PsycCritiques最新文献_第2页

The natural thermal sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2的天然热敏性

PsycCritiques Pub Date : 2022-09-01 Epub Date: 2022-08-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.imj.2022.08.005

Patrick D Shaw Stewart, Julia L Bach

引用次数: 0

Implementation of HIV Retesting During Pregnancy and Postpartum in Kenya: A Cross-Sectional Study. 肯尼亚孕期和产后艾滋病毒复检的实施情况：一项横断面研究。

IF 4

PsycCritiques Pub Date : 2022-02-28 DOI: 10.9745/GHSP-D-21-00451

Monalisa Penumetsa, Jillian Neary, Shiza Farid, Peninah Kithao, Barbra A Richardson, Daniel Matemo, Grace John-Stewart, John Kinuthia, Alison L Drake

{"title":"Implementation of HIV Retesting During Pregnancy and Postpartum in Kenya: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Monalisa Penumetsa, Jillian Neary, Shiza Farid, Peninah Kithao, Barbra A Richardson, Daniel Matemo, Grace John-Stewart, John Kinuthia, Alison L Drake","doi":"10.9745/GHSP-D-21-00451","DOIUrl":"10.9745/GHSP-D-21-00451","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: HIV retesting during pregnancy/postpartum can identify incident maternal HIV infection and prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission (MTCT). Guidelines recommend retesting HIV-negative peripartum women, but data on implementation are limited. We conducted a cross-sectional study in Kenya to measure the prevalence of maternal HIV retesting in programs and HIV incidence.Methods: Programmatic HIV retesting data was abstracted from maternal and child health booklets among women enrolled in a cross-sectional and/or seeking services during pregnancy, delivery, or 9 months postpartum in Kenya between January 2017 and July 2019. Retesting was defined as any HIV test conducted by MTCT programs after the initial antenatal care test or conducted as part of retesting policies at/after delivery for women not tested during pregnancy. Poisson generalized linear regression was used to identify correlates of programmatic retesting among women enrolled at 9 months postpartum.Results: Among 5,894 women included in the analysis, 3,124 only had data abstracted and 2,770 were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. Overall prevalence of programmatic HIV retesting was higher at 6 weeks (65%) and 9 months postpartum (72%) than in pregnancy (32%), at delivery (23%) and 6 months postpartum (28%) (P<.001 for all comparisons). HIV incidence was 0.72/100 person-years (PY) (95% confidence interval (CI)=0.43,1.22) in pregnancy and 0.23/100 PY (95% CI=0.09, 0.62) postpartum (incidence rate ratio: 3.09; 95% CI=0.97, 12.90; P=.02).Conclusion: Maternal retest coverage was high at 6 weeks and 9 months postpartum but low during pregnancy. Strategies to ensure high retesting coverage and detect women with incident maternal HIV infection are needed.","PeriodicalId":90306,"journal":{"name":"PsycCritiques","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8885347/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79349157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Magic Love 神奇的爱

PsycCritiques Pub Date : 2021-12-21 DOI: 10.1037/A0017183

R. Biswas-Diener

引用次数: 0

Brief Underage Alcohol Use Screener Scores Predict Health Risk Behaviors. 未成年人饮酒简易筛查分数可预测健康风险行为。

PsycCritiques Pub Date : 2021-10-01 Epub Date: 2019-08-27 DOI: 10.1177/1059840519871092

Jonathan G Tubman, Alan Meca, Seth J Schwartz, Maria Rosa Velazquez, Andrew W Egbert, Mary H Soares, Timothy Regan

