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Acute laser-induced maculopathy with secondary exudative neovascular changes. 急性激光诱导黄斑病变伴继发性渗出性新生血管改变。
IF 0.4
BMJ Case Reports Pub Date : 2026-08-24 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2025-271705
Jumana AlRabiah, Aseel AlKandari, Abdullah AlHashmi, Alaa Al-Ali
{"title":"Acute laser-induced maculopathy with secondary exudative neovascular changes.","authors":"Jumana AlRabiah, Aseel AlKandari, Abdullah AlHashmi, Alaa Al-Ali","doi":"10.1136/bcr-2025-271705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2025-271705","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Laser-related retinal injury is an uncommon but potentially sight-threatening cause of acute visual loss. Damage to the retinal pigment epithelium and Bruch's membrane may lead to exudation and, in selected cases, secondary choroidal neovascularisation. Industrial near-infrared diode lasers are particularly hazardous because they are invisible and can penetrate deeply into the retina. We report a welder in his early 40s who developed sudden visual loss after brief unprotected exposure to a 1060 to 1080 nm diode fibre laser. Examination showed a yellowish foveal lesion, macular haemorrhage and optical coherence tomography findings of acute laser maculopathy with presumed secondary exudative changes with possible early neovascular activity. He received one intravitreal bevacizumab injection 1 week after injury. At 2 months, vision improved from 20/80 to 20/20, with resolution of subretinal and intraretinal fluid and restoration of the foveal contour.</p>","PeriodicalId":9080,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Case Reports","volume":"19 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148811828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Idiopathic fibrosing mediastinitis mimicking malignancy: when imaging deceives. 特发性纤维化纵隔炎模拟恶性肿瘤：当影像欺骗。
IF 0.4
BMJ Case Reports Pub Date : 2026-08-24 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2026-274855
Varuna Jethani, Mohan Venkatesh, Yogesh Preet Singh, Kartika Sharma
{"title":"Idiopathic fibrosing mediastinitis mimicking malignancy: when imaging deceives.","authors":"Varuna Jethani, Mohan Venkatesh, Yogesh Preet Singh, Kartika Sharma","doi":"10.1136/bcr-2026-274855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2026-274855","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Woman in her 30s presented with dry cough and shortness of breath since 8 months and swelling of the face and lower limbs since 2 months. Imaging revealed a fluorodeoxyglucose-avid mediastinal mass encasing the superior vena cava and right pulmonary artery, raising a strong suspicion for malignancy. Investigations, including extensive serological testing, bronchoscopy with endobronchial ultrasound lymph node sampling and thoracoscopic biopsy, excluded secondary causes. Histopathology demonstrated dense fibrocollagenous tissue with lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates, confirming idiopathic fibrosing mediastinitis. She showed minimal response to corticosteroids and tamoxifen but exhibited substantial clinical and radiological improvement following rituximab therapy. This highlights the diagnostic complexity of idiopathic fibrosing mediastinitis and supports the emerging role of B-cell-directed immunotherapy in refractory cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":9080,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Case Reports","volume":"19 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148811950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Epimax-related ocular surface toxicity on a background of topical steroid withdrawal syndrome. 外用类固醇戒断综合征背景下的epimmax相关的眼表毒性。
IF 0.4
BMJ Case Reports Pub Date : 2026-08-21 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2026-272266
Stephen Morgan, Ritika Mukhija, Mayank A Nanavaty
{"title":"Epimax-related ocular surface toxicity on a background of topical steroid withdrawal syndrome.","authors":"Stephen Morgan, Ritika Mukhija, Mayank A Nanavaty","doi":"10.1136/bcr-2026-272266","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bcr-2026-272266","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A man in his 20s with a background of severe atopic eczema presented with a 24-hour history of intense pain, redness and blurred vision in his left eye. The day before symptom onset, the patient recalls applying Epimax to above the left eyelid. Examination of the left eye revealed findings consistent with a presentation suggestive of chemical injury, demonstrating a total corneal epithelial defect with associated stromal haze. The patient initially declined topical corticosteroid therapy due to prior complications with steroid-induced dermatitis that had necessitated