Bone Reports最新文献

{"title":"Utility of ultrasound imaging in monitoring fracture healing in rat femur: Comparison with other imaging modalities","authors":"Satoshi Inoue ,&nbsp;Michinori Mori ,&nbsp;Masaya Yasui ,&nbsp;Miwako Matsuki-Fukushima ,&nbsp;Kentaro Yoshimura ,&nbsp;Naoko Nonaka","doi":"10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101807","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101807","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Fractures are common injuries and various imaging modalities are employed to diagnose and monitor bone union. However, the follow-up of fracture healing using ultrasound imaging (US) remains a topic of debate. In this study, we analyzed of fracture healing process and compared US and radiological analyses with histological analyses to clarify the characteristics and limitations of each modality.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An osteotomy model was created using the femur of Wistar rats, and US, radiological (radiography and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT)), and histological analyses were performed. Radiological assessments were conducted for the evaluation of calcified tissue. The gap between the bony callus and cartilaginous callus was measured.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>US effectively captured changes on the fracture surface, potentially reflecting the early healing processes. Both US and radiographic findings showed strong correlation in terms of the decrease in the bony callus gap. US was unable to distinguish cartilaginous callus from the surrounding soft tissue. During the remodeling stage, micro-CT offered a detailed assessment of the internal fracture surface, whereas US was limited to evaluating the outer bone surface and lacked accuracy in visualizing the entire fracture site. Radiography provided a general overview of the fractures. The decrease in the bony callus gap measured using US correlated with the reduction in cartilaginous callus observed histologically.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study demonstrated that US could be a valuable tool for evaluating fracture healing. Combining fracture management with US and radiological examinations may provide a more accurate assessment of healing progress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9043,"journal":{"name":"Bone Reports","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101807"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352187224000743/pdfft?md5=b4602ad835bfbf30c300979e46abe843&pid=1-s2.0-S2352187224000743-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142312380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between trabecular bone score, 10-year probability risk for fracture, and vertebral fractures in rheumatoid arthritis","authors":"Houssam Boutaibi,&nbsp;Hamida Azzouzi,&nbsp;Fadoua Chennouf,&nbsp;Linda Ichchou","doi":"10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101806","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101806","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The aim was to assess the association and predictive value of trabecular bone score (TBS), fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX), and TBS-adjusted FRAX with prevalent vertebral fractures (VFs) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patients diagnosed with RA were included in this cross-sectional study. Clinical data and laboratory tests were collected on the same day as the dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan. TBS, bone mineral density (BMD), and vertebral fracture assessment (VFA) were obtained from the DXA scan. We used the FRAX tool to assess the 10-year probability of major osteoporotic fracture (MOF-FRAX) and hip fracture (HF-FRAX) with and without BMD. These parameters were further adjusted for TBS. Patients with prevalent VFs were defined as those with moderate to severe VFs from T4 to L4. VFs presence was used as the binary variable in the logistic regressions and receiving operator characteristics (ROC) curves analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Sixty-nine patients were enrolled, with 55.1 % being postmenopausal. The mean TBS was 1.328 ± 0.104. Osteoporosis according to the WHO criteria was present in 39 patients (56.5 %), and six patients (8.7 %) had VFs with thoracic predominance (66.67 %). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses did not show an association between TBS and vertebral fractures, but FRAX scores indicated such an association. The area under the curve (AUC) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for the MOF-FRAX score with BMD, MOF-FRAX score without BMD, TBS-adjusted MOF-FRAX score, and TBS were 0.837 [0.686–0.988], 0.795 [0.629–0.961], 0.778 [0.571–0.984], and 0.515 [0.298–0.731], respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In our RA patients, FRAX scores were associated with vertebral fractures (VFs), while TBS was not. The MOF-FRAX score combined with BMD, showed the best AUC for VFs in this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9043,"journal":{"name":"Bone Reports","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101806"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142328284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Romosuzumab used to treat a 29-year-old patient with