IF 1 4区生物学

Botany Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-20 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-023-03538-2

Aida Pedram, Azadeh Torkzadeh, Roshanak Ghaffari, Seyed Sasan Aryanezhad

{"title":"Assessing Olfactory Fossa Depth and Its Relationship with the Variations in Adjacent Anatomical Structures by Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT).","authors":"Aida Pedram, Azadeh Torkzadeh, Roshanak Ghaffari, Seyed Sasan Aryanezhad","doi":"10.1007/s12070-023-03538-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12070-023-03538-2","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the olfactory fossa anatomy (Keros types) and its relationship with changes in adjacent anatomical structures using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). In this descriptive-analytical study, the paranasal CBCT of 120 healthy adults over 18 years of age were evaluated. The olfactory fossa depth on both sides and the degree of asymmetry on both sides were reported. Correlation of olfactory fossa depth with the size of adjacent anatomical structures such as middle concha length, maximum orbital height and distance from ethmoid roof to nasal floor and ethmoid roof height to the palate in the anterior and posterior, length, and lateral angle of the lamella and cribriform plate distance. The lower concha junction was examined. The most common olfactory fossae on both sides of the Keros classification were Type II, Type I, and Type III, respectively. The mean dimensions of adjacent anatomical structures on the right and left did not differ significantly. The length and lateral angle of the lamella and the height of the ethmoid roof to the floor of the nose, and the height of the ethmoid roof to the palate in the back, on the right, and left in Type III were greater. The lateral angle of the left lamella was greater in Type III. The relationship between olfactory fossa depth and changes in anatomical structures were not significantly correlated with increasing olfactory fossa depth.Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12070-023-03538-2.","PeriodicalId":9092,"journal":{"name":"Botany","volume":"48 1","pages":"2862-2869"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10645708/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86779097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Moss Regeneration for lithium mine waste rock revegetation in Québec, Canada 苔藓再生用于加拿大魁北克锂矿废石的植被重建

IF 1.1 4区生物学

Botany Pub Date : 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.1139/cjb-2023-0110

Chao Liu, Kathy Pouliot, Sébastien Roy, L. Rochefort

{"title":"Moss Regeneration for lithium mine waste rock revegetation in Québec, Canada","authors":"Chao Liu, Kathy Pouliot, Sébastien Roy, L. Rochefort","doi":"10.1139/cjb-2023-0110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2023-0110","url":null,"abstract":"Despite bryophytes being well adapted to various ecological settings, they are rarely considered in reclamation projects. In this study, propagation regenerative capabilities of bryophytes on different substrates (sand, amphibolite and pegmatite) and conditions (with or without peat amendment, shade and shredding) were tested in greenhouse and field experiments. In the greenhouse trial, after six months of reintroduction, Racomitrium species (Racomitrium canescens and R. elongatum) had higher regeneration compared to Polytrichum species (Polytrichum juniperinum mixed with P. piliferum; A combination of shade (65% shading) and peat amendment (0.5 cm depth) was found to be particularly effective, resulting in up to 100% of Racomitrium species regeneration; Shredding the stems of Polytrichum species into small pieces of 0.5 to 1.0 cm inhibited its regeneration. In the field trial, peat amendment had no effect on moss regeneration. The addition of fluvioglacial sand or till on waste rocks promoted bryophytes regeneration both in the greenhouse and field. These results provide science based, practical knowledge to support the inclusion of native bryophytes in waste rock restoration plans for mines located in northern boreal forests.","PeriodicalId":9092,"journal":{"name":"Botany","volume":"206 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139202750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The importance of taxonomy for determining species distribution: A case study using the disjunct lichen Brodoa oroarctica. 分类学对确定物种分布的重要性:以北缘断缘地衣Brodoa / oarctic 为例。

