Healthcare infection最新文献_第3页

Roles, responsibilities and scope of practice: describing the ‘state of play’ for infection control professionals in Australia and New Zealand 角色、责任和实践范围:描述澳大利亚和新西兰感染控制专业人员的“发挥作用的状态”

Healthcare infection Pub Date : 2015-03-01 Epub Date: 2016-03-17 DOI: 10.1071/HI14037

Lisa Hall BTech, BiomedSci (Hons), PhD , Kate Halton BA, MSc, PhD , Deborough Macbeth RN, BNurs, MA App Ethics, PhD , Anne Gardner RN, PhD , Brett Mitchell RN, BN, MAdvPrac, PhD

{"title":"Roles, responsibilities and scope of practice: describing the ‘state of play’ for infection control professionals in Australia and New Zealand","authors":"Lisa Hall BTech, BiomedSci (Hons), PhD , Kate Halton BA, MSc, PhD , Deborough Macbeth RN, BNurs, MA App Ethics, PhD , Anne Gardner RN, PhD , Brett Mitchell RN, BN, MAdvPrac, PhD","doi":"10.1071/HI14037","DOIUrl":"10.1071/HI14037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>In the past decade the policy and practice context for infection control in Australia and New Zealand has changed, with infection control professionals (ICPs) now involved in the implementation of a large number of national strategies. Little is known about the current ICP workforce and what they do in their day-to-day positions. The aim of this study was to describe the ICP workforce in Australia and New Zealand with a focus on roles, responsibilities, and scope of practice.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A cross-sectional design using snowball recruitment was employed. ICPs completed an anonymous web-based survey with questions on demographics; qualifications held; level of experience; workplace characteristics; and roles and responsibilities. Chi-squared tests were used to determine if any factors were associated with how often activities were undertaken.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 300 ICPs from all Australian states and territories and New Zealand participated. Most ICPs were female (94%); 53% were aged over 50, and 93% were employed in registered nursing roles. Scope of practice was diverse: all ICPs indicated they undertook a large number and variety of activities as part of their roles. Some activities were undertaken on a less frequent basis by sole practitioners and ICPs in small teams.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This survey provides useful information on the current education, experience levels and scope of practice of ICPs in Australia and New Zealand. Work is now required to establish the best mechanisms to support and potentially streamline scope of practice, so that infection-control practice is optimised.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":90514,"journal":{"name":"Healthcare infection","volume":"20 1","pages":"Pages 29-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/HI14037","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59238641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 27

Peer reviewers 2014 同行评审2014

Healthcare infection Pub Date : 2015-03-01 Epub Date: 2016-03-17 DOI: 10.1071/HIrefs2014

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence assay to confirm surface disinfection of biological indicators with vaporised hydrogen peroxide (VHP) 三磷酸腺苷(ATP)生物发光法在汽化过氧化氢(VHP)表面消毒中的应用评价

Healthcare infection Pub Date : 2015-03-01 Epub Date: 2016-03-17 DOI: 10.1071/HI14022

Erica M. Colbert BS, MPH , Shawn G. Gibbs MBA, PhD, CIH , Kendra K. Schmid BS, MS, PhD , Robin High BS, MA , John J. Lowe BS, MS, PhD , Oleg Chaika MS, PhD , Philip W. Smith BS, MD

