BioResearch Open Access最新文献

{"title":"Decellularization of Human Internal Mammary Artery: Biomechanical Properties and Histopathological Evaluation.","authors":"Abdol-Mohammad Kajbafzadeh,&nbsp;Reza Khorramirouz,&nbsp;Seyede Maryam Kameli,&nbsp;Javad Hashemi,&nbsp;Amin Bagheri","doi":"10.1089/biores.2016.0040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/biores.2016.0040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study undertook to create small-diameter vascular grafts and assess their structure and mechanical properties to withstand arterial implantation. Twenty samples of intact human internal mammary arteries (IMAs) were collected and decellularized using detergent-based methods. To evaluate residual cellular and extracellular matrix (ECM) components, histological analysis was performed. Moreover, collagen typing and ECM structure were analyzed by Picrosirius red and Movat's pentachrome staining. Scanning electron microscopy was also applied to assess microarchitecture of both endothelial and adventitial surfaces of native and decellularized arterial samples. Furthermore, mechanical tests were performed to evaluate the rigidity and suture strength of the arteries. Human IMAs were completely decellularized in all three segments (proximal, middle, and distal). ECM proteins such as collagen and elastic fibers were efficiently preserved and no structural distortion in intima, media, and adventitial surfaces was observed. The parameters of the mechanical tests revealed no significant differences in the mechanical properties of decellularized arteries in comparison to native arteries with considerable strength, suture retention, and stress relaxation (Young's modulus [MPa] = 0.22 ± 0.023 [native] and 0.22 ± 0.015 [acellular]; and suture strength 0.56 ± 0.19 [native] vs. 0.56 ± 0.12 [acellular], respectively). Decellularized IMA represents a potential arterial scaffold as an alternative to autologous grafts for future arterial bypass surgeries. By this technique, microarchitecture and mechanical integrity of decellularized arteries were considerably similar to native arteries. The goal of this study was to introduce an efficient method for complete decellularization of human IMA and evaluate the ECM and biomechanical properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":9100,"journal":{"name":"BioResearch Open Access","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/biores.2016.0040","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35192694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of a Murine Model of Bioequivalent Bladder Wound Healing and Repair Following Subtotal Cystectomy.","authors":"Mona Zarifpour,&nbsp;Karl-Erik Andersson,&nbsp;Sneha S Kelkar,&nbsp;Aaron Mohs,&nbsp;Cathy Mendelsohn,&nbsp;Kerry Schneider,&nbsp;Frank Marini,&nbsp;George J Christ","doi":"10.1089/biores.2017.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/biores.2017.0011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous work demonstrated restoration of a bioequivalent bladder within 8 weeks of removing the majority of the bladder (subtotal cystectomy or STC) in rats. The goal of the present study was to extend our investigations of bladder repair to the murine model, to harness the power of mouse genetics to delineate the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for the observed robust bladder regrowth. Female C57 black mice underwent STC, and at 4, 8, and 12 weeks post-STC, bladder repair and function were assessed via cystometry, <i>ex vivo</i> pharmacologic organ bath studies, and <i>T</i>₂-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Histology was also performed to measure bladder wall thickness. We observed a time-dependent increase in bladder capacity (BC) following STC, such that 8 and 12 weeks post-STC, BC and micturition volumes were indistinguishable from those of age-matched non-STC controls and significantly higher than observed at 4 weeks. MRI studies confirmed that bladder volume was indistinguishable within 3 months (11 weeks) post-STC. Additionally, bladders emptied completely at all time points studied (i.e., no increases in residual volume), consistent with functional bladder repair. At 8 and 12 weeks post-STC, there were no significant differences in bladder wall thickness or in the different components (urothelium, lamina propria, or smooth muscle layers) of the bladder wall compared with age-matched control animals. The maximal contractile response to pharmacological activation and electrical field stimulation increased over time in isolated tissue strips from repaired bladders but remained lower at all time points compared with controls. We have established and validated a murine model for the study of <i>de novo</i> organ repair that will allow for further mechanistic studies of this phenomenon after, for example, genetic manipulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9100,"journal":{"name":"BioResearch Open Access","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/biores.2017.0011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35043013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Correction to:</i> Biores Open Access 2016;5:137-145.","authors":"","doi":"10.1089/biores.2016.0010.correx","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/biores.2016.0010.correx","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1089/biores.2016.0010.].