Biology of the neonate最新文献_第10页

Fetal growth velocities in Hong Kong Chinese infants. 香港华人婴儿的胎儿生长速度。

Biology of the neonate Pub Date : 2005-01-01 Epub Date: 2005-02-17 DOI: 10.1159/000084030

T F Fok, K L Hon, H K So, E Wong, P C Ng, A Chang, J Lau, C B Chow, W H Lee

引用次数: 8

Postnatal changes in pulmonary mechanics and energetics of infants with respiratory distress syndrome following surfactant treatment. 表面活性剂治疗后呼吸窘迫综合征婴儿肺力学和能量学的变化。

Biology of the neonate Pub Date : 2005-01-01 Epub Date: 2005-06-01 DOI: 10.1159/000084880

Vinod K Bhutani, Frank W Bowen, Emidio M Sivieri

{"title":"Postnatal changes in pulmonary mechanics and energetics of infants with respiratory distress syndrome following surfactant treatment.","authors":"Vinod K Bhutani, Frank W Bowen, Emidio M Sivieri","doi":"10.1159/000084880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000084880","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Postnatal alterations in pulmonary mechanics, energetics and functional residual capacity (FRC) describe the structural maturation of the preterm respiratory system.Objective: To evaluate longitudinal changes in pulmonary function in infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) treated with oxygen, positive pressure ventilation and synthetic surfactant (Exosurf).Methods: Serial pulmonary function tests were performed in surfactant-treated infants [mean +/- SD birth weight (BW) = 1,112 +/- 276 g, gestational age (GA) = 29 +/- 3 weeks] at postnatal ages: <3 days, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6-8 weeks until term postmenstrual age (PMA). Tidal volume, pulmonary compliance (C(L)), pulmonary resistance (R(T)) and flow-resistive work were analyzed following simultaneous measurements of airflow and transpulmonary pressure signals. Serial FRC measurements were made in a randomly selected group.Results: Prior to 28 weeks' PMA, C(L) was unchanged irrespective of GA. At age 1 week the likelihood ratio (LR) for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) based on C(L), R(T) and GA was predicted to be >90% for those with BW <750 g (LR >100) as compared to <10% probability (LR = 0.3) for infants >1,500 g. Significant linear increase in C(L) to PMA was evident >28 weeks' PMA (r = 0.86, p < 0.01) at 0.17 ml/cm H2O/kg/week. By term PMA, mean C(L) was 2.60 +/- 0.07 ml/cm H2O. Improvements in FRC of preterm infants with RDS who recovered occur at a more rapid rate ( approximately 25 ml/kg) compared to those who developed BPD ( approximately 20 ml/kg).Conclusions: Slow but incremental postnatal pulmonary improvement, minimal <28 weeks' PMA, were comparable for all infants. Along with diminished FRC, these changes reflect persistent deleterious effects of positive pressure ventilation, alveolar hyperoxia and unrecognized pulmonary overdistension.","PeriodicalId":9091,"journal":{"name":"Biology of the neonate","volume":"87 4","pages":"323-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000084880","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25162175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Alterations in antioxidant enzyme activities in cerebrospinal fluid related with severity of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy in newborns. 新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病严重程度与脑脊液中抗氧化酶活性变化相关

Biology of the neonate Pub Date : 2005-01-01 Epub Date: 2005-04-04 DOI: 10.1159/000084905

Hande Gulcan, I Cetin Ozturk, Selda Arslan

{"title":"Alterations in antioxidant enzyme activities in cerebrospinal fluid related with severity of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy in newborns.","authors":"Hande Gulcan, I Cetin Ozturk, Selda Arslan","doi":"10.1159/000084905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000084905","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The antioxidant status of the tissue affected by ischemia-reperfusion is of great importance for the primary endogenous defense against the free-radical-induced injury.Objective: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between the activities of antioxidant enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and catalase (CAT)] in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and severity of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in newborns.Methods: Thirty full-term asphyxiated infants (gestational age >37 weeks) and 11 full-term infants (none of whom showed any signs of asphyxia) were included in this study. Activities of SOD, GPX, and CAT in CSF were measured within the first 72 h of life in infants with HIE and controls.Results: Activity of SOD in CSF was significantly higher in infants with HIE compared with controls (p<0.05). GPX and CAT activities were higher in infants with HIE than they were in controls; however, the differences were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). The activities of GPX and CAT were significantly increased in severe HIE as compared with mild HIE and controls (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Both the duration of the hypoxic-ischemic insult and the severity of HIE modulate elevations of enzymatic activity as an adaptive response to excessive free radical production in CSF in newborn infants with HIE. The activities of antioxidant enzyme alterations in CSF correspond highly to the severity of HIE, and these patterns may be useful for diagnostic and prognostic purposes.","PeriodicalId":9091,"journal":{"name":"Biology of the neonate","volume":"88 2","pages":"87-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000084905","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25039151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21