4区生物学

Botany Pub Date : 2023-11-09 DOI: 10.1139/cjb-2023-0096

Hayley Anne Paquette, Richard Troy McMullin, Yolanda Wiersma

{"title":"The importance of taxonomy for determining species distribution: A case study using the disjunct lichen Brodoa oroarctica.","authors":"Hayley Anne Paquette, Richard Troy McMullin, Yolanda Wiersma","doi":"10.1139/cjb-2023-0096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2023-0096","url":null,"abstract":"Species-focused conservation requires a thorough understanding of species’ distributions. Delineating a species’ distribution requires taxonomic knowledge and adequate occurrence data. For plants and fungi, herbaria represent a valuable source of large-scale occurrence data. Advances in digital technology mean that data from many herbarium collections worldwide are now easily accessible. However, species concepts can change over time requiring herbarium records to be re-examined and databases updated, which does not always occur synchronously across all collections. Therefore, non-critical use of these data can promote inaccuracies in understanding species distributions. Taxonomic revisions are common in understudied organisms, such as lichens. Here, we illustrate how changing taxonomy and non-critical acceptance of online data affects our understanding of disjunct distributions, using the lichen Brodoa oroarctica (Krog) Goward as an example. Defining the distribution of the arctic lichen B. oroarctica is confounded by changing taxonomy and uncertainty of herbarium records that pre-date taxonomic revisions. We review the distribution of this species in the literature and in aggregate occurrence databases, and verify herbarium specimens that represent disjunct occurrences in eastern North America to present an updated account of its distribution and frequency in eastern North America. We show that knowledge of changing species taxonomy is essential to depicting accurate species distributions.","PeriodicalId":9092,"journal":{"name":"Botany","volume":" 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135192193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

New species and new record of Candolleomyces (Psathyrellaceae) from India 标题印度Candolleomyces (psathyrellacae)新种及新记录

4区生物学

Botany Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1139/cjb-2023-0066

P.K. Nayana, C.K. Pradeep

引用次数: 0

Outcrossing rates in the permanent translocation heterozygote Oenothera biennis L. (Onagraceae) 永久易位杂合子的异交率(桔梗科)

4区生物学

Botany Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.1139/cjb-2023-0067

Marc T J Johnson, Ryan Godfrey

{"title":"Outcrossing rates in the permanent translocation heterozygote Oenothera biennis L. (Onagraceae)","authors":"Marc T J Johnson, Ryan Godfrey","doi":"10.1139/cjb-2023-0067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2023-0067","url":null,"abstract":"In species that primarily reproduce asexually, occasional sex can have important evolutionary consequences. Many plant species in the genus Oenothera have a genetic system called permanent translocation heterozygosity (PTH), which renders plants functionally asexual when they self-fertilize. PTH results from reciprocal translocations of chromosomes that suppresses recombination, and a balanced lethal mortality of homozygous gametes that prevents independent assortment of alleles. When PTH plants self-fertilize, the offspring are genetically identical to the parents, but when they outcross they can create new genotypes. Here we sought to determine the rate of outcrossing of natural populations of PTH Oenothera biennis L (Onagraceae). We genotyped 46 parents from 14 populations in Tompkins County, NY, USA, and 754 of their offspring at highly polymorphic microsatellite loci. 99.5% of offspring were genetically identical to their seed parents, whereas 4 offspring out of 754 exhibited allelic mismatches with their seed parent. The estimated outcrossing rate ranged from 0.1 to 0.4%. Our study design also permitted us to estimate mutation rate of microsatellite loci., which ranged from 1.33x10-3 to 3.98x10-3. These results show that O. biennis typically exhibits a functionally asexual genetic system, but rare outcrossing events can generate novel genotypes that may have important evolutionary consequences.","PeriodicalId":9092,"journal":{"name":"Botany","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135968185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cannibal plants: intraspecific autoparasitism among host-specific holoparasites 同类植物:宿主特异性全寄生虫的种内自寄生

