Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology最新文献

{"title":"Microplastic Contamination in Waters and Sediments in the Selorejo Reservoir, Malang Regency, East Java","authors":"Bayu Agung Prahardika, Iqbal Fatkhul Akbar, Muhammad Imam Muzammil","doi":"10.21776/ub.biotropika.2023.011.02.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.biotropika.2023.011.02.06","url":null,"abstract":"Microplastics are small plastic particles under 5 mm in size that have contaminated a lot of ecosystems, both aquatic and on land. The existence of heaps of garbage and the existence of fishing activities around residential areas are some examples of anthropogenic activities that are on the edge and water bodies of the Selorejo Reservoir. This study aims to observe the contamination of various types of microplastics and their abundance in water and sediment samples taken from the Selorejo Reservoir. Sampling was carried out using the selected method (purposive sampling) at five different stations, including the Konto River inlet, Kwayangan River inlet, settlements (blendrang), tourism areas, and reservoir outlets. Each station has 3 transects (as replicates) and about 100 liters of water and 1000 grams of sediment are taken. Destruction of water and sediments uses 30% H2O2 and 30% H2SO4 acid to remove organic components that are still attached and to facilitate observation under a stereo microscope with 400X magnification. Based on the results of an analysis of the abundance of microplastics in the waters of each station, the highest abundance of microplastics was successively found in the Konto river inlet with a total abundance value of 39.27x101 particles/liter, then in the residential part (blendrang) a number of 35.34x101 particles/liter, tourist areas 33.67x101 particles/liter, outlet 30.36x101 particles/liter and Kwayangan river inlet 29.67x101 particles/liter. Meanwhile, the highest total abundance of microplastics found in sediments in the Selorejo Reservoir was found successively in the Konto river inlet with a total abundance value of 3.68 particles/gram, then in the tourist area 2.08 particles/gram, in the Kwayangan river inlet 1.56 particles/gram, in the residential part (blendrang) a number of 1.2 particles/gram and outlets 1.12 particles/gram. Each type of microplastic is then counted based on the amount found. The results of the identification of microplastic contamination in waters and sediments in the Selorejo Reservoir found several types of microplastics, namely fibers, fragments, filaments, and films. The dominating type and color of microplastic is black fiber.","PeriodicalId":9004,"journal":{"name":"Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135055742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Study of flavonoid in Apium graveolens L. as a Kirsten Rat Sarcoma Protein Inhibitor in Colorectal Cancer based on in silico Study","authors":"Abdullah Mauladdawilah, Fatchiyah Fatchiyah","doi":"10.21776/ub.biotropika.2023.011.02.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.biotropika.2023.011.02.07","url":null,"abstract":"Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second deadliest cancer that is mostly caused by the mutation of Kirsten Rat Sarcoma (KRAS) type G12D, it’s still undruggable. Flavonoids are natural products found as the most important secondary metabolite in celery, consisting of apigenin, kaempferol, quercetin, and luteolin. This study aims to analyze the most potential flavonoid compounds in Apium graveolens L. as KRAS inhibitors in CRC with in-silico. This study starts by collecting the 3D structure, Compound ID, formula, and canonical SMILES of compounds from the PubChem, and collecting the 3D structure of KRAS G12D from the RCSB-PDB. Ligand and protein preparations using OpenBabel PyRx, and Biovia Discovery Studio 2019. Drug-likeness analyzed by SwissADME web server, biological activity by PassOnline web server, docking by PyRx VinaWizard, and visualization by Biovia Discovery Studio 2019. RMSF values were obtained by analyzing binding stability with CABS-flex web server. Chrysoeriol has the potential as an inhibitor of KRAS protein drug in CRC since the lowest toxicity and the smallest binding affinity bind the most strongly to the KRAS","PeriodicalId":9004,"journal":{"name":"Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135055781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Mudskipper Species in Mangrove Area of Luwu Timur, Luwu Utara, and Wajo South Sulawesi Indonesia","authors":"Annisa Zakiyah Darojat, Agung Pramana Warih Marhendra, N. Kurniawan","doi":"10.21776/ub.biotropika.2023.011.02.