New space最新文献_第2页

The Space-Faring Africa: Commercial Space Industry and its Readiness for Innovation-Driven Investment 航天非洲:商业航天工业及其对创新驱动投资的准备

New space Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1089/space.2021.0026

José P. Ferreira, Imane El Khantouti, Ananyo Bhattacharya, Maxim Mommerency, Federico Rondoni

{"title":"The Space-Faring Africa: Commercial Space Industry and its Readiness for Innovation-Driven Investment","authors":"José P. Ferreira, Imane El Khantouti, Ananyo Bhattacharya, Maxim Mommerency, Federico Rondoni","doi":"10.1089/space.2021.0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/space.2021.0026","url":null,"abstract":"The African continent presents undeniable differentiating factors to play a key role in the space economy of this century. Over the past decades, its economic pulse has sustainably raised, fomenting research efforts and investment in the development of space technology. Evaluating these factors is a recurrent task for decision makers and investors, and it consists of a thorough and difficult process of gathering non-standardized data and economic indicators from different sources. This becomes significant when aiming at comparing distinct countries concerning their potential to succeed in the space sector. As such, we propose a novel approach to increase the understanding on the multitude of factors that make a country attractive from the investment perspective in the space sector. To do so, we gathered opinion-based data from young nationals by leveraging the Space Generation Advisory Council network in Africa. We reached for distinctive representatives of the network and showcased a methodology to formulate a qualitative classification according to the country's conditions to promote fruitful investments in the space sector. In this way, we introduce the Space Business Readiness Level — which showed that most of the interviewed countries currently present either favorable or increasing conditions for investment.","PeriodicalId":91035,"journal":{"name":"New space","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136131369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mission Architecture Using the SpaceX Starship Vehicle to Enable a Sustained Human Presence on Mars. 使用SpaceX星际飞船实现人类在火星上持续存在的任务架构。

New space Pub Date : 2022-09-01 Epub Date: 2022-09-13 DOI: 10.1089/space.2020.0058

Jennifer L Heldmann, Margarita M Marinova, Darlene S S Lim, David Wilson, Peter Carrato, Keith Kennedy, Ann Esbeck, Tony Anthony Colaprete, Richard C Elphic, Janine Captain, Kris Zacny, Leo Stolov, Boleslaw Mellerowicz, Joseph Palmowski, Ali M Bramson, Nathaniel Putzig, Gareth Morgan, Hanna Sizemore, Josh Coyan

{"title":"Mission Architecture Using the SpaceX Starship Vehicle to Enable a Sustained Human Presence on Mars.","authors":"Jennifer L Heldmann, Margarita M Marinova, Darlene S S Lim, David Wilson, Peter Carrato, Keith Kennedy, Ann Esbeck, Tony Anthony Colaprete, Richard C Elphic, Janine Captain, Kris Zacny, Leo Stolov, Boleslaw Mellerowicz, Joseph Palmowski, Ali M Bramson, Nathaniel Putzig, Gareth Morgan, Hanna Sizemore, Josh Coyan","doi":"10.1089/space.2020.0058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/space.2020.0058","url":null,"abstract":"A main goal of human space exploration is to develop humanity into a multi-planet species where civilization extends beyond planet Earth. Establishing a self-sustaining human presence on Mars is key to achieving this goal. In situ resource utilization (ISRU) on Mars is a critical component to enabling humans on Mars to both establish long-term outposts and become self-reliant. This article focuses on a mission architecture using the SpaceX Starship as cargo and crew vehicles for the journey to Mars. The first Starships flown to Mars will be uncrewed and will provide unprecedented opportunities to deliver ∼100 metric tons of cargo to the martian surface per mission and conduct robotic precursor work to enable a sustained and self-reliant human presence on Mars. We propose that the highest priority activities for early uncrewed Starships include pre-placement of supplies, developing infrastructure, testing of key technologies, and conducting resource prospecting to map and characterize water ice for future ISRU purposes.","PeriodicalId":91035,"journal":{"name":"New space","volume":"10 3","pages":"259-273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9527650/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33488867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Earth-Based Research Analogs to Investigate Space-Based Health Risks. 基于地球的研究类似物来调查基于空间的健康风险。