引用次数: 0

The Cognitive Neurosciences 认知神经科学

PsycCritiques Pub Date : 2020-05-12 DOI: 10.1037/004485

Terri Gullickson

{"title":"The Cognitive Neurosciences","authors":"Terri Gullickson","doi":"10.1037/004485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/004485","url":null,"abstract":"The sixth edition of the foundational reference on cognitive neuroscience, with entirely new material that covers the latest research, experimental approaches, and measurement methodologies. Each edition of this classic reference has proved to be a benchmark in the developing field of cognitive neuroscience. The sixth edition of The Cognitive Neurosciences continues to chart new directions in the study of the biological underpinnings of complex cognition—the relationship between the structural and physiological mechanisms of the nervous system and the psychological reality of the mind. It offers entirely new material, reflecting recent advances in the field, covering the latest research, experimental approaches, and measurement methodologies.\u0000 This sixth edition treats such foundational topics as memory, attention, and language, as well as other areas, including computational models of cognition, reward and decision making, social neuroscience, scientific ethics, and methods advances. Over the last twenty-five years, the cognitive neurosciences have seen the development of sophisticated tools and methods, including computational approaches that generate enormous data sets. This volume deploys these exciting new instruments but also emphasizes the value of theory, behavior, observation, and other time-tested scientific habits.\u0000 Section editorsSarah-Jayne Blakemore and Ulman Lindenberger, Kalanit Grill-Spector and Maria Chait, Tomás Ryan and Charan Ranganath, Sabine Kastner and Steven Luck, Stanislas Dehaene and Josh McDermott, Rich Ivry and John Krakauer, Daphna Shohamy and Wolfram Schultz, Danielle Bassett and Nikolaus Kriegeskorte, Marina Bedny and Alfonso Caramazza, Liina Pylkkänen and Karen Emmorey, Mauricio Delgado and Elizabeth Phelps, Anjan Chatterjee and Adina Roskies","PeriodicalId":90306,"journal":{"name":"PsycCritiques","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42745174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reduced-Order Modeling of Composite Floor Slabs in Fire. I: Heat-Transfer Analysis. 火灾中复合楼板的降序建模。I：传热分析。

PsycCritiques Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0002650

Jian Jiang, Joseph A Main, Jonathan M Weigand, Fahim Sadek

{"title":"Reduced-Order Modeling of Composite Floor Slabs in Fire. I: Heat-Transfer Analysis.","authors":"Jian Jiang, Joseph A Main, Jonathan M Weigand, Fahim Sadek","doi":"10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0002650","DOIUrl":"10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0002650","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a reduced-order numerical modeling approach for the analysis of heat transfer in composite floor slabs with profiled steel decking exposed to fire effects. This approach represents the thick and thin portions of a composite slab with alternating strips of shell elements, using a layered thick-shell formulation that accounts for both in-plane and through-thickness heat transfer. To account for the tapered profile of the ribs, layered shell elements representing the thick portion of the slab adopt a linear reduction in the density of concrete within the depth in the rib. The specific heat of concrete in the rib is also proportionally reduced to indirectly consider the heat input through the web of the decking, because the reduced-order model considers thermal loading only on the upper and lower flanges of the decking. The optimal ratio of modified and actual specific heat of concrete in the rib is determined, depending on the ratio of the height of the upper continuous portion to the height of the rib. The reduced-order modeling approach is validated against experimental results.","PeriodicalId":90306,"journal":{"name":"PsycCritiques","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11231914/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79414382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Predictors of Long-term Mortality after Hospitalization for Severe COPD Exacerbation. 慢性阻塞性肺疾病严重恶化住院后长期死亡率的预测因素。

PsycCritiques Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.26574/maedica.2019.14.2.86

Alexandru Tudor Steriade, Ana Davidoiu, Andreea Afrasinei, Cornelia Tudose, Diana Radu, Daniela Necula, Miron Alexandru Bogdan, Dragos Bumbacea