prolonged hospitalisation. After treatment with intensive lubricant, antibiotic and dexamethasone drops, the patient made a good clinical recovery over 1 week. A modified, time-limited course of steroid drops was prescribed and the patient experienced no recurrence of steroid dermatitis. Healthcare professionals should counsel patients on the risks of periocular application of Epimax and maintain awareness of its potential to cause ocular surface toxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":9080,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Case Reports","volume":"19 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148788115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Acute abdomen in pregnancy revealing sigmoid colon carcinoma at caesarean section. 妊娠急腹症剖宫产时发现乙状结肠癌。
IF 0.4
BMJ Case Reports Pub Date : 2026-08-21 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2026-274015
Sutanka Sujaini, Akhila Vasudeva, Roopa Padavagodu Shivananda, S S Prasad
{"title":"Acute abdomen in pregnancy revealing sigmoid colon carcinoma at caesarean section.","authors":"Sutanka Sujaini, Akhila Vasudeva, Roopa Padavagodu Shivananda, S S Prasad","doi":"10.1136/bcr-2026-274015","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bcr-2026-274015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A primigravida at 32 weeks 6 days of gestation presented with abdominal pain and features of acute abdomen with suspected peritonitis of unclear aetiology. An emergency lower-segment caesarean section was performed resulting in delivery of a preterm neonate requiring neonatal intensive care. Intraoperatively, dense adhesions and a sealed perforation involving the sigmoid colon were identified, necessitating diversion colostomy and lymph node excision. Histopathology confirmed colorectal adenocarcinoma, and imaging revealed hepatic metastases. The patient was managed with a multidisciplinary approach and initiated on systemic chemotherapy with favourable maternal and neonatal outcomes. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges of acute abdomen during pregnancy and emphasises that both obstetric and non-obstetric causes, including rare conditions such as colorectal carcinoma, should be considered when the diagnosis remains uncertain. Careful intraoperative assessment may reveal unexpected pathology requiring multidisciplinary management.</p>","PeriodicalId":9080,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Case Reports","volume":"19 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148787779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Postpartum immune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura masquerading as haemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelets syndrome: overcoming a diagnostic dilemma. 产后免疫性血栓性血小板减少性紫癜伪装成溶血，肝酶升高和低血小板综合征：克服诊断困境。
IF 0.4
BMJ Case Reports Pub Date : 2026-08-21 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2026-273172
Manisha Kumari, Rajeshwari Bhat, Krupa Shah, Priyanka Bhattacharya
{"title":"Postpartum immune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura masquerading as haemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelets syndrome: overcoming a diagnostic dilemma.","authors":"Manisha Kumari, Rajeshwari Bhat, Krupa Shah, Priyanka Bhattacharya","doi":"10.1136/bcr-2026-273172","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bcr-2026-273172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pregnancy-associated thrombotic microangiopathy poses a significant diagnostic challenge because of the overlap between hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count syndrome (HELLP syndrome) and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). We report a case of postpartum immune TTP in a 30-week gravida 3 para 1 woman with pre-existing type 2 diabetes mellitus who initially presented with features consistent with HELLP syndrome and imminent eclampsia. Despite emergency delivery, she developed persistent severe thrombocytopenia and microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia. Further evaluation revealed severe <i><b>a d</b>isintegrin <b>a</b>nd <b>m</b>etalloproteinase with a <b>t</b>hrombo<b>s</b>pondin type 1 motif, member <b>13</b></i> deficiency with inhibitor positivity, confirming immune TTP. Prompt initiation of plasma exchange and corticosteroid therapy resulted in haematological recovery. This case highlights the importance of reconsidering the diagnosis when laboratory abnormalities fail to improve after delivery.</p>","PeriodicalId":9080,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Case Reports","volume":"19 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148788042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Archegonous cystic odontoma: expanding the spectrum of hybrid odontogenic lesions. 源性囊性牙瘤：扩大了混合型牙源性病变的范围。
