The journal of problem solving最新文献_第5页

Indentations and Starting Points in Traveling Sales Tour Problems: Implications for Theory 旅游销售问题的缩进与起点:理论启示

The journal of problem solving Pub Date : 2012-10-17 DOI: 10.7771/1932-6246.1140

J. MacGregor

{"title":"Indentations and Starting Points in Traveling Sales Tour Problems: Implications for Theory","authors":"J. MacGregor","doi":"10.7771/1932-6246.1140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7771/1932-6246.1140","url":null,"abstract":"A complete, non-trivial, traveling sales tour problem contains at least one “indentation”, where nodes in the interior of the point set are connected between two adjacent nodes on the boundary. Early research reported that human tours exhibited fewer such indentations than expected. A subsequent explanation proposed that this was because the observed human tours were close to the optimal, and the optimal tours happened to have few indentations. The present article reports two experiments. The first was designed to test the “few indentations” hypothesis under more stringent conditions than previously, by including point sets with two (near) optimal solutions that had a different number of indentations. For these critical point sets, participants produced the optimal solution with fewer indentations significantly more often than the alternative optimal solution. In addition, participants’ solutions started on boundary points significantly more often than by chance. A second experiment tested whether the preference for fewer indentations is the result of a conscious strategy, or the product of the processes that generate a solution. The results supported the latter conclusion. The implications for theories of human tour generation are discussed.","PeriodicalId":90070,"journal":{"name":"The journal of problem solving","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84533416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Testing the Cue Dependence of Problem-Solving-Induced Forgetting 解决问题诱发遗忘的线索依赖检验

The journal of problem solving Pub Date : 2012-05-11 DOI: 10.7771/1932-6246.1125

Benjamin C. Storm, Rebecca H. Koppel

引用次数: 13

Is Insight Always the Same? A Protocol Analysis of Insight in Compound Remote Associate Problems 洞察力总是一样的吗?复合远程关联问题洞察力的协议分析

The journal of problem solving Pub Date : 2012-05-11 DOI: 10.7771/1932-6246.1129

Edward A. Cranford, Jarrod Moss

{"title":"Is Insight Always the Same? A Protocol Analysis of Insight in Compound Remote Associate Problems","authors":"Edward A. Cranford, Jarrod Moss","doi":"10.7771/1932-6246.1129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7771/1932-6246.1129","url":null,"abstract":"Compound Remote Associate (CRA) problems have been used to investigate insight problem solving using both behavioral and neuroimaging techniques. However, it is unclear to what extent CRA problems exhibit characteristics of insight such as impasses and restructuring. CRA problem-solving characteristics were examined in a study in which participants solved CRA problems while providing concurrent verbal protocols. The results show that solutions subjectively judged as insight by participants do exhibit some characteristics of insight. However, the results also show that there are at least two different ways in which people experience insight when solving CRA problems. Sometimes problems are solved and judged as insight when the solution is the first thing considered, but these solutions do not exhibit any characteristics of insight aside from the “Aha!” experience. In other cases, the solution is derived after a longer period of problem solving, and the solution process more closely resembles insight as it is has been traditionally defined in the literature. The results show that separating these two types of solution processes may provide a better understanding of the behavioral and neuroanatomical correlates of insight solutions.","PeriodicalId":90070,"journal":{"name":"The journal of problem solving","volume":"2016 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86388092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 78

Investigating Insight as Sudden Learning 将洞察力作为突然学习进行调查

The journal of problem solving Pub Date : 2012-05-11 DOI: 10.7771/1932-6246.1123

Ivan K. Ash, Benjamin D. Jee, J. Wiley

引用次数: 43

Firing the Executive: When an Analytic Approach to Problem Solving Helps and Hurts 解雇主管:分析方法解决问题的利弊