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.biotropika.2023.011.02.02","url":null,"abstract":"Mudskipper is amphibious fish that inhabited sandy beaches, mudflat, and mangrove areas. This fish is euryhaline because of its tolerance to varying salinity, pH, temperature, conductivity, and DO. This study aimed to identify the taxonomy status of mudskipper in Banua Pangka Mangrove Ecotourism, Seta-Seta Beach, and Masiae river, it was expected to be additional information used as a basis for management, benefaction in taxonomic, and ecological aspects. The sampling method was purposive sampling. Morphological identification was carried out by observing morphometric and meristic character. The result found two mudskipper species from three sampling sites, namely Periophthalmus argentilineatus and Periophthalmodon freycineti. Water quality parameter values at three sampling locations were within the optimal range for mudskipper according to the previous study....","PeriodicalId":9004,"journal":{"name":"Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78719453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethnobotany of Medicine Plants of the Sumba Trible in Central Sumba Regency East Nusa Tenggara Timur","authors":"Ariski Vevi Liswandari, S. Sulisetijono, Frida Kunti Setiowati","doi":"10.21776/ub.biotropika.2023.011.02.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.biotropika.2023.011.02.03","url":null,"abstract":"The Sumba tribe is a local community that inhabits Sumba Island, one of which is in Central Sumba Regency. The majority of the people of the Sumba Tribe still have close interactions with nature, one of which is still using plants used for traditional medicine. This traditional medicine has been carried out for a long time and has become a tradition passed down from generation to generation in the customs of the Sumba people. This study aims to determine the diversity of plant species used for medicine by the Sumbanese people and to determine the Use Value Species (UVS) and the Cultural Significance Index (ICS) of medicinal plants in Central Sumba Regency. This study used the snowball sampling method by conducting open-ended interviews. The results of this study have found a diversity of plants that have potential as medicine. It is known that there are 116 species of medicinal plants used by the people of the Sumba tribe for treatment. Medicinal plants can be found in the yard of the house. Based on the analysis of UVS calculations, it was found that the species with the highest use value, Sambiloto (A. paniculata Ness) had the highest UVS value (5.60), while for the ICS analysis, Papaya (C. papaya L.) had the highest ICS value (850).","PeriodicalId":9004,"journal":{"name":"Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76737935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accumulation of Microplastics in the Digestive Tract and Gonads and its Effects on Gonad Quality of Sea urchins Tripnesutes gratilla","authors":"V. Lekatompessy, Agung Pramana Warih Marhendra, N. Kurniawan","doi":"10.21776/ub.biotropika.2023.011.01.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.biotropika.2023.011.01.07","url":null,"abstract":"Marine plastic debris that is transported will move with the flow of water and float and then be degraded into smaller particles, namely microplastics, sink and settle on the substrate. Sea urchins as deposit feeders have the potential to ingest microplastic particles, where these particles can influence changes in behavior, growth, enzyme production, reproduction, and tissue structure. This study used a purposive sampling method with descriptive analysis for data related to the recording of morphometrics and gonadal quality as well as follow-up tests of the Tukey test and Pearson test. This study aims to analyze how the accumulation of microplastics in organs (digestive tract and gonads) affects the gonadal quality of sea urchins Tripneustes gratilla. The results showed that the number of microplastic particles found in the digestive tract of sea urchins was 233 particles/individual and in the gonads were 205 particles/individual with the color variants transparent, multicolor, blue, yellow, red, green, and purple. Gonadal quality assessment indicators are color, firmness, and gonadal index. Gonads with good quality were shown by sea urchins from Laha beach (site 1) with a composition of 40% bright orange, 40% yellow/pale yellow, 20% bright orange, very firm 80% and not firm20%, and a gonadal index value of 7.57 %. In contrast, gonads with poor quality were shown by sea urchins from Erie beach (site 4) with a composition of 80% brown and 20% gray, a very firm of 60% and 40% firm, and a gonadal index value of 3.08%. This difference in quality is thought to be the result of microplastic accumulation in the sea urchin organs which causes the satiated delusion.","PeriodicalId":9004,"journal":{"name":"Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76000178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Natural Enemy Abundance Based on Riparian Vegetation at Rice Field in Slamet Village, East Java, Indonesia","authors":"Faidatu Ummi, C. Retnaningdyah, B. Yanuwiadi","doi":"10.21776/ub.biotropika.2023.011.01.