. CONCLUSION: The study suggests that there is a need to improve knowledge about DM and its complications, and there is a need for diabetes-specific health awareness campaigns on behavior and lifestyle changes, adherence to treatment and self-care.","PeriodicalId":9122,"journal":{"name":"BLDE University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"48 1","pages":"276 - 281"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73585888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic criteria and role of multimodality imaging in complicated autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease","authors":"Ravikanth Reddy","doi":"10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_54_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_54_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9122,"journal":{"name":"BLDE University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"37 1","pages":"327 - 328"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91286702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of clinical skill competency of medical postgraduate students – Recommendations for upcoming CBME curriculum for postgraduates","authors":"R. Rajashree, Smita Kottagi, Triveni A. Jambale, G. Channashetti","doi":"10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_9_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_9_22","url":null,"abstract":"Direct observation of postgraduate medical trainees with actual patients by clinical faculty has traditionally been a standard tool to assess knowledge and skills in clinical subjects. By assessing and providing feedback to medical trainees performing a medical interview, physical examination, or counselling patients, faculty can facilitate budding physicians to have successful practice of medicine in their future. Despite the advances in clinical skills evaluation, direct observation has been a most popular and time tested method. However, observation of postgraduate medical students by faculty is very subjective and unfortunately often sporadic and non-standardized. Substantial amount of literature identifies several threats to its construct validity as an assessment tool. Although many tried to demonstrate methods to minimize those threats, there are many lacunae that remain inherent to direct observation method. Hence the need of the time is to relook at the observation as an assessment tool, instead of discarding the whole as inappropriate one. The authors initially made an effort to analyse the problems in present settings in India. After an extensive literature search authors advocate few additions and modifications to the existing system. Thus the present study not only highlights the pitfalls in the direct observation method but also suggests solutions for the problem.","PeriodicalId":9122,"journal":{"name":"BLDE University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"184 - 191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88452523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The burden of the unnoticed rotational motion disorder","authors":"J. Rissardo, Ana Letícia Fornari Caprara","doi":"10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_32_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_32_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9122,"journal":{"name":"BLDE University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"45 1","pages":"329 - 330"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90832307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle determinants in infertile and fertile males and females from two big cities of Punjab","authors":"S. Kaur, R. Thaman, R. Sood, V. Sambyal, I. S Sandhu, Archana Beri, M. Chawla","doi":"10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_99_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_99_22","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Infertility is an apparent failure of a couple to conceive. The demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle determinants in infertility and its related factors should be seen more realistically. Regional variations in the causes of infertility need a completely comprehensive approach that helps to dive deeper into the root cause of the disease and manage it holistically. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A study on selected risk factors of infertility among 100 infertile couples and 200 fertile males, females attending tertiary health-care centers and in vitro fertilization centers from two big cities of Punjab was conducted. The data were collected using semi-structured pro forma questionnaire. The data collected included the anthropometric measurements, demographic profile, lifestyle variables impacting infertility, and socioeconomic attributes. Data were analyzed to look out for risk factors and their association using the odds ratio. RESULTS: The findings of the study revealed that nonvegetarian diet, more tea and alcohol usage, smoking abuse, and duration of mobile phone usage were seen more in infertile couples which was statistically significant in relation to fertile participants. Occupation, physical activity, sleep, socioeconomic variables, and education status did not show any statistical significance when compared between the two groups. Interestingly, statistical significance was seen in the obese class II category only in infertile males in comparison to fertile males. CONCLUSION: An all-inclusive perspective is needed for the diagnosis, treatment, and management of infertility. Health-care professionals need to dive into aspects of infertility treatment