{"title":"Evaluation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence assay to confirm surface disinfection of biological indicators with vaporised hydrogen peroxide (VHP)","authors":"Erica M. Colbert BS, MPH , Shawn G. Gibbs MBA, PhD, CIH , Kendra K. Schmid BS, MS, PhD , Robin High BS, MA , John J. Lowe BS, MS, PhD , Oleg Chaika MS, PhD , Philip W. Smith BS, MD","doi":"10.1071/HI14022","DOIUrl":"10.1071/HI14022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Decontamination of hospital isolation rooms can be conducted using vaporised hydrogen peroxide (VHP). A more rapid biological indicator, such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence, could allow rooms to be reoccupied sooner and reduce down time.</p></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><p>This study examined the ATP bioluminescence assay as a way to evaluate biological indicators to confirm decontamination following the use of VHP.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Response to VHP exposure was evaluated using microbial inactivation by standard culture methods and by the ATP bioluminescence assay. Range finding determined the approximate exposure time necessary to achieve partial and complete inactivation of the organisms. Two-hundred-and-fifty parts per million of VHP was delivered to the chamber during the exposure cycle. Fifty cm<sup>2</sup> stainless steel coupons were inoculated with 50 mL of organism suspensions containing >10<sup>9</sup> colony forming units (CFU) of the following: <em>Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae</em>, and methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>. The standard manufactured biological indicator stainless steel discs containing concentrations of 10<sup>4</sup>, 10<sup>5</sup> and 10<sup>6</sup> CFU/surface of <em>Geobacillus stearothermophilus</em> spores were also evaluated.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>Multiple log-reductions were shown utilising standard culture methods for each organism, but the ATP bioluminescence assay did not show a corresponding log-reduction.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The ATP bioluminescence assay was not considered an effective alternate to standard culture-based methodologies for the confirmation of VHP decontamination.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":90514,"journal":{"name":"Healthcare infection","volume":"20 1","pages":"Pages 16-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/HI14022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59238216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Knowledge, attitudes and perceptions regarding antibiotic use and self-medication: a cross-sectional study among Australian Chinese migrants 关于抗生素使用和自我用药的知识、态度和观念:澳大利亚华人移民的横断面研究

Healthcare infection Pub Date : 2015-03-01 Epub Date: 2016-03-17 DOI: 10.1071/HI14034

Jie Hu PhD Student, Postgraduate Diploma, BMed , Zhiqiang Wang PhD, MSc, BMed

{"title":"Knowledge, attitudes and perceptions regarding antibiotic use and self-medication: a cross-sectional study among Australian Chinese migrants","authors":"Jie Hu PhD Student, Postgraduate Diploma, BMed , Zhiqiang Wang PhD, MSc, BMed","doi":"10.1071/HI14034","DOIUrl":"10.1071/HI14034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Self-medication of antibiotics can promote antibiotic resistance. This study aimed to investigate the practice of self-medication with antibiotics to treat URTIs in Australian Chinese migrants and to understand whether their knowledge of antibiotics, attitudes to and perceptions of antibiotic use was associated with self-medication of antibiotics.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Four hundred and seventeen participants were recruited in an online health survey involving a bilingual questionnaire through several Australian-based Chinese social websites. Multiple logistic regressions were performed to explore the associations between self-medication and antibiotic-related knowledge, attitudes, and perception factors.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Around 24.2% of Chinese migrants used antibiotics without medical consultation for URTIs. Almost 70% of Chinese migrants indicated that they would stop taking antibiotics when symptoms improved; around 61% would use leftover antibiotics if they had similar symptoms. Furthermore, participants who would use leftover antibiotics (OR: 3.1, 95% CI: 1.7–5.6), or who would take an incomplete course of antibiotics (OR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.0–3.1) were more likely to report self-medication with antibiotics. Participants who perceived it was appropriate to use antibiotics for fever, cough and sore throat were at a greater risk of self-medication with antibiotics for URTIs.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>A considerable number of Chinese migrants used antibiotics for URTIs without medical consultation in Australia. Misperceptions about antibiotic use were significantly associated with the practice of selfmedicating in this group. The findings provided important information for developing culturally responsive interventions for the correct use of antibiotics in Australian Chinese communities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":90514,"journal":{"name":"Healthcare infection","volume":"20 1","pages":"Pages 23-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/HI14034","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59238494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Infection prevention and antimicrobial stewardship: important in all settings 感染预防和抗菌药物管理:在所有环境中都很重要

Healthcare infection Pub Date : 2015-03-01 Epub Date: 2016-03-17 DOI: 10.1071/HI15001

N. Deborah Friedman MBBS, FRACP, MD, MPH

引用次数: 2

What have you heard about tattooing in prison? The clandestine role of hearing aids in the risk of bloodborne virus transmission 你听说过监狱里的纹身吗?助听器在血源性病毒传播风险中的秘密作用