The journal of problem solving Pub Date : 2012-05-11 DOI: 10.7771/1932-6246.1128

Dani Aiello, A. Jarosz, Patrick J. Cushen, J. Wiley

引用次数: 24

Clue Insensitivity in Remote Associates Test Problem Solving 线索不敏感的远程关联测试问题解决

The journal of problem solving Pub Date : 2012-05-11 DOI: 10.7771/1932-6246.1124

Steven M. Smith, Cynthia M. Sifonis, Genna Angello

引用次数: 8

Intuitive Tip of the Tongue Judgments Predict Subsequent Problem Solving One Day Later 直觉的舌尖判断可以预测一天后问题的解决

The journal of problem solving Pub Date : 2012-05-11 DOI: 10.7771/1932-6246.1130

Azurii K. Collier, M. Beeman

{"title":"Intuitive Tip of the Tongue Judgments Predict Subsequent Problem Solving One Day Later","authors":"Azurii K. Collier, M. Beeman","doi":"10.7771/1932-6246.1130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7771/1932-6246.1130","url":null,"abstract":"Often when failing to solve problems, individuals report some idea of the solution, but cannot explicitly access the idea. We investigated whether such intuition would relate to improvements in solving and to the manner in which a problem was solved after a 24hour delay. On Day 1, participants attempted to solve Compound Remote Associate problems, for which they viewed three problem words (crab, sauce, pine) and tried to generate one solution word (apple) that could form a compound word with each problem word (crabapple, applesauce, pineapple). For problems they failed to solve, participants reported whether they had an intuitive sense that they might have solution related processing in the back of their mind, similar to a Tip-of-the-Tongue (TOT) experience. After an overnight delay, on Day 2 participants attempted to solve unsolved Old problems from Day 1 (mixed among New problems). Participants solved more Old problems for which they reported a TOT on Day 1 than Old problems without a TOT, demonstrating a TOT specific incubation effect. Interestingly, participants reported solving a marginally higher proportion of these TOT problems, compared to No TOT problems, with insight. Results suggest that intuitive TOT judgments are indicative of subthreshold solution related activation that can facilitate eventual problem solving, especially with insight.","PeriodicalId":90070,"journal":{"name":"The journal of problem solving","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85481684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Remote Associates Test and Alpha Brain Waves 远程伙伴测试和阿尔法脑电波

The journal of problem solving Pub Date : 2012-05-11 DOI: 10.7771/1932-6246.1126

H. Haarmann, Timothy George, Alexei Smaliy, J. Dien

{"title":"Remote Associates Test and Alpha Brain Waves","authors":"H. Haarmann, Timothy George, Alexei Smaliy, J. Dien","doi":"10.7771/1932-6246.1126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7771/1932-6246.1126","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies found that performance on the remote associates test (RAT) improves after a period of incubation and that increased alpha brain waves over the right posterior brain predict the emergence of RAT insight solutions. We report an experiment that tested whether increased alpha brain waves during incubation improve RAT performance. Participants received two blocks of RAT items (RAT1 and RAT2), with the second block consisting of items that were not solved during the first block. Participants were randomly assigned to three groups, which were matched for their number of RAT1 solutions. Participants in an alpha-up neurofeedback group aimed to increase their alpha brain waves over the right posterior brain in between the two blocks, whereas participants in an alpha-down neurofeedback group aimed to decrease these same brain waves. A third group of participants did not perform neurofeedback and proceeded immediately from the first to the second block of RAT items. We found evidence for more RAT2 solutions in participants who interrupted their RAT performance with neurofeedback, especially in ones who showed high alpha brain waves during neurofeedback. These results are consistent with the notion that an alert but relaxed mental state, indexed by alpha brain waves, may aid the read out of an implicitly activated memory network of weak associates.","PeriodicalId":90070,"journal":{"name":"The journal of problem solving","volume":"140 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80290930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 20

Human Problem Solving in 2010 2010年人类问题解决

The journal of problem solving Pub Date : 2012-02-17 DOI: 10.7771/1932-6246.1120

Z. Pizlo

引用次数: 2

Book Review of Rosenhouse, The Monty Hall Problem 罗森豪斯书评，蒙蒂·霍尔问题

The journal of problem solving Pub Date : 2012-02-17 DOI: 10.7771/1932-6246.1119

L. Burkholder

引用次数: 0