</p>","PeriodicalId":9100,"journal":{"name":"BioResearch Open Access","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/biores.2016.0010.correx","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35043014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cataract Surgery and Visual Acuity in Elderly Japanese: Results of Fujiwara-kyo Eye Study.","authors":"Kimie Miyata,&nbsp;Tadanobu Yoshikawa,&nbsp;Masashi Mine,&nbsp;Tomo Nishi,&nbsp;Nozomi Okamoto,&nbsp;Tetsuo Ueda,&nbsp;Ryo Kawasaki,&nbsp;Norio Kurumatani,&nbsp;Nahoko Ogata","doi":"10.1089/biores.2017.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/biores.2017.0007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to determine the presence of prior cataract surgery and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in an elderly Japanese cohort. The Fujiwara-kyo Eye Study was a prospective, population-based, cross-sectional epidemiological study. The subjects were ≥68 years who lived in the Nara Prefecture and responded to recruitment notices. All of the subjects underwent comprehensive ophthalmological examinations, and the sociodemographic information and medical history, including prior cataract surgery, were obtained by answers to a questionnaire. The associations between the BCVA, age, sex, and history of cataract surgery were determined. A total of 2,873 subjects whose mean age was 76.3 ± 4.9 (mean ± standard deviation) years were studied. The mean BCVA was -0.020 ± 0.14 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution units, and it was significantly better in the group with education ≥13 years (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Overall, 24.2% of the subjects had undergone cataract surgery, and 41.7% of the subjects ≥80 years had undergone cataract surgery. The incidence of prior cataract surgery increased with increasing age (<i>p</i> < 0.001 for trend). The mean BCVA of eyes with cataract surgery was significantly better than that of eyes without cataract surgery in subjects ≥80 years (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Visual acuity was generally good in this cohort of elderly Japanese subjects. In this cohort, 24.2% of the subjects had undergone cataract surgery, and the subjects ≥80 years had better BCVA than those without cataract surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":9100,"journal":{"name":"BioResearch Open Access","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/biores.2017.0007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34949169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-Time Three-Dimensional Echocardiography: Characterization of Cardiac Anatomy and Function-Current Clinical Applications and Literature Review Update.","authors":"Omar Velasco,&nbsp;Morgan Q Beckett,&nbsp;Aaron W James,&nbsp;Megan N Loehr,&nbsp;Taylor G Lewis,&nbsp;Tahmin Hassan,&nbsp;Rajesh Janardhanan","doi":"10.1089/biores.2016.0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/biores.2016.0033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our review of real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE) discusses the diagnostic utility of RT3DE and provides a comparison with two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE) in clinical cardiology. A Pubmed literature search on RT3DE was performed using the following key words: transthoracic, two-dimensional, three-dimensional, real-time, and left ventricular (LV) function. Articles included perspective clinical studies and meta-analyses in the English language, and focused on the role of RT3DE in human subjects. Application of RT3DE includes analysis of the pericardium, right ventricular (RV) and LV cavities, wall motion, valvular disease, great vessels, congenital anomalies, and traumatic injury, such as myocardial contusion. RT3DE, through a transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), allows for increasingly accurate volume and valve motion assessment, estimated LV ejection fraction, and volume measurements. Chamber motion and LV mass approximation have been more accurately evaluated by RT3DE by improved inclusion of the third dimension and quantification of volumetric movement. Moreover, RT3DE was shown to have no statistical significance when comparing the ejection fractions of RT3DE to cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). Analysis of RT3DE data sets of the LV endocardial exterior allows for the volume to be directly quantified for specific phases of the cardiac cycle, ranging from end systole to end diastole, eliminating error from wall motion abnormalities and asymmetrical left ventricles. RT3DE through TTE measures cardiac function with superior diagnostic accuracy in predicting LV mass, systolic function, along with LV and RV volume when compared with 2DE with comparable results to CMR.</p>","PeriodicalId":9100,"journal":{"name":"BioResearch Open Access","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/biores.2016.0033","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34820534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can Handgrip Strength Improve Following Body Mass-Based Lower Body Exercise?","authors":"Yu Yaginuma,&nbsp;Takashi Abe,&nbsp;Robert S Thiebaud,&nbsp;Takahiro Kitamura,&nbsp;Masashi Kawanishi,&nbsp;Tetsuo Fukunaga","doi":"10.1089/biores.2017.