anorexia nervosa related osteoporosis – A case report","authors":"Pashija Demolli,&nbsp;Diana Frey","doi":"10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101803","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101803","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Summary</h3><p>Osteoporosis and decreased bone density is a frequent complication of anorexia nervosa (AN). As of yet, there have been no studies of accomplished treatment of AN-related osteoporosis with romosuzumab, a monoclonal antibody to sclerostin. We report the first case of a premenopausal, 29-year old patient in Switzerland with decreased bone density and osteoporotic fractures due to anorexia nervosa, who completed the treatment with romosuzumab. There was a significant increase in bone mineral density (BMD) after 12 months of therapy. No serious side effects were reported. To date, only bisphosphonates, denosumab and teriparatide have been evaluated in treatment of AN-related osteoporosis in adolescents and premenopausal individuals respectively. Our report demonstrates that romosuzumab might be an alternative treatment option in patients with anorexia nervosa who are at high risk for osteoporotic fractures. To assess the efficacy and safety of romosuzumab in individuals with AN further studies are needed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9043,"journal":{"name":"Bone Reports","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101803"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352187224000706/pdfft?md5=787d170bc85bba3b4eb5a7451b1d87ba&pid=1-s2.0-S2352187224000706-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142232007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case report of Tumor-Induced Osteomalacia (TIO) caused by central giant cell granuloma","authors":"Sevil Ghaffarzadeh Rad ,&nbsp;Amir Bahrami ,&nbsp;Jalil Houshyar ,&nbsp;Nazila Farrin ,&nbsp;Farzad Najafipour ,&nbsp;Halimeh Amirazad","doi":"10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101804","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101804","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome defined by severe hypophosphatemia, bone loss, fractures, and muscle weakness. Identifying of the tumor site is often difficult. The primary treatment for Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is currently surgical resection. Removing the primary tumor is the most definitive treatment for this disease.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Here we describe the case of a 32-year-old man who exhibited sever muscle weakness and pain that had continued for three years. The patient has three sisters and one brother, all of whom are completely healthy and free of bone and muscle problems.</p><p>Laboratory data indicate low serum phosphorus, normal serum and urine calcium level, besides raised alkaline phosphatase level. Due to elevated phosphorus levels in the urine and the lack of an alternative source for phosphorus excretion, along with the absence of short stature, bone deformities, and a negative family history that might suggest the potential for Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO), an octreotide scan was performed to the localized the tumor site. The scan, corroborated by CT and MRI scans, displayed absorption in the right maxillary sinus. Surgical excision of the lesion confirmed it to be a central giant cell granuloma.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Following surgery and without receiving any other treatment, the patient's phosphorus levels and clinical condition improved compared to before the surgical treatment. Subsequently, the symptoms of muscle weakness and skeletal pain significantly diminished, and the patient regained the ability to move.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Tumor enucleation was conducted, and the pathological examination of the maxillary sinus lesion unveiled a central Giant cell granuloma. The patient had clinical and laboratory improvement after surgery. This finding confirmed our diagnosis of a paraneoplastic hypophosphatemia associated with a giant cell granuloma.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9043,"journal":{"name":"Bone Reports","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101804"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352187224000718/pdfft?md5=cad58d6071f6d3513eb0fec85bd4ba4d&pid=1-s2.0-S2352187224000718-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142232008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classification of AO/OTA 31A/B femur fractures in X-ray images using YOLOv8 and advanced data augmentation techniques","authors":"Giorgia Marullo ,&nbsp;Luca Ulrich ,&nbsp;Francesca Giada Antonaci ,&nbsp;Andrea Audisio ,&nbsp;Alessandro Aprato ,&nbsp;Alessandro Massè ,&nbsp;Enrico Vezzetti","doi":"10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101801","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101801","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Femur fractures are a significant worldwide public health concern that affects patients as well as their families because of their high frequency, morbidity, and mortality. When employing computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) technologies, promising results have been shown in the efficiency and accuracy of fracture classification, particularly