New space Pub Date : 2021-12-01 Epub Date: 2021-12-20 DOI: 10.1089/space.2020.0048

Ronita L Cromwell, Janice L Huff, Lisa C Simonsen, Zarana S Patel

{"title":"Earth-Based Research Analogs to Investigate Space-Based Health Risks.","authors":"Ronita L Cromwell, Janice L Huff, Lisa C Simonsen, Zarana S Patel","doi":"10.1089/space.2020.0048","DOIUrl":"10.1089/space.2020.0048","url":null,"abstract":"During spaceflight, astronauts are exposed to a variety of unique hazards, including altered gravity fields, long periods of isolation and confinement, living in a closed environment at increasing distances from Earth, and exposure to higher levels of hazardous ionizing radiation. Preserving human health and performance in the face of these relentless hazards becomes progressively more difficult as missions increase in length and extend beyond low Earth orbit. Finding solutions is a significant challenge that is further complicated by logistical issues associated with studying these unique hazards. Although research studies using space-based platforms are the gold standard, these are not without limitations. Factors such as the small sample size of the available astronaut crew, high expense, and time constraints all add to the logistical challenge. To overcome these limitations, a wide variety of Earth-based analogs, from polar research outposts to an undersea laboratory, are available to augment space-based studies. Each analog simulates unique physiological and behavioral effects associated with spaceflight and, therefore, for any given study, the choice of an appropriate platform is closely linked to the phenomena under investigation as well as the characteristics of the analog. There are pros and cons to each type of analog and each actual facility, but overall they provide a reasonable means to overcome the barriers associated with conducting experimental research in space. Analogs, by definition, will never be perfect, but they are a useful component of an integrated effort to understand the human risks of living and working in space. They are a necessary resource for pushing the frontier of human spaceflight, both for astronauts and for commercial space activities. In this review, we describe the use of analogs here on Earth to replicate specific aspects of the spaceflight environment and highlight how analog studies support future human endeavors in space.","PeriodicalId":91035,"journal":{"name":"New space","volume":"9 4","pages":"204-216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/2f/df/space.2020.0048.PMC8743922.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39693259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Exotic Optical Fibers and Glasses: Innovative Material Processing Opportunities in Earth's Orbit. 外来光纤和玻璃:地球轨道上的创新材料加工机会。

New space Pub Date : 2017-09-01 DOI: 10.1089/space.2017.0016

Ioana Cozmuta, Daniel J Rasky

{"title":"Exotic Optical Fibers and Glasses: Innovative Material Processing Opportunities in Earth's Orbit.","authors":"Ioana Cozmuta, Daniel J Rasky","doi":"10.1089/space.2017.0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/space.2017.0016","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Exotic optical fibers and glasses are the platform material for photonics applications, primarily due to their superior signal transmission (speed, low attenuation), with extending bandwidth deep into the infrared, exceeding that of silica fibers. Gravitational effects (convection sedimentation) have a direct impact on the phase diagram of these materials and influence melting properties, crystallization temperatures, and viscosity of the elemental mix during the manufacturing process.\u0000 Such factors constitute limits to the yield, transmission quality, and strength and value of these fibers; they also constrain the range of applications. Manufacturing in a gravity-free environment such as the Earth's Orbit also helps with other aspects of the fabrication process (i.e., improved form factor of the manufacturing unit, sustainability). In this article, revolutionary developments in the field of photonics over the past decade merge with the paradigm shift in the privatization of government-owned capabilities supporting a more diverse infrastructure (parabolic, suborbital, orbital), reduced price, and increased frequency to access space and the microgravity environment. With the increased dependence on data (demand, bandwidth, efficiency), space and the microgravity environment provide opportunities for optimized performance of these exotic optical fibers and glasses underlying the development of enabling technologies to meet future data demand. Existing terrestrial markets (Internet, telecommunications, market transactions) and emerging space markets (on-orbit satellite servicing, space manufacturing, space resources, space communications, etc.) seem to converge, and this innovative material processing opportunity of exotic optical fibers and glasses might just be that \"killer app\": technologically competitive, economically viable, and with the ability to close the business case.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":91035,"journal":{"name":"New space","volume":"5 3","pages":"121-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/space.2017.0016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35773294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11