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/biores.2017.0008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Knee extension strength (KES) improves following body mass-based lower body exercise training; however, it is unknown whether this type of exercise increases handgrip strength (HGS) as a result of a cross-education effect in older individuals. Our aim was to investigate the effect of a body mass-based exercise intervention on HGS and KES in older adults. At baseline, 166 subjects started a 12-week intervention program, and 160 (108 women and 52 men) subjects completed the study. A self-selected group of 37 older adults (21 women and 16 men) served as a control group. HGS, KES, and ultrasound-derived anterior thigh muscle thickness (anterior thigh MT) were measured at baseline and post-testing, and relative strength of the knee extensor (KES/anterior thigh MT) was calculated. A linear regression model controlling for baseline values of body-mass index, % body fat, fat-free mass, HGS, chair stand time, anterior thigh MT, and KES/body mass ratio found a significant difference between control and training groups for KES post-testing values (<i>p</i> = 0.001) and anterior thigh MT post-testing values (<i>p</i> = 0.012), but not for HGS post-testing values (<i>p</i> = 0.287). Our results suggest that increases in lower body strength and muscle size following a 12-week lower body mass-based exercise intervention fail to translate into improvements in HGS.</p>","PeriodicalId":9100,"journal":{"name":"BioResearch Open Access","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/biores.2017.0008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34949168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender Differences in Post-Traumatic Stress.","authors":"Maria Grazia Modena,&nbsp;Daniele Pettorelli,&nbsp;Giulia Lauria,&nbsp;Elisa Giubertoni,&nbsp;Erminio Mauro,&nbsp;Valentina Martinotti","doi":"10.1089/biores.2017.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/biores.2017.0004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute stress can trigger cardiovascular events and disease. The earthquake is an \"ideal\" natural experiment for acute and chronic stress, with impact mainly on the cardiovascular system. On May 20th and 29th, 2012, two earthquakes of magnitude 5.9° to 6.4° on the Richter scale, hit the province of Modena and Reggio Emilia, an area of the north-center of Italy never considered at seismic risk. The purpose of our study was to assess whether there were gender-specific differences in stress-induced incidence of cardiovascular events and age of patients who arrived at the Emergency Departments (ED) of the three main teaching hospitals of the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia. Global access of patients, divided in relation to age, gender, and diagnosis was compared with that one detected in the same departments and in the same interval of time in 2010. The data collected were relative to consecutive cases derived by retrospective chart and acute cardiovascular events were classified according to ICD-9 (<i>International Classification of Diseases</i>, ninth revision). A total of 1,401 accesses were recorded in the year of earthquake versus 530 in 2010 (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05), with no statistically significant differences in number of cases and mean age in relation to gender, despite the number of women exceeded that of men in 2012 (730 vs. 671); the opposite occurred, in 2010 (328 vs. 202). The gender analysis of 2012 showed a prevalence of acute coronary syndromes (ACSs 177 vs. 73, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.03) in men, whereas women presented more strokes and transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) (90 vs. 94, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05), atrial fibrillation (120 vs. 49, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05), deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism (DVT/PE; 64 vs. 9, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05), panic attacks (124 vs. 26, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.03), aspecific chest pain (122 vs. 18, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05), TakoTsubo cardiomyopathy (10 vs. 0, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05), and DVT/PE (61 vs. 3, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.03). The gender analysis of 2010 showed no difference in number of accesses and age, with higher incidence of ACS in men (130 vs. 34, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) and aspecific chest pain in women (42 vs. 5, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05). The analysis between 2012 and the standard period (2010) showed women recurring to ED in larger number with more panic attacks (124 vs. 3, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.01), more atrial fibrillation (120 vs. 40, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.01) and, as a possible consequence, more TIAs and strokes (190 vs. 25, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.005), more TakoTsubo (10 vs. 0, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05), DVT/PE (61 vs. 3, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05), and aspecific chest pain (122 vs. 5, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.01). The difference