with the growing use of Deep Learning (DL) approaches. Nevertheless, the complexity is further increased by the need to collect enough input data to train these algorithms and the challenge of interpreting the findings. By improving on the results of the most recent deep learning-based Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen and Orthopaedic Trauma Association (AO/OTA) system classification of femur fractures, this study intends to support physicians in making correct and timely decisions regarding patient care. A state-of-the-art architecture, YOLOv8, was used and refined while paying close attention to the interpretability of the model. Furthermore, data augmentation techniques were involved during preprocessing, increasing the dataset samples through image processing alterations. The fine-tuned YOLOv8 model achieved remarkable results, with 0.9 accuracy, 0.85 precision, 0.85 recall, and 0.85 F1-score, computed by averaging the values among all the individual classes for each metric. This study shows the proposed architecture's effectiveness in enhancing the AO/OTA system's classification of femur fractures, assisting physicians in making prompt and accurate diagnoses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9043,"journal":{"name":"Bone Reports","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101801"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352187224000688/pdfft?md5=c156380142f0c7a0c683d11234b52bc2&pid=1-s2.0-S2352187224000688-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142242209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delineating the relationship between circulating osteoprotegerin and bone health in women with a pathogenic variant in BRCA1: A cross-sectional analysis","authors":"Aghaghia Mokhber ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Hall ,&nbsp;Aleksandra Uzelac ,&nbsp;Leonardo Salmena ,&nbsp;Angela Cheung ,&nbsp;Jan Lubinski ,&nbsp;Steven A. Narod ,&nbsp;Joanne Kotsopoulos","doi":"10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101802","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101802","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Osteoprotegerin (OPG) plays an important role in the inhibition of osteoclast formation and bone resorption. Studies have reported lower OPG levels among women with a pathogenic variant (mutation) in the <em>BRCA1</em> gene, and thus, may be at greater risk for skeletal bone loss. Thus, we investigated the association between circulating OPG and two validated markers of bone health: 1) bone fracture risk score (FRAX) and 2) bone mineral density (BMD), among <em>BRCA</em> mutation carriers.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Women with a blood sample and clinical data were included in this analysis. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to quantify serum OPG (pg/mL) and the 10-year risk of <em>major</em> osteoporotic fracture (FRAXmajor) and <em>hip</em> fracture (FRAXhip) (%) was estimated using a web-based algorithm. For a subset of women, lumbar spine BMD was previously assessed by dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)(T-score). A Mann–Whitney <em>U</em> test was used to evaluate the association between OPG and FRAX score, while linear regression was used to assess the association of OPG and BMD.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Among 701 women with a <em>BRCA1</em> mutation, there was a significant (and unexpected) positive association between OPG levels and FRAX score (FRAXmajor: 2.12 (low OPG) vs. 2.53 (high OPG) <em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001; FRAXhip: 0.27 (low OPG) vs. 0.44 (high OPG) <em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001). In a subset with BMD measurement (<em>n</em> = 50), low serum OPG was associated with a significantly lower BMD T-score (−1.069 vs. -0.318; <em>P</em> = 0.04).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our findings suggest that women with inherently lower OPG may be at risk of lower BMD, the gold standard marker of bone disease. Due to the young age of our cohort, on-going studies are warranted to re-evaluate the association between OPG and FRAX in <em>BRCA</em> mutation carriers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9043,"journal":{"name":"Bone Reports","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101802"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S235218722400069X/pdfft?md5=e860742d60e78effd5cdbe332f2d03d6&pid=1-s2.0-S235218722400069X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142151919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A staged approach using machine learning and uncertainty quantification to predict the risk of hip fracture","authors":"Anjum Shaik ,&nbsp;Kristoffer Larsen ,&nbsp;Nancy E. Lane ,&nbsp;Chen Zhao ,&nbsp;Kuan-Jui Su ,&nbsp;Joyce H. Keyak ,&nbsp;Qing Tian ,&nbsp;Qiuying Sha ,&nbsp;Hui Shen ,&nbsp;Hong-Wen Deng ,&nbsp;Weihua Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101805","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101805","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hip fractures present a significant healthcare challenge, especially within aging populations, where they are often caused by falls. These fractures lead to substantial morbidity and mortality, emphasizing the need for timely surgical intervention. Despite advancements in medical care, hip fractures impose a significant burden on individuals and healthcare systems. This paper focuses on the prediction of hip fracture risk in older and middle-aged adults, where falls and compromised bone quality are predominant factors.