Healthcare infection Pub Date : 2015-03-01 Epub Date: 2016-03-17 DOI: 10.1071/HI14032

Huan Jian Sia BMed , Michael Levy MB, BS (Hons), MPH, FAFPHM

引用次数: 2

A nurse-led antimicrobial stewardship intervention in two residential aged care facilities 护士领导的抗菌药物管理干预在两个住宅老年护理设施

Healthcare infection Pub Date : 2015-03-01 Epub Date: 2016-03-17 DOI: 10.1071/HI14016

Rhonda L. Stuart MBBS, FRACP, PhD , Elizabeth Orr BN, CICP , Despina Kotsanas BSc(Hons), MClin Epi , Elizabeth E. Gillespie BN MPubHlth

引用次数: 18

Assessment of current antimicrobial stewardship policies and resources: a focus group project 评估当前抗菌素管理政策和资源:焦点小组项目

Healthcare infection Pub Date : 2015-03-01 Epub Date: 2016-03-17 DOI: 10.1071/HI14025

Darren K. Pasay BSc Pharm , Sheldon J.S. Chow BSc Pharm , Lauren C. Bresee BSc Pharm, MSc, PhD, ACPR , Micheal Guirguis BSc Pharm, PhD , Jeremy Slobodan BSP

{"title":"Assessment of current antimicrobial stewardship policies and resources: a focus group project","authors":"Darren K. Pasay BSc Pharm , Sheldon J.S. Chow BSc Pharm , Lauren C. Bresee BSc Pharm, MSc, PhD, ACPR , Micheal Guirguis BSc Pharm, PhD , Jeremy Slobodan BSP","doi":"10.1071/HI14025","DOIUrl":"10.1071/HI14025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Antimicrobial stewardship (AS) within acute care facilities is a requirement for Accreditation Canada's Required Organisational Practices. In order to obtain a baseline evaluation of current AS processes, a focus group approach was used to qualitatively assess frontline pharmacy staff and leadership perspectives on AS resources.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A semi-structured interview process was applied to focus groups comprised of Pharmacy Services employees throughout Alberta Health Services in Alberta, Canada. A thematic analysis of transcripts was done independently by two investigators, and consensus was reached on identified themes and topics. Codes were recorded for prevalence and total number of mentions. A combination of conventional and deductive approaches was used to identify themes.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 200 (10%) pharmacy services staff members participated in the focus groups. Eight main themes were identified: antimicrobial resources, influences on antimicrobial utilisation, barriers to antimicrobial stewardship, establishing AS teams, education needs, improving communications, antimicrobial utilisation concerns, and enablers for improvement. Two hundred and six topics were identified to support the themes, with 1924 data points. Prominent topics included ubiquitous awareness of a provincial antimicrobial stewardship reference, prescriber preferences influencing antimicrobial utilisation, and desire to improve interprofessional teamwork, communication and educational opportunities.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>A broad description of the culture of antimicrobial use showed that the themes are interrelated. To successfully change practice, one must take into account the complexity of the relationship between these perceptions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":90514,"journal":{"name":"Healthcare infection","volume":"20 1","pages":"Pages 7-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/HI14025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59238405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Changes in healthcare-associated infections after the introduction of a national hand hygiene initiative 引入国家手部卫生倡议后卫生保健相关感染的变化

Healthcare infection Pub Date : 2014-12-01 Epub Date: 2016-03-17 DOI: 10.1071/HI14033

Adrian G. Barnett BSc, PhD , Katie Page BA (Hons-I), PhD , Megan Campbell BApSc , David Brain BSocSc, MPH , Elizabeth Martin BAppSci (Food Science and Nutrition), MHlthEcon , Shirley Winters MLitt , Lisa Hall BTech(BiomedSci)(Hons), PhD , David Paterson MBBS, FRACP, PhD , Nicholas Graves BA (Econ) Hons, MA, PhD

