BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Do infographics ‘spin’ the findings of health and medical research?","authors":"Ryan Muller, Giovanni Ferreira, Geronimo Bejarano, Andrew R Gamble, James Kirk, James Sindone, Joshua R Zadro","doi":"10.1136/bmjebm-2024-113033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjebm-2024-113033","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To compare the prevalence of ‘spin’, and specific reporting strategies for spin, between infographics, abstracts and full texts of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) reporting non-significant findings in the field of health and medicine and to assess factors associated with the presence of spin. Design Cross-sectional observational study. Data source Publications in top quintile health and medical journals from August 2018 to October 2020 (Journal Citation Reports database). Eligibility criteria Infographics, abstracts and full texts of RCTs with non-significant results for a primary outcome. Main outcome(s) and measure(s) Presence of spin (any spin and spin in the results and conclusions of infographics, abstracts and full texts). Exposure(s) Conflicts of interest, industry sponsorship, trial registration, journal impact factor, spin in the abstract, spin in the full text. Results 119 studies from 40 journals were included. One-third (33%) of infographics contained spin. Infographics were not more likely to contain any spin than abstracts (33% vs 26%, OR 1.4; 95% CI 0.8 to 2.4) or full texts (33% vs 26%, OR 1.4; 95% CI 0.8 to 2.4). Higher journal impact factor was associated with slightly lower odds of spin in infographics and full texts, but not abstracts. Infographics, but not abstracts or full texts, were less likely to contain spin if the trial was prospectively registered. No other significant associations were found. Conclusions Nearly one-third of infographics spin the findings of RCTs with non-significant results for a primary outcome, but the prevalence of spin is not higher than in abstracts and full texts. Given the increasing popularity of infographics to disseminate research findings, there is an urgent need to improve the reporting of research in infographics. Data are available on reasonable request. Original data may be made available by the authors on reasonable request.","PeriodicalId":9059,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How to best convey continuous outcomes in patient decision aids","authors":"Glyn Elwyn, Marie Anne Durand, Thomas Agoritsas, Martin Mayer","doi":"10.1136/bmjebm-2024-112871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjebm-2024-112871","url":null,"abstract":"The work of transforming scientific publications into tools that can support people in comparing treatments, tests and other interventions has been driven by efforts to support shared decision-making. The International Patient Decision Aids Standards (IPDAS) Collaboration has published many articles that guide this process. IPDAS, and others in this field, have considered the challenges of representing complex concepts such as effect sizes, ORs and relative risk rates in terms and formats that are easier to understand by people with varying levels of health literacy and numeracy. The underlying task is how to simplify research results without misleading people, which is essential when communicating healthcare information. Selecting outcome probabilities and comparing data collected from different populations with various study designs would be misleading. Further, only providing relative instead of absolute risk estimates would lead to misinterpretation in most situations, framing that affects both professionals and patients.1 For example, imagine a person with a 4% 10-year risk of breast cancer recurrence: telling that person their risk of breast cancer coming back could be cut in half, or reduced by 50%, using treatment Y (relative risk) is misleading. The more informative approach would be telling them their risk could be reduced from 4% to 2% (absolute risk), a risk that is perhaps even clearer if portrayed in natural frequency (n in 100). This article tackles the challenge of untangling complicated, heterogeneous evidence to deliver comparative information to non-scientists while at the same time avoiding misrepresenting the underlying data. Our focus here is to describe some of the editorial challenges of presenting complex scientific information, particularly when published as continuous outcomes in ways that are accurate yet accessible to a broad public, irrespective of their health literacy and numeracy levels. Those editorial challenges have materialised when developing tools to promote shared decision-making. The …","PeriodicalId":9059,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a competency framework for health technology assessment in India.","authors":"Simon Dixon, Kirti Tyagi, Malkeet Singh, Sitanshu Sekhar Kar, Bhavani Shankara Bagepally, Shankar Prinja, Andrew Booth, Chris Carroll, Aamir Sohail, Abha Mehndiratta","doi":"10.1136/bmjebm-2023-112488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjebm-2023-112488","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9059,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142139263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing proposals to update established screening strategies.","authors":"Alison Huffstetler, Kenneth W Lin, Russell P Harris","doi":"10.1136/bmjebm-2024-113025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjebm-2024-113025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9059,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142124772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meta-analysis of continuous outcomes: a user's guide for analysis and interpretation.","authors":"Madelin R Siedler, Reem A Mustafa, Lifeng Lin, Rebecca L Morgan, Yngve Falck-Ytter, Philipp Dahm, Shahnaz Sultan, Mohammad Hassan