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.biotropika.2023.011.01.03","url":null,"abstract":"Riparian vegetation habitats in irrigation canals provide various ecosystem regulatory services for human life, one of them was providing natural enemies for agricultural pests. This study aims to analyze the abundance of natural enemies at the paddy field, then to figure out the interaction between the riparian vegetation and natural enemies based on four different locations of tertiary irrigation canals at Slamet Village. Arthropods were observed by visual control and yellow pan trap methods. Whereas, riparian vegetation sampling points were determined by purposive sampling. The measured riparian vegetation and natural enemies were described by the important value index (INP), abundance, Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H'), evenness (E), dominance index (Id), and taxa richness (TR). The interaction between the riparian vegetation and natural enemies was analyzed by the PAST 3.20 program. The results showed that the first location of irrigation canals had the highest Shannon-Wiener Index value, taxa richness, evenness, and the lowest dominance value of riparian vegetation with respectively 4.97; 37 species; 0.93; and 0.02. Moreover, it was following with the highest value of natural enemies taxa richness (16 species), total abundance (4450 individuals), H' index (2.37), evenness (0.59), and low dominance index (0.27). Arthropods that act as natural enemies that were commonly found in this location came from the Formicidae, Coenagrionidae, and Coccinelidae families, while the most common pests found are from the Acrididae families. The opposite of that, the fourth location had the highest value of dominance index of riparian vegetation and pest arthropods (0.15; 0.84), H’ index of pest (2.31), taxa richness of pest (0.77), and the total abundance of pest arthropod (942 individuals). Pests that inhabit this location came from the Acrididae, Drosophilidae, Tephritidae, and Aphididae families","PeriodicalId":9004,"journal":{"name":"Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83839131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect Of Light Spectrum LED Lettuce on IOT-Based Indoor Farming","authors":"Moh. Haris Imron S Jaya, Septafiansyah Dwi Putra, Imam Sofi’i","doi":"10.21776/ub.biotropika.2023.011.01.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.biotropika.2023.011.01.05","url":null,"abstract":"Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is an economically important crop worldwide and one of the most popular species grown in indoor farming. Lettuce's fast growth and growing cycle make lettuce a model plant to study the interaction between plants and light. The influence of light is one of the fundamental environmental factors for plant growth and development. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have higher light efficiency and higher wear efficacy, leading to a reduction in associated heating compared to other artificial lighting sources, such as fluorescent lamps or sodium vapor lamps. This research aimed to determine different responses of the morphological response of lettuce by giving LED light spectrum with a single color spectrum difference and IOT-based temperature and humidity monitoring. This research used a t-student test with a level of 5% on the mean value of the white light spectrum with a yellow light on lettuce plants. The addition of the LED light spectrum produces a different response to the morphological parameters. The addition of the LED spectrum gave a response to the plant height variable, where the provision of a yellow LED light spectrum resulted in plant height which affected lettuce plants","PeriodicalId":9004,"journal":{"name":"Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90813415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective Effect of Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorriza) Rhizome Extract on Monosodium Glutamate-Induced Mice Sperm","authors":"A. Soewondo, Yuyun Indriani Kartiko Santi, Agung Pramana Warih Marhendra, Sri Rahayu","doi":"10.21776/ub.biotropika.2023.011.01.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.biotropika.2023.011.01.02","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to determine the effect of the aqueous extract of temulawak (Curcuma xanthorriza) rhizome on the sperm quality of monosodium glutamate (MSG)-induced mice. This study used 30 male mice (aged 2.5-3 months old and weighing 25-30 g), which were then randomly divided into 5 groups: K- (healthy male mice received only aquadest), K+ (male mice exposed to 4 mg/kg BW MSG), MT1, MT2 and MT3 (MSG-induced male mice orally treated with 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 mg/g BW temulawak (C. xanthorriza) rhizome extract for 14 days, respectively). At the end of treatment, all mice were sacrificed, and mice were sacrificed, and cauda epididymis was isolated. The obtained semen was analyzed for its quality, including motility, viability, concentration and abnormalities of spermatozoa. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and followed by the Tukey test using SPSS for Windows. The results showed that MT1, MT2 and MT3 groups could improve sperm motility of MSG-induced mice (72.26±5.69, 79.16±4.45 and 74.06±4.79 %, respectively). The highest sperm viability was found in the MT2 group (77.83±2.75%) followed by MT1 and MT3 groups (70.19±5.93 and 72.41±5.53%, respectively). MT2 and MT3 groups could increase (p<0.05) sperm concentration in MSG-induced mice by 14.03x106 and 14.46x106 cells/ml, respectively. While, sperm abnormalities of MSG-induced mice tend to decrease in MT1, MT2, and MT3 groups by 38.10, 36.32 and 36.04%. In conclusion, the aqueous extract of C. xanthorriza rhizome significantly improved sperm quality by increasing the motility, viability and concentration of sperm and also altered the sperm abnormality of MSG-induced mice.","PeriodicalId":9004,"journal":{"name":"Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88024267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Lysis Buffers for Saliva DNA Extraction using Modified Magnetic-Silica Nanoparticle Beads","authors":"Muhammad Fauzi Arif, Ahadi Damar Prasetya, I. Lesmana, Niken Satuti Nur Handayani","doi":"10.21776/ub.biotropika.2023.011.01.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.biotropika.2023.011.01.01","url":null,"abstract":"Our previous study revealed that modified MAGSi (magnetic-silica nanopartivel beads) had various sizes and shapes that affected the DNA extraction process. In this study, we combined our MAGSi with several kinds of lysis buffer for DNA extraction to analyze the result. Human saliva DNA was extracted using three kinds of MAGSi. Each of them was made differently. We used ATL buffer, Triton Buffer, and without buffer for cell lysis. The concentration and purity of the extracted DNA were analyzed using spectrophotometry. Extracted DNA also was used as template DNA for DNA amplification using beta globin gene. This study revealed that our MAGSi-1 provided the best result for DNA concentration and purity. This study also revealed that DNA extraction using lysis buffer produced less concentration yield and purity value but it was more consistent. The concentration and purity value were different but consistent. All the extraction can be used as DNA template for amplification of human beta globin gene. Further studies are still needed to determine the effectiveness and consistency of the lysis buffer and our MAGSi.","PeriodicalId":9004,"journal":{"name":"Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology","volume":"138 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75746953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MAMMALS AND BIRD CONSERVATION STRATEGIES THROUGH COMMUNITY-BASED WILDLIFE WATCHING ECOTOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN PERHUTANI AREA IN PONCOKUSUMO, MALANG DISTRICT, EAST JAVA","authors":"I. Agustin, L. Hakim, Amin Setyo Leksono","doi":"10.21776/ub.biotropika.2023.011.01.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.biotropika.2023.011.01.06","url":null,"abstract":"Perhutani area in Poncokusumo is inhabited by endemic and protected mammals and birds. However the data of the species are still lacking while the wildlife is threatened by forest conversion and hunting activities. Â This study aims to determine mammals and bird conservation strategies through wildlife watching ecotourism based on community. The objectives are survey mammals and birds species in the Perhutani area in Poncokusumo, analyze the perception and knowledge of the community and visitors toward wildlife, analyze local people and visitors perception on idea to develop wildlife watching ecotourism and conducted SWOT analysis to formulate mammals and birds conservation strategy through wildlife watching ecotourism based on local community. The results showed that the Perhutani forest in Poncokusumo has 13 species of mammals and 54 species of birds and included in the category with very good quality of fauna diversity. Local people and visitor perceptions towards mammals and birds are vary, but most of the respondents are support the idea of developing wildlife watching ecotourism. From the SWOT analysis result, there are 5 strategic recommendations. This study suggest that mammals and birds conservation through idea in developing wildlife watching ecotourism based on community in perhutani area of Poncokusumo is possible to be applied.","PeriodicalId":9004,"journal":{"name":"Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78060123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}