4区生物学

Botany Pub Date : 2023-10-10 DOI: 10.1139/cjb-2023-0081

Luiza Teixeira-Costa

{"title":"Cannibal plants: intraspecific autoparasitism among host-specific holoparasites","authors":"Luiza Teixeira-Costa","doi":"10.1139/cjb-2023-0081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2023-0081","url":null,"abstract":"Intraspecific autoparasitism, the phenomenon in which a parasite serves as the host for another individual of the same species, is a well described interaction among hemi-parasitic flowering plants. Here I describe a rare case of autoparasitism in Epifagus virginiana (Orobanchaceae), a holo-parasitic plant normally found exclusively on the roots of Fagus grandifolia (Fagaceae). Confirmation of the autoparasitic relationship was obtained through micro-tomography and anatomical analyses. Results show the presence of vessel connections between the two E. virginiana plants and the unobstructed passage of solutes from one plant to another, thus suggesting the autoparasitic connection to be fully functional. While several segments of nearby host roots were entangled with the adventitious roots of the parasite, no parasite-host vascular connection was detected. Additionally, an analysis of digitized herbarium specimens showed that albeit rare, the observed autoparasitic relationship in E. virginiana is not a one-of case. A total of 3,097 digitized herbarium specimens were also analyzed, among which 1.69% were observed to potentially include an autoparasitic connection. Altogether, these results provide new clues for the investigation of host-specificity and haustorium development processes in parasitic flowering plants.","PeriodicalId":9092,"journal":{"name":"Botany","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136293511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mycoheterotrophic plants as indicators of post-agricultural forest regeneration: abundance of Hypopitys monotropa and Monotropa uniflora in post-agricultural forests changes through time 异养真菌植物作为农业后森林更新的指示物:农业后森林中单、单植物丰度随时间的变化而变化

4区生物学

Botany Pub Date : 2023-10-10 DOI: 10.1139/cjb-2023-0048

Marion Holmes

{"title":"Mycoheterotrophic plants as indicators of post-agricultural forest regeneration: abundance of Hypopitys monotropa and Monotropa uniflora in post-agricultural forests changes through time","authors":"Marion Holmes","doi":"10.1139/cjb-2023-0048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2023-0048","url":null,"abstract":"Herbaceous layers in second-growth forests are shaped by past land use. Disturbances such as agriculture may impact populations of mycoheterotrophs, non-photosynthetic mycorrhizal plants that obtain carbon from fungal networks, by altering mycorrhizal communities or removing trees they derive carbon from. I tested the hypotheses that two mycoheterotrophic forest herbs increase in abundance during succession and become most common in older forests as plant communities reassemble through time. Distributions of Hypopitys monotropa and Monotropa uniflora, were sampled in Athens County, Ohio, USA. I surveyed populations in a 40-site post-agricultural forest chronosequence with five upland and five valley sites in each of four age classes: 40-60, 61-80, 81-100, and >130 years since canopy closure. Aspect and elevation were measured to assess environmental influence. Both H. monotropa and M. uniflora were most common in older stands with EM tree-rich canopy composition and West or South-facing aspects, indicating influence of historical, biotic, and edaphic factors. Hypopitys was exclusive to forests > 80 years old, while M. uniflora was present in younger stands. Abundance of both species was also significantly predicted by Fagaceae basal area. Because EM trees were also most abundant in South-and West-facing uplands, environmental influence appears to be mediated through canopy composition. ","PeriodicalId":9092,"journal":{"name":"Botany","volume":"2014 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136293514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Petalophyllites speirsiae gen. et sp. nov. (Marchantiophyta: Fossombroniales), a fossil liverwort gametophyte from the Paleocene of Alberta, Canada Petalophyllites specisiae gen. et sp. 11 . (marchantiophysia: Fossombroniales)，加拿大阿尔伯塔省古新世苔类配子体化石