</p><p>The study cohort included 547 patients, with 94 experiencing hip fracture. To assess the risk of hip fracture, clinical variables and clinical variables combined with hip DXA imaging features were evaluated as predictors, followed by a novel staged approach. Hip DXA imaging features included those extracted by convolutional neural networks (CNNs), shape measurements, and texture features. Two ensemble machine learning models were evaluated: Ensemble 1 (clinical variables only) and Ensemble 2 (clinical variables and imaging features) using the logistic regression as the base classifier and bootstrapping for ensemble learning. The staged approach was developed using uncertainty quantification from Ensemble 1 which was used to decide if hip DXA imaging features were necessary to improve prediction for each subject. Ensemble 2 exhibited the highest performance, achieving an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.95, an accuracy of 0.92, a sensitivity of 0.81, and a specificity of 0.94. The staged model also performed well, with an AUC of 0.85, an accuracy of 0.86, a sensitivity of 0.56, and a specificity of 0.92, outperforming Ensemble 1, which had an AUC of 0.55, an accuracy of 0.73, a sensitivity of 0.20, and a specificity of 0.83. Furthermore, the staged model suggested that 54.49 % of patients did not require DXA scanning, effectively balancing accuracy and specificity, while offering a robust solution when DXA data acquisition is not feasible. Statistical tests confirmed significant differences between the models, highlighting the advantages of advanced modeling strategies.</p><p>Our staged approach offers a cost-effective holistic view of patient health. It can identify individuals at risk of hip fracture with a high accuracy while reducing unnecessary DXA scans. This approach has great promise to guide the need for interventions to prevent hip fracture while reducing diagnostic cost and exposure to radiation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9043,"journal":{"name":"Bone Reports","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101805"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S235218722400072X/pdfft?md5=8f8063473a9a18e01b505633107f75a5&pid=1-s2.0-S235218722400072X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142242208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the age-specific relationship between PTH and vitamin D metabolites","authors":"Alexandra Povaliaeva ,&nbsp;Artem Zhukov ,&nbsp;Viktor Bogdanov ,&nbsp;Axenia Bondarenko ,&nbsp;Oleg Senko ,&nbsp;Anna Kuznetsova ,&nbsp;Maxim Kodryan ,&nbsp;Vitaliy Ioutsi ,&nbsp;Ekaterina Pigarova ,&nbsp;Liudmila Rozhinskaya ,&nbsp;Natalia Mokrysheva","doi":"10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101800","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101800","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A commonly used method for determining vitamin D sufficiency is the suppression of excess PTH secretion. Conventionally, the main circulating vitamin D metabolite 25(OH)D is used for this assessment, however, the cut-off data for this parameter vary widely in the literature. The role of other metabolites as markers of vitamin D status is actively debated. The aim of our study was to assess the relationship between PTH, age and parameters characterizing vitamin D status, both “classical” – 25(OH)D₃, and “non-classical” – 24,25(OH)₂D₃ and 25(OH)D₃/24,25(OH)₂D₃ (vitamin D metabolite ratio, VMR). This prospective non-controlled cohort study included 162 apparently healthy Caucasian adult volunteers. When PTH was binarized according to the median value, at VMR &lt; 14.9, 25(OH)D₃ &gt; 9.7 ng/mL and 24,25(OH)₂D₃ &gt; 0.64 ng/mL there was a pronounced relationship between PTH and age (<em>p</em> = 0.001, <em>p</em> = 0.023 and <em>p</em> = 0.0134 respectively), with the prevalence of higher PTH levels in older individuals and vice versa. Moreover, at an age of &lt;40.3 years, there was a pronounced relationship between PTH and VMR (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), and similarly at an age of &lt;54.5 years, there was a pronounced relationship between PTH and 25(OH)D₃ (<em>p</em> = 0.002) as well as between PTH and 24,25(OH)₂D₃ (<em>p</em> = 0.0038): in younger people, higher PTH values prevailed only in the range of vitamin D insufficiency, while in the older age group this relationship was not demonstrated and PTH values were in general above the median. VMR controlled the correlation between PTH and age more strongly than metabolites 25(OH)D₃ and 24,25(OH)₂D₃ (<em>p</em> = 0.0012 vs. <em>p</em> &gt; 0.05 and <em>p</em> = 0.0385 respectively). The optimal threshold was found equal to 11.7 for VMR such that the relationship between PTH and age in the subset of participants with VMR &lt; 11.7 was characterized by a correlation coefficient of ρ = 0.68 (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), while the cohort with VMR &gt; 11.7 was characterized by a very weak correlation coefficient of ρ = 0.12 (<em>p</em> = 0.218), which is non-significant. In summary, our