{"title":"Changes in healthcare-associated infections after the introduction of a national hand hygiene initiative","authors":"Adrian G. Barnett BSc, PhD , Katie Page BA (Hons-I), PhD , Megan Campbell BApSc , David Brain BSocSc, MPH , Elizabeth Martin BAppSci (Food Science and Nutrition), MHlthEcon , Shirley Winters MLitt , Lisa Hall BTech(BiomedSci)(Hons), PhD , David Paterson MBBS, FRACP, PhD , Nicholas Graves BA (Econ) Hons, MA, PhD","doi":"10.1071/HI14033","DOIUrl":"10.1071/HI14033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Interventions that prevent healthcare-associated infections should lead to fewer deaths and shorter hospital stays. Cleaning hands with soap and water or alcohol rub is an effectiveway to prevent the transmission of organisms, but compliance is sometimes low. The National Hand Hygiene Initiative in Australia aimed to improve hand hygiene compliance among healthcare workers, with the goal of reducing rates of healthcare-associated infections.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We examined if the introduction of the National Hand Hygiene Initiative was associated with a change in infection rates. Monthly infection rates for six types of healthcare-associated infections were examined in 38 Australian hospitals across six states. Infection categories were: bloodstream infections, centralline associated bloodstream infections, methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> bacteraemia and surgical site infections.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The National Hand Hygiene Initiative was associated with a statistically significant reduction in infection rates in 11 out of 23 state and infection combinations studied. There was no change in infection rates for nine combinations, and there was an increase in three infection rates in South Australia.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The intervention was associated with reduced infection rates in many cases. The lack of improvement in nine cases may have been because they already had effective initiatives before the national initiative's introduction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":90514,"journal":{"name":"Healthcare infection","volume":"19 4","pages":"Pages 128-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/HI14033","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59238389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Prior room occupancy increases risk of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus acquisition 先前的房间占用增加了耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌感染的风险

Healthcare infection Pub Date : 2014-12-01 Epub Date: 2016-03-17 DOI: 10.1071/HI14023

Brett G. Mitchell PhD, M.Adv.Prac., BN, DTN , Wilhelmine Digney BN , John K. Ferguson MBBS, DTM&H, FRACP (Infectious Diseases), FRCPA (Microbiology)

{"title":"Prior room occupancy increases risk of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus acquisition","authors":"Brett G. Mitchell PhD, M.Adv.Prac., BN, DTN , Wilhelmine Digney BN , John K. Ferguson MBBS, DTM&H, FRACP (Infectious Diseases), FRCPA (Microbiology)","doi":"10.1071/HI14023","DOIUrl":"10.1071/HI14023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>In Australia, little is known about the risk of acquiring methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (MRSA) from prior room occupants. The aims of the study are to understand the risk of MRSA acquisition from prior room occupants and to further extend the existing knowledge-base on the role of discharge cleaning in hospitals.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A non-concurrent cohort study was undertaken in five wards at a 250-bed general hospital in Tasmania, Australia. All admitted patients were screened for MRSA. Weekly screenings for all patients who remained in hospital were undertaken. New MRSA acquisitions were identified. The exposed group were patients whose immediate prior room occupant had MRSA, while the unexposed prior room occupant did not have MRSA.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>6228 patients were at risk of acquiring MRSA, with 237 new MRSA acquisitions equating to an acquisition rate of 3.8% for each at-risk patient admission. The unadjusted odds ratio for acquiring MRSA when the prior room occupant had MRSA was 2.9 (95% CI 2.2–3.9). Using logistic regression, exposure to a prior occupant harbouring MRSA remained a significant predictor of subsequent acquisition, after controlling for variables, OR 2.7 (95% CI 2.0–3.6).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Admission to a room previously occupied by a person with MRSA increased the odds of acquisition forthe subsequentpatient, independent of other risk factors. It demonstrates the necessity of having effective discharge cleaning practices in place. We believe increased attention to discharge room cleaning in hospitals is required and the reconsideration of additional recommendations for discharge cleaning.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":90514,"journal":{"name":"Healthcare infection","volume":"19 4","pages":"Pages 135-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/HI14023","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59238294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11