IF 1.1 4区生物学

Botany Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1139/cjb-2023-0057

Georgia L. Hoffman, Barbara J. Crandall-Stotler

{"title":"Petalophyllites speirsiae gen. et sp. nov. (Marchantiophyta: Fossombroniales), a fossil liverwort gametophyte from the Paleocene of Alberta, Canada","authors":"Georgia L. Hoffman, Barbara J. Crandall-Stotler","doi":"10.1139/cjb-2023-0057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2023-0057","url":null,"abstract":"Botany, Volume 101, Issue 10, Page 462-470, October 2023. Although liverworts (Marchantiophyta) are postulated to be one of the oldest lineages of land plants, their documented fossil record is sparse. This study describes five new fossil liverwort gametophytes, one of which bears antheridia, from the Paleocene Paskapoo Formation of Alberta, Canada. The thalli are bilaterally symmetrical, with two undissected wings that bear oppositely arranged dorsal lamellae. One specimen is dichotomously branched, and one bears clusters of antheridia along the midrib area of its dorsal surface. These characters are consistent with those of extant Petalophyllum Nees & Gottsche ex Lehm. (Fossombroniales: Petalophyllaceae), and the genus Petalophyllites gen. nov. (Fossombroniales: Petalophyllaceae) is here erected for these fossils. They are the first representatives of Petalophyllaceae and the Fossombroniales from the fossil record. Most of the specimens are in growth position. Their geologic setting and associated fossils indicate that Petalophyllites lived at the margin of a lake or pond in a habitat that may have been intermittently dry, as is also common in extant species of Petalophyllum. The well-preserved thalli and antheridia of these fossils, and their well-documented middle Paleocene age, provide new evidence of liverwort diversification at the dawn of the Cenozoic Era.","PeriodicalId":9092,"journal":{"name":"Botany","volume":"62 5‐6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138503335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trends in groundberry cover under climate change in the southern and central Yukon, 1997 to 2022 1997年至2022年气候变化下育空地区南部和中部地莓覆盖的趋势

IF 1.1 4区生物学

Botany Pub Date : 2023-09-07 DOI: 10.1139/cjb-2023-0068

Charles Cjk Krebs, Rudy Boonstra, A. J. Kenney, Elizabeth J. Hofer, Thomas S. Jung, M. O’Donoghue

{"title":"Trends in groundberry cover under climate change in the southern and central Yukon, 1997 to 2022","authors":"Charles Cjk Krebs, Rudy Boonstra, A. J. Kenney, Elizabeth J. Hofer, Thomas S. Jung, M. O’Donoghue","doi":"10.1139/cjb-2023-0068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2023-0068","url":null,"abstract":"Groundberries are an important component of the flora of the boreal forest and provide seasonally important food for many birds and mammals, as well as local people in northern Canada. Here we ask if there has been a change in the cover of groundberries in the Yukon boreal forest over the last two decades. We monitored five common species at undisturbed forest sites spaced 300 km apart. At our Kluane site we monitored 710 fixed quadrats per year for 26 years (1997–2022), and at Mayo 500 quadrats per year for 18 years (2005–2022). The cover of four species, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (bearberry), Arctostaphylos rubra (red bearberry), Empetrum nigrum (crowberry), and Geocaulon lividum (toadflax), declined annually by 0.2-0.8% at both sites. In contrast, Vaccinium vitis-idaea (lingonberry) increased annually by 0.5 and 0.8%. We tested if increases in summer temperature and rainfall were correlated with the observed changes but found no significant relationships. These boreal plants are changing in abundance, but we have limited data on the extent and speed of these changes. We recommend experiments to understand the cause(s) of these changes in groundberry productivity. Our study is a start in monitoring important berry species in this critical ecosystem of northern Canada.","PeriodicalId":9092,"journal":{"name":"Botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45024456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fruit anatomy and seedlings of the mistletoe Psittacanthus schiedeanus (Loranthaceae) 槲寄生的果实解剖和幼苗

IF 1.1 4区生物学

Botany Pub Date : 2023-09-07 DOI: 10.1139/cjb-2023-0031

J. Ornelas, S. Galicia, A. Vásquez-Aguilar, A. Vovides

引用次数: 0

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