findings suggest that the relationship between PTH and vitamin D is age-dependent, with a greater susceptibility to elevated PTH among older individuals even with preserved renal function, likely due to the resistance to vitamin D function. We propose VMR can be considered as a potential marker of vitamin D status. These findings require confirmation in larger population-based studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9043,"journal":{"name":"Bone Reports","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101800"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352187224000676/pdfft?md5=b737b6cc70698859989936f8ef803f61&pid=1-s2.0-S2352187224000676-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142088393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gingival fibroblasts produce paracrine signals that affect osteoclastogenesis in vitro","authors":"Solen Novello ,&nbsp;Ton Schoenmaker ,&nbsp;Teun J. de Vries ,&nbsp;Behrouz Zandieh Doulabi ,&nbsp;Astrid D. Bakker ,&nbsp;Marja L. Laine ,&nbsp;Ineke D.C. Jansen","doi":"10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101798","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101798","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In periodontitis, gingival fibroblasts (GF) appear to produce a multitude of paracrine factors. However, the influence of GF-derived soluble factors on osteoclastogenesis remains unclear. In this case study, production of paracrine factors by GF was assessed under inflammatory and non-inflammatory conditions, as well as their effect on osteoclastogenesis. Human primary GF were cultured in a transwell system and primed with a cocktail of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α to mimic inflammation. GF were co-cultured directly and indirectly with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Cytokines and chemokines in supernatants (flow cytometry based multiplex assay), osteoclastogenesis (TRAcP staining) and gene expression (qPCR) were quantified on days 7 and 21.</p><p>Results from this case study showed that GF communicated via soluble factors with PBMC resulting in a two-fold induction of osteoclasts. Reversely, PBMC induced gene expression of IL-6, OPG and MCP-1 by GF. Remarkably, after priming of GF with cytokines, this communication was impaired and resulted in fewer osteoclasts. This could be partly explained by an increase in IL-10 expression and a decrease in MCP-1 expression. Intriguingly, the short priming of GF resulted in significantly higher expression of inflammatory cytokines that was sustained at both 7 and 21 days.</p><p>GF appear to produce paracrine factors capable of stimulating osteoclastogenesis in the absence of physical cell-cell interactions. GF cultured in the presence of PBMC or osteoclasts had a remarkably inflammatory phenotype. Given profound expression of both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines after the inflammatory stimulus, it is probably the effector hierarchy that leads to fewer osteoclasts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9043,"journal":{"name":"Bone Reports","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101798"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352187224000652/pdfft?md5=d1dba1bb02e638cf5f9a2851e3b03a4c&pid=1-s2.0-S2352187224000652-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142021409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statin use associated with a reduced risk of hip fracture in patients with gout","authors":"Chun-Ming Chen ,&nbsp;Wan-Ting Huang ,&nbsp;Sheng-Feng Sung ,&nbsp;Chih-Cheng Hsu ,&nbsp;Yueh-Han Hsu","doi":"10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101799","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101799","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Studies show that statins users are at reduced risk of fracture and improved bone mineral density. However, the clinical effectiveness of statin use in patients with gout has not been investigated. This retrospective cohort study used data from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database, consisting of 3443 patients with gout using statins aged 50 years and above and 6886 gout patients of non-statin users matched by sex, age and propensity score. The Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that statin use was associated with a reduced risk of hip fracture (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 0.78, 95 % confidence interval [CI] = 0.64–0.94) after controlling for potential confounding factors. The association was significant in both genders aged 50–64 years, with aHRs of near 0.35, but not in the elderly. In addition, women aged 50–64 years who used statins also exhibited a lower risk of vertebral fracture (aHR = 0.70, 95 % CI = 0.50–0.99), but not men. In conclusion, the stating use in gout patients could reduce fracture risk for younger patients. Further research is warranted to confirm these findings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9043,"journal":{"name":"Bone Reports","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101799"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352187224000664/pdfft?md5=450db2595e5071fb678a8b52c1976ed9&pid=1-s2.0-S2352187224000664-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142011224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}