{"title":"Predictors of Long-term Mortality after Hospitalization for Severe COPD Exacerbation.","authors":"Alexandru Tudor Steriade, Ana Davidoiu, Andreea Afrasinei, Cornelia Tudose, Diana Radu, Daniela Necula, Miron Alexandru Bogdan, Dragos Bumbacea","doi":"10.26574/maedica.2019.14.2.86","DOIUrl":"10.26574/maedica.2019.14.2.86","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a global health problem resulting in significant morbidity. Acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) is a severe complication associated with increased short- and long-term mortality. Identifying predictors of long-term mortality after a severe AECOPD may improve management and long-term outcome of this disease. Materials and methods:A two-year prospective cohort study was undertaken in an academical medical center between 2016 and 2018. Patients with severe AECOPD who required non-invasive ventilation (NIV) were included. Baseline characteristics at inclusion, comorbidities (kidney dysfunction, left heart disease, diabetes), number of prior episodes of AECOPD and indication for long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) or non-invasive ventilation (LTNIV) were recorded. Patients were monitored for a two-year period after initial admission. Outcomes were six-month, one-year and two-year mortality, irrespective of cause. Outcomes:51 patients (31 male, mean age 68.1) were included in the study. Mortality rates at six months, one year and two years were 20, 26 and 36%, respectively. Patients receiving LTOT and LTNIV at discharge had lower mortality at two years versus patients with no indication for LTOT and LTNIV at discharge. Absence of LTOT increased six-month mortality (OR .2, 95% CI, .04 to .90) and one-year mortality (p<.05). FEV1 and BMI were also correlated with long-term mortality in univariate analysis, p<.05. Age, number of prior episodes of AECOPD or the presence of comorbidities had no influence on long-term mortality. Conclusion:After an episode of severe AECOPD, LTOT is associated with lower long-term mortality when compared to patients with no severe hypoxemia at discharge. A decreased lung function and body mass index increase long-term mortality.","PeriodicalId":90306,"journal":{"name":"PsycCritiques","volume":"37 1","pages":"86-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6709392/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79387032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neuropsychological Predictors of Decision-Making Capacity in Terminally Ill Patients with Advanced Cancer. 晚期癌症临终患者决策能力的神经心理学预测因素。

IF 2.6

PsycCritiques Pub Date : 2019-01-24 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acz027

Elissa Kolva, Barry Rosenfeld, Rebecca M Saracino

{"title":"Neuropsychological Predictors of Decision-Making Capacity in Terminally Ill Patients with Advanced Cancer.","authors":"Elissa Kolva, Barry Rosenfeld, Rebecca M Saracino","doi":"10.1093/arclin/acz027","DOIUrl":"10.1093/arclin/acz027","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to identify the neuropsychological underpinnings of decision-making capacity in terminally ill patients with advanced cancer.Method: Participants were 108 English-speaking adults. More than half (n = 58) of participants had a diagnosis of advanced cancer and were receiving inpatient palliative care; the rest were healthy adults. Participants completed a measure of decision-making capacity that assesses four legal standards of capacity (Choice, Understanding, Appreciation, and Reasoning), and several measures of neuropsychological functioning.Results: Patients with terminal cancer were significantly more impaired on measures of capacity and neuropsychological functioning. Surprisingly, in the terminally ill sample, there were no significant correlations between neuropsychological functioning and decision-making capacity.Conclusion: The terminally ill sample exhibited high levels of neuropsychological impairment across multiple cognitive domains. However, few of the measures of neuropsychological functioning were significantly associated with performance on the decisional capacity subscales in the terminally ill sample. It is possible that end-of-life decisional capacity is governed by general, rather than domain-specific, cognitive abilities.","PeriodicalId":90306,"journal":{"name":"PsycCritiques","volume":"44 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2019-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7014974/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79410881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Where Did All the Numbers Come From? 所有的数字都是从哪里来的?

PsycCritiques Pub Date : 2017-12-28 DOI: 10.1037/A0040947

G. Pitz

引用次数: 0

The Socioeconomic Aspect of Homosexuality Across the World 世界各地同性恋的社会经济方面

PsycCritiques Pub Date : 2017-12-28 DOI: 10.1037/A0041179

B. Khoury

引用次数: 0