The molecular basis for abnormal human lung development. 人类肺发育异常的分子基础。

Biology of the neonate Pub Date : 2005-01-01 Epub Date: 2004-12-09 DOI: 10.1159/000082595

Frederick Groenman, Sharon Unger, Martin Post

引用次数: 84

History of surfactant from 1980. 表面活性剂的历史始于1980年。

Biology of the neonate Pub Date : 2005-01-01 Epub Date: 2005-06-01 DOI: 10.1159/000084879

Henry L Halliday

{"title":"History of surfactant from 1980.","authors":"Henry L Halliday","doi":"10.1159/000084879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000084879","url":null,"abstract":"The first successful trial of surfactant treatment for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) was reported in 1980. Since then there have been numerous randomised trials demonstrating first, the efficacy of surfactant treatment in reducing pulmonary air leaks and increasing survival and second, assessing various other aspects of therapy. These studies show that multiple doses may be needed if surfactant is used to treat established RDS but early or prophylactic treatment is superior for infants with gestational ages less than 30 weeks. Natural surfactants (containing proteins) are more effective than synthetic products (protein free), the latter now being infrequently used. Natural surfactants vary and should not be considered to be equivalent in their effects. A porcine surfactant (poractant alfa) acts more rapidly than a bovine preparation (beractant) in infants with moderate to severe RDS. A meta-analysis of 5 comparative studies suggests that a dose of 200 mg/kg of poractant alfa is associated with lower mortality compared with 100 mg/kg of beractant. Chronic lung disease remains a problem but it is hoped that early treatment with surfactant combined with extubation to continuous positive airway pressure will reduce this complication of prematurity. The newer synthetic surfactants, containing analogues of surfactant protein B or C, have undergone some trials for treatment of RDS but comparative studies which have just been published do not show that they are superior to existing natural surfactants. However, as they are more resistant to inactivation they may have a role in treatment of adult or acute RDS. The last 25 years have seen a large increase in basic science research on surfactants with determination of the structure and function of the four surfactant proteins probably being the most important advances. Future studies will focus on widening the indications for surfactant treatment, developing non-invasive means of administration and assessing the role of the newer synthetic surfactants.","PeriodicalId":9091,"journal":{"name":"Biology of the neonate","volume":"87 4","pages":"317-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000084879","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25162174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 89

Can screening for retinopathy of prematurity be reduced? 早产儿视网膜病变的筛查可以减少吗?

Biology of the neonate Pub Date : 2005-01-01 Epub Date: 2005-04-22 DOI: 10.1159/000085295

J U M Termote, A R T Donders, N E Schalij-Delfos, C H Lenselink, C S Derkzen van Angeren, S C J L Lissone, B P Cats

{"title":"Can screening for retinopathy of prematurity be reduced?","authors":"J U M Termote, A R T Donders, N E Schalij-Delfos, C H Lenselink, C S Derkzen van Angeren, S C J L Lissone, B P Cats","doi":"10.1159/000085295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000085295","url":null,"abstract":"Background: As screening for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is costly, time-consuming for the ophthalmologist and discomforting for the neonate, the minimum number of infants should be screened for ROP, without missing infants with severe ROP, at risk for threshold ROP.Objectives: To develop a diagnostic screening guideline for ROP that would safely reduce the number of ROP screening funduscopies in our department.Methods: Data of 275 infants admitted between 1996 and 2000 and screened for ROP according to our Dutch National guideline were studied. Significant risk factors for ROP were calculated, using logistic regression analysis and used to develop a guideline. The discriminative power of the guideline was evaluated using the area under the curve for the receiver operating characteristic curve.Results: Significant risk factors for ROP were: gestational age, birth weight and number of erythrocyte transfusions within the first 4 weeks of life. The combination of these 3 factors resulted in the highest area under the curve: 0.793. Using these 3 factors, a diagnostic screening guideline for ROP was developed: if birth weight + 2 x (gestational age - 20) - 6 x erythrocyte transfusion value within the first 4 weeks of life >or=34, no screening for ROP is necessary. Using this guideline, 22.2% of the infants of the study group could have been excluded from screening; 3.8% of the infants with ROP stages 1-2 would have been missed.Conclusion: In our department, ROP screening can be safely reduced using our diagnostic screening guideline.","PeriodicalId":9091,"journal":{"name":"Biology of the neonate","volume":"88 2","pages":"92-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000085295","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25252085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 20