Murad","doi":"10.1136/bmjebm-2024-113031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjebm-2024-113031","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9059,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142104128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Making sustainable healthcare decisions: three turns towards sustainable guidelines.","authors":"Sietse Wieringa, Hugh McGuire, Qi Wang, Philip van der Wees, Beth Shaw","doi":"10.1136/bmjebm-2023-112352","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjebm-2023-112352","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9059,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"219-222"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11287642/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41190867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reducing low value care: opportunities and challenges for Choosing Wisely campaigns.","authors":"Jeremy M Grimshaw, Wendy Levinson","doi":"10.1136/bmjebm-2023-112271","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjebm-2023-112271","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9059,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"215-218"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10069948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Open access journal publication in health and medical research and open science: benefits, challenges and limitations.","authors":"Patricia Logullo, Jennifer A de Beyer, Shona Kirtley, Michael Maia Schlüssel, Gary S Collins","doi":"10.1136/bmjebm-2022-112126","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjebm-2022-112126","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9059,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"223-228"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11287529/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41124018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Teaching to address overdiagnosis.","authors":"Natalie Edmiston, Iman Hegazi","doi":"10.1136/bmjebm-2023-112576","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjebm-2023-112576","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9059,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"275-278"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11287559/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140130642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to the Guideline for Reporting Evidence-based practice Educational interventions and Teaching (GREET) of studies on evidence-based healthcare e-learning: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Małgorzata M Bała, Tina Poklepović Peričić, Marija Franka Žuljević, Nensi Bralić, Joanna Zając, Nkengafac Villyen Motaze, Anke Rohwer, Michalina Gajdzica, Taryn Young","doi":"10.1136/bmjebm-2023-112647","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjebm-2023-112647","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objectives of this study are to assess reporting of evidence-based healthcare (EBHC) e-learning interventions using the Guideline for Reporting Evidence-based practice Educational interventions and Teaching (GREET) checklist and explore factors associated with compliant reporting.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Methodological cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Based on the criteria used in an earlier systematic review, we included studies comparing EBHC e-learning and any other form of EBHC training or no EBHC training. We searched Medline, Embase, ERIC, CINAHL, CENTRAL, SCOPUS, Web of Knowledge, PsycInfo, ProQuest and Best Evidence Medical Education up to 4 January 2023. Screening of titles, abstracts, full-text articles and data extraction was done independently by two authors. For each study, we assessed adherence to each of the 17 GREET items and extracted information on possible predictors. Adequacy of reporting for each item of the GREET checklist was judged with yes (provided complete information), no (provided no information), unclear (when insufficient information was provided), or not applicable, when the item was clearly of no relevance to the intervention described (such as for item 8-details about the instructors-in the studies which used electronic, self-paced intervention, without any tutoring). Studies' adherence to the GREET checklist was presented as percentages and absolute numbers. We performed univariate analysis to assess the association of potential adherence predictors with the GREET checklist. We summarised results descriptively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 40 studies, the majority of which assessed e-learning or blended learning and mostly involved medical and other healthcare students. None of the studies fully reported all the GREET items. Overall, the median number of GREET items met (received yes) per study was 8 and third quartile (Q3) of GREET items met per study was 9 (min. 4 max. 14). When we used Q3 of the number of items met as cut-off point, adherence to the GREET reporting checklist was poor with 7 out of 40 studies (17.5%) reporting items of the checklist on acceptable level (adhered to at least 10 items out of 17). None of the studies reported on all 17 GREET items. For 3 items, 80% of included studies well reported information (received yes for these items): item 1 (brief description of intervention), item 4 (evidence-based practice content) and item 6 (educational strategies). Items for which 50% of included studies reported complete information (received yes for these items) included: item 9 (modes of delivery), item 11 (schedule) and 12 (time spent on learning). The items for which 70% or more of included studies did not provide information (received no for these items) included: item 7 (incentives) and item 13 (adaptations; for both items 70% of studies received no for them), item 14 (modifications of educational interventions-95% ","PeriodicalId":9059,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"229-238"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141305388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}