other than medical interventions to provide an integrated treatment regimen for couples facing infertility.","PeriodicalId":9122,"journal":{"name":"BLDE University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"88 1","pages":"294 - 301"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84329363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rare case report of bilateral ruptured tubal ectopic pregnancy","authors":"Preeti Malapure, Rajasri G Yaliwal, P. Jaju, Gauri Bankapur","doi":"10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_65_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_65_22","url":null,"abstract":"Implantation of the fertilized ovum outside the uterine cavity is called ectopic gestation. The common presenting symptoms are per vaginal bleeding till 12 weeks, pain in the lower abdomen, and absence of menses. ß-HCG level is increased (>1000IU/L) and transvaginal ultrasonography shows an empty uterus. These findings essentially confirm the diagnosis. In this, we have a 23-year-old, G2P1L1 with a history of 3 months of amenorrhea, presenting to the labor ward with a history of per vaginal bleeding and lower abdominal pain. The diagnosis was 10 weeks right-sided ruptured ectopic pregnancy and intraoperatively found to be ruptured ectopic pregnancy in both fallopian tubes which we managed successfully by performing emergency laparotomy with bilateral partial salpingectomy.","PeriodicalId":9122,"journal":{"name":"BLDE University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"49 1","pages":"314 - 316"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83246851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary function tests, fatigue levels and functional capacity in head and neck cancer patients undergoing cancer therapy: An evaluation study","authors":"Renu B Pattanshetty, Varsha Huddar, Prasad Kharwandikar","doi":"10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_46_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_46_21","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: The changes in pulmonary functions and fatigue; occurring in the months and years following cancer therapy have been well documented. The changes that occur in the hours of the cancer treatment are less clear. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The changes detected in the early stage of cancer treatment may help to prevent late pulmonary & associated complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The pre and post scores were taken after 3 days of treatment. PFT was recorded by vitalograph & peak flow meter, fatigue levels were assessed by FACIT-F scale and functional capacity was assessed by distance covered in 6- minute walk test. RESULTS: One hundred and seventeen patients with head and neck cancer were recruited 108 were males and 09 females with mean age of 52.2 years; there is a significant statistical reliable difference between the pre & post treatment values, with P-value is 0.001< 0.05. It justifies the deuteriations in health outcome post intervention. CONCLUSION: There is significant deterioration seen in the PFT, fatigue levels, functional capacity; could cause significant clinical problems. Early detection of all these changes can helps the patients as well as therapist to avoid or minimal late complications.","PeriodicalId":9122,"journal":{"name":"BLDE University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"30 1","pages":"241 - 244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81338545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of long-distance load marching on physiological responses at desert environment","authors":"K. Arya, A. Yadav, D. Bhattacharyya, Subhojit Chatterjee, M. Pal","doi":"10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_73_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bjhs.bjhs_73_22","url":null,"abstract":"AIM: The present study was undertaken to examine the effect of long-distance load marching on the physiological responses, walking efficiency, and mobility of soldiers at sandy desert environment. METHODS: A total of nine physically fit soldiers (age, 30.00 [SE 0.9] years; height, 175.56 [SE 1.18] cm; and weight, 77.83 [SE 1.37] kg) volunteered for long-distance (6 km) load marching by self-selected speed when carrying 22 kg (28.27% of body weight [BW]) load and no load (NL). Heart rate (HR), respiratory frequency (RF), and core body temperature (CBT) were recorded. Relative workload (RWL) and Physiological Cost Index (PCI) were calculated to assess the work intensity and mobility. RESULTS: It was observed that HR (P = 0.01), RWL (P = 0.01), and PCI (P = 0.01) were significantly increased by 23.79, 39.71, and 77.73%, respectively, and mobility was significantly reduced (P = 0.01) by 18.56% during marching with 22 kg load as compared to NL. CONCLUSION: It may be that marching without external load at speed of 4.85 ± 0.54 km/h should not be continued for more than 2 h, whereas marching with load of 28.27% of BW at speed of 3.95 ± 0.55 km/h should be restricted to maximum 30 min. This combination of load, speed, and duration provides information about soldiers' routine load carriage tasks, which may help in optimizing the load carriage task to reduce the chances of cumulative carriage-related injuries and, therefore, may contribute to improved soldiers' operational readiness and mobility.","PeriodicalId":9122,"journal":{"name":"BLDE University Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":"204 - 210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78173231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}