Cisapride may improve feeding tolerance of preterm infants: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. 西沙必利可能改善早产儿的喂养耐受性:一项随机安慰剂对照试验。

Biology of the neonate Pub Date : 2005-01-01 Epub Date: 2005-08-18 DOI: 10.1159/000087623

Martina Kohl, Iris Wuerdemann, Jessica Clemen, Heiko Iven, Alexander Katalinic, Jens C Moeller

引用次数: 11

Heterotaxy syndrome -- asplenia and polysplenia as indicators of visceral malposition and complex congenital heart disease. 异位综合征——脾和多脾作为内脏错位和复杂先天性心脏病的指标。

Biology of the neonate Pub Date : 2005-01-01 Epub Date: 2005-08-18 DOI: 10.1159/000087625

Ulrike Bartram, Johannes Wirbelauer, Christian P Speer

引用次数: 111

Neonatal chronic lung disease in the post-surfactant era. 后表面活性剂时代的新生儿慢性肺病。

Biology of the neonate Pub Date : 2005-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000087581

Richard D Bland

{"title":"Neonatal chronic lung disease in the post-surfactant era.","authors":"Richard D Bland","doi":"10.1159/000087581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000087581","url":null,"abstract":"This is a brief review of neonatal chronic lung disease, sometimes called the 'new bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)'. The clinical, radiographic and pathological features of this condition have changed considerably in recent years because of major advances in perinatal care, including widespread use of antenatal glucocorticoid therapy, postnatal surfactant replacement and improved respiratory and nutritional support. Authentic animal models, featuring lengthy mechanical ventilation of surfactant-treated, premature neonatal baboons and lambs, have provided important insights on the pathophysiology and treatment of this disease. Lung histopathology after 2-4 weeks of positive-pressure ventilation with oxygen-rich gas results in failed formation of alveoli and lung capillaries, excess disordered elastin accumulation, smooth muscle overgrowth in small pulmonary arteries and airways, chronic inflammation and interstitial edema. Treatment interventions that have been tested in these animal models include nasal application of continuous positive airway pressure, high-frequency mechanical ventilation, inhaled nitric oxide and retinol. The challenge now is to improve understanding of the molecular mechanisms that regulate normal lung growth and development, and to clarify the dysregulation of lung structure and function that occurs with injury and subsequent repair so that effective treatment or prevention strategies can be devised and implemented.","PeriodicalId":9091,"journal":{"name":"Biology of the neonate","volume":"88 3","pages":"181-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000087581","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25626192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 126

Cardiac troponin I should be interpreted with caution in paediatric neonatal patients. Concerning Turker et al.: 'Cord blood cardiac troponin I as an early predictor of short-term outcome in perinatal hypoxia'. 在儿科新生儿患者中，心肌肌钙蛋白I应谨慎解释。关于Turker等人:“脐带血心肌肌钙蛋白I作为围产期缺氧短期预后的早期预测因子”。

Biology of the neonate Pub Date : 2005-01-01 Epub Date: 2004-09-14 DOI: 10.1159/000080890

David C Gaze, Paul O Collinson

{"title":"Cardiac troponin I should be interpreted with caution in paediatric neonatal patients. Concerning Turker et al.: 'Cord blood cardiac troponin I as an early predictor of short-term outcome in perinatal hypoxia'.","authors":"David C Gaze, Paul O Collinson","doi":"10.1159/000080890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000080890","url":null,"abstract":"Accessible online at: www.karger.com/bon There have been recent reports of using cardiac troponin I (cTnI) as a marker in myocardial damage in neonates [1, 2]. These reports have provided controversial data. During development, a foetal isoform of cardiac troponin T (cTnT) is transiently expressed in skeletal muscle [3], but is downregulated in adult skeletal muscle tissue [4]. In foetal cardiac tissue, 5 isoforms of cTnT are expressed; however, no skeletal TnT is expressed [5]. During the development of the foetus, the dominant form of troponin I appears as slow muscle skeletal TnI (sTnI), which is down-regulated with concurrent upregulation of cTnI expression during the first 9 months of life [6]. Therefore, cTnI is not a suitable candidate biomarker of cardiomyocyte damage in the neonatal period [7]. This concept has not been addressed by some authors [1, 2]; however, their data may either challenge this notion or may be attributable to an infiltration of maternal blood carrying cTnI into the placenta during parturition. It has been shown that circulating maternal cTnI is detectable in mothers who suffer myocardial ischaemia during postpartum haemorrhage [8], but levels of maternal cTnI are not affected by either vaginal or caesarean modes of delivery [9].","PeriodicalId":9091,"journal":{"name":"Biology of the neonate","volume":"87 1","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000080890","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24682111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14