IF 0.4
BMJ Case Reports Pub Date : 2026-08-21 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2026-273021
Gayatri Kulkarni, Somakshi Pise, Archit Dhawan, Ankita Chugh, Gheena S
{"title":"Archegonous cystic odontoma: expanding the spectrum of hybrid odontogenic lesions.","authors":"Gayatri Kulkarni, Somakshi Pise, Archit Dhawan, Ankita Chugh, Gheena S","doi":"10.1136/bcr-2026-273021","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bcr-2026-273021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A late adolescent female presented with a progressively enlarging swelling of the right posterior mandible over 5 months. Contrast-enhanced CT demonstrated a well-defined, expansile cystic lesion measuring 3.9×3.2×6.2 cm, with internal calcifications, significant cortical thinning and an associated impacted lower third molar. Given the circumscribed radiographic margins and clinically benign behaviour, complete surgical enucleation under general anaesthesia was undertaken. Histopathological examination revealed a cystic cavity lined by odontogenic epithelium with ameloblast-like basal cells, polarity reversal, stellate reticulum-like zones, ghost cells and foci of mineralised dental tissue consistent with a diagnosis of archegonous cystic odontoma. Postoperative recovery was unremarkable and follow-up at 18 months confirmed complete bony remodelling with no clinical or radiographic evidence of recurrence. This case highlights a diagnostically challenging odontogenic lesion whose nosological position within the broader primordial odontogenic spectrum continues to generate debate and reinforces the need to correlate clinical, radiographic and histopathological data before reaching a definitive diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9080,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Case Reports","volume":"19 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148787752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Paediatric tracheal carcinoid with carinal involvement and nodal metastasis: challenging airway reconstruction with oncological clearance. 小儿气管类癌伴隆突受累及淋巴结转移：具有肿瘤清除的气道重建挑战。
IF 0.4
BMJ Case Reports Pub Date : 2026-08-21 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2025-267415
Rohan Kapoor, Sunil Kumar, Naveen Kumar, Nikhil B N
{"title":"Paediatric tracheal carcinoid with carinal involvement and nodal metastasis: challenging airway reconstruction with oncological clearance.","authors":"Rohan Kapoor, Sunil Kumar, Naveen Kumar, Nikhil B N","doi":"10.1136/bcr-2025-267415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2025-267415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tracheal carcinoid tumours are exceptionally rare neuroendocrine neoplasms, particularly in the paediatric population. We present the case of a teenage girl with longstanding dyspnoea and intermittent haemoptysis, ultimately diagnosed with a typical carcinoid involving the distal trachea and both main bronchi. Bronchoscopy biopsy confirmed the diagnosis. She underwent tracheal resection and complex carinal reconstruction with cardiopulmonary bypass. Histopathology revealed a grade 1 typical carcinoid with metastatic involvement in two of five subcarinal lymph nodes. Postoperative recovery was smooth, and she remains disease-free on follow-up. This case underscores the need to consider rare airway tumours in persistent respiratory symptoms, the potential for nodal spread in otherwise low-grade lesions and the curative potential of meticulous surgical intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":9080,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Case Reports","volume":"19 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148788120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Unusual dual malignancy: basaloid squamous cell carcinoma arising from inverted papilloma with contralateral temporal bone carcinoma. 不寻常的双重恶性肿瘤：基底样鳞状细胞癌起源于内翻性乳头状瘤并伴对侧颞骨癌。
IF 0.4
BMJ Case Reports Pub Date : 2026-08-21 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2025-269697
Reshma Eugine, Abhishek Bhardwaj, Nilotpal Chowdhury, Ankita Semwal