between men's accesses to ED was less striking, but in 2012 men reported more panic attacks (26 vs. none, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05), more atrial fibrillations, TIAs, and strokes (49 vs. 13, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05 and 94 vs. 18, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.03). In conclusion, clinical (stress induced) events recorded during and immediately after the 2012 earthquakes were quite different between women and men, a","PeriodicalId":9100,"journal":{"name":"BioResearch Open Access","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/biores.2017.0004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34808757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomimetics of Bone Implants: The Regenerative Road","authors":"Elizabeth Brett, John Flacco, Charles P. Blackshear, M. Longaker, D. Wan","doi":"10.1089/biores.2016.0044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/biores.2016.0044","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The current strategies for healing bone defects are numerous and varied. At the core of each bone healing therapy is a biomimetic mechanism, which works to enhance bone growth. These range from porous scaffolds, bone mineral usage, collagen, and glycosaminoglycan substitutes to transplanted cell populations. Bone defects face a range of difficulty in their healing, given the composite of dense outer compact bone and blood-rich inner trabecular bone. As such, the tissue possesses a number of inherent characteristics, which may be clinically harnessed as promoters of bone healing. These include mechanical characteristics, mineral composition, native collagen content, and cellular fraction of bone. This review charts multiple biomimetic strategies to help heal bony defects in large and small osseous injury sites, with a special focus on cell transplantation.","PeriodicalId":9100,"journal":{"name":"BioResearch Open Access","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75557527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved Methods to Produce Tissue-Engineered Skin Substitutes Suitable for the Permanent Closure of Full-Thickness Skin Injuries","authors":"D. Larouche, Laurence Cantin-Warren, M. Desgagné, R. Guignard, I. Martel, Akram Ayoub, A. Lavoie, R. Gauvin, F. Auger, V. Moulin, L. Germain","doi":"10.1089/biores.2016.0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/biores.2016.0036","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract There is a clinical need for skin substitutes to replace full-thickness skin loss. Our group has developed a bilayered skin substitute produced from the patient's own fibroblasts and keratinocytes referred to as Self-Assembled Skin Substitute (SASS). After cell isolation and expansion, the current time required to produce SASS is 45 days. We aimed to optimize the manufacturing process to standardize the production of SASS and to reduce production time. The new approach consisted in seeding keratinocytes on a fibroblast-derived tissue sheet before its detachment from the culture plate. Four days following keratinocyte seeding, the resulting tissue was stacked on two fibroblast-derived tissue sheets and cultured at the air–liquid interface for 10 days. The resulting total production time was 31 days. An alternative method adapted to more contractile fibroblasts was also developed. It consisted in adding a peripheral frame before seeding fibroblasts in the culture plate. SASSs produced by both new methods shared similar histology, contractile behavior in vitro and in vivo evolution after grafting onto mice when compared with SASSs produced by the 45-day standard method. In conclusion, the new approach for the production of high-quality human skin substitutes should allow an earlier autologous grafting for the treatment of severely burned patients.","PeriodicalId":9100,"journal":{"name":"BioResearch Open Access","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80022788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational Model-Based Analysis of Strategies to Enhance Scaffold Vascularization","authors":"E. S. Bayrak, B. Akar, S. Somo, Chenlin Lu, Nan Xiao, E. Brey, A. Çinar","doi":"10.1089/biores.2016.0039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/biores.2016.0039","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Stable and extensive blood vessel networks are required for cell function and survival in engineered tissues. A number of different strategies are currently being investigated to enhance biomaterial vascularization with screening primarily through extensive in vitro and in vivo experiments. In this article, we describe an agent-based model (ABM) developed to evaluate various strategies in silico, including design of optimal biomaterial structure, delivery of angiogenic factors, and application of prevascularized biomaterials. The model predictions are evaluated using experimental data. The ABM developed provides insight into different strategies currently applied for scaffold vascularization and will enable researchers to rapidly screen new hypotheses and explore alternative strategies for enhancing vascularization.","PeriodicalId":9100,"journal":{"name":"BioResearch Open Access","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84043036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}