{"title":"Unusual dual malignancy: basaloid squamous cell carcinoma arising from inverted papilloma with contralateral temporal bone carcinoma.","authors":"Reshma Eugine, Abhishek Bhardwaj, Nilotpal Chowdhury, Ankita Semwal","doi":"10.1136/bcr-2025-269697","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bcr-2025-269697","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A rare case of dual malignancy involving sinonasal basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) and contralateral temporal bone carcinoma is presented in a female patient in her early 50s. With a prior history of sinonasal inverted papilloma excision 3 and 5 years earlier, she presented with nasal obstruction, forehead swelling and left ear symptoms. Imaging revealed aggressive sinonasal and temporal bone masses with intracranial and orbital involvement. The patient underwent surgical resection of the sinonasal tumour and biopsy of the temporal bone lesion. Histopathology confirmed BSCC (basaloid squamous cell carcinoma) in the sinonasal mass and non-keratinising squamous cell carcinoma in the temporal bone. Despite planned adjuvant chemoradiotherapy, rapid recurrence occurred, leading to death within 3 months. This case highlights the aggressive nature of BSCC, the possibility of malignant transformation from inverted papilloma, and the importance of thorough histopathological evaluation and multidisciplinary management in complex sinonasal malignancies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9080,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Case Reports","volume":"19 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148788082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Selective retinal arterial whitening in retinal astrocytic hamartoma in tuberous sclerosis. 结节性硬化症视网膜星形细胞错构瘤的选择性视网膜动脉白化。
IF 0.4
BMJ Case Reports Pub Date : 2026-08-21 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2026-274414
Akshita Aggarwal, Rajeev Reddy Pappuru, Srinivas Sadda, Raja Narayanan, Swathi Kaliki, Vishal Ramesh Raval, Mudit Tyagi
{"title":"Selective retinal arterial whitening in retinal astrocytic hamartoma in tuberous sclerosis.","authors":"Akshita Aggarwal, Rajeev Reddy Pappuru, Srinivas Sadda, Raja Narayanan, Swathi Kaliki, Vishal Ramesh Raval, Mudit Tyagi","doi":"10.1136/bcr-2026-274414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2026-274414","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This case report aims to describe and understand the mechanism behind the selective retinal arterial whitening in a case of retinal astrocytic hamartoma (RAH) associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). Multimodal imaging of a late-adolescent female with TSC-associated RAH demonstrated unique vascular features including selective whitening of the retinal arteries with sparing of the retinal veins. Genetic testing confirmed a TSC2 (tuberin) gene mutation, known to affect the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathway. To understand the mechanism behind selective arterial involvement, a literature review was conducted on vascular alterations in other TSC-affected organs (skin and kidneys). Histopathological analyses suggest that defects in the mTOR signalling pathway affect smooth muscle cells. Unlike retinal veins and smaller retinal arterioles, larger retinal arteries possess smooth muscle cells, making them more susceptible to similar pathological changes. Selective whitening of retinal arteries in TSC-associated RAH likely results from vascular remodelling influenced by mTOR mutations, leading to alterations in smooth muscle cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":9080,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Case Reports","volume":"19 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148788035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Appendicovesical fistula in a child with acute myeloid leukaemia. 急性髓性白血病患儿阑尾膀胱瘘1例。
IF 0.4
BMJ Case Reports Pub Date : 2026-08-21 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2025-266420
Nitin Pai, Sajid S Qureshi, Geofia Shaina Crasta, Badira Cheriyalinkal Parambil
{"title":"Appendicovesical fistula in a child with acute myeloid leukaemia.","authors":"Nitin Pai, Sajid S Qureshi, Geofia Shaina Crasta, Badira Cheriyalinkal Parambil","doi":"10.1136/bcr-2025-266420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2025-266420","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A paediatric patient was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), with biallelic mutations in the transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα). During her treatment, she developed recurrent episodes of febrile neutropenia with neutropenic colitis, leading to the development of an appendicovesical fistula (AVF) with drainage of feculent urine. She underwent laparotomy, division of the fistula with a wide margin of the bladder with repair, with appendicectomy which essentially cured the condition. This case report illustrated the unusual occurrence of AVF in a paediatric patient with AML and management essentially with an appendicectomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9080,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Case Reports","volume":"19 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148787736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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