OMICS journal of radiology最新文献

{"title":"Modeling of Acute Rectal Toxicity to Compare Two Patient Positioning Methods for Prostate Cancer Radiotherapy: Can Toxicity Modeling be Used for Quality Assurance?","authors":"X Liu,&nbsp;J Li,&nbsp;S E Schild,&nbsp;M H Schild,&nbsp;W Wong,&nbsp;S Vora,&nbsp;M G Herman,&nbsp;M Fatyga","doi":"10.4172/2167-7964.1000302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-7964.1000302","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) allows for significant dose reductions to organs at risk in prostate cancer patients. However, the accurate delivery of IMRT plans can be compromised by patient positioning errors. The purpose of this study was to determine if the modeling of grade ≥ 2 acute rectal toxicity could be used to monitor the quality of IMRT protocols.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>79 patients treated with Image and Fiducial Markers Guided IMRT (FMIGRT) and 302 patients treated with trans-abdominal ultrasound guided IMRT (USGRT) was selected for this study. Treatment plans were available for the FMIGRT group, and hand recorded dosimetric indices were available for both groups. We modeled toxicity in the FMIGRT group using the Lyman Kutcher Burman (LKB) and Univariate Logistic Regression (ULR) models, and we modeled toxicity in USGRT group using the ULR model. We performed Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) analysis on all of the models and compared the Area under the ROC curve (AUC) for the FMIGRT and the USGRT groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The observed Incidence of grade ≥ 2 rectal toxicity was 20% in FMIGRT patients and 54% in USGRT patients. LKB model parameters in the FMIGRT group were TD₅₀=56.8 Gy, slope m=0.093, and exponent n=0.131. The most predictive indices in the ULR model for the FMIGRT group were D_25% and V_{50 Gy}. AUC for both models in the FMIGRT group was similar (AUC=0.67). The FMIGRT URL model predicted less than a 37% incidence of grade ≥ 2 acute rectal toxicity in the USGRT group. A fit of the ULR model to USGRT data did not yield a predictive model (AUC=0.5).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Modeling of acute rectal toxicity provided a quantitative measure of the correlation between planning dosimetry and this clinical endpoint. Our study suggests that an unusually weak correlation may indicate a persistent patient positioning error.</p>","PeriodicalId":90030,"journal":{"name":"OMICS journal of radiology","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2167-7964.1000302","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36976648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Combined Approach of CEUS and DEMR in the Diagnosis of Parathyroid Hyperparathyroidism","authors":"Ameen, S. Kumaran, K. Mani","doi":"10.4172/2167-7964.1000297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-7964.1000297","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Ultrasound detection of parathyroid hyperparathyroidism solely depends upon radiologist experience in all modalities. Large nodule more than 5 mm can be detected confidently in ultrasound alone with proper history. However nodule<2 mm, negative ultrasound, not traced nuclear medicine study, further patients have persistent primary hyperparathyroidism symptoms and biochemical parameters increased is challenging task. This small nodule establishing diagnosis with appropriate surgery treatment planning in symptomatic patients from minimal invasive surgery to total neck exploration alarms endocrine surgeons. Our study emphasis on value of advanced MR and CEUS imaging protocol in detecting even small nodules as compared to conventional CT and MR wherein sensitivity and specificity is low and moreover CT is radiation modality.Objectives: This study directly compared diagnostic value of dynamic enhanced DEMR and 4D CT application for preoperative detection of solitary parathyroid nodule.Patients and methods: 31 patients selected as sample volume. 18 positive patients detected incidental parathyroid nodule by USG with biochemical parameters were grouped for further evaluation. 3 patients showed negative ultrasound, but with increased lab value subjected to SPECT and lesion localized and grouped along with positive cases. 10 patients were initial suspected clinically but normal lab value and negative ultrasound set as control group in our study. Each patient provided written informed consent to participate in this study. All positive patients subjected to CEUS and 4D MR and within 2 weeks surgery planning done accordingly and specimen cytology results compared for positive cases as gold standard. Results: Surgery specimen revealed 16 solitary parathyroid adenomas, 3 parathyroid carcinoma, and 2 patients with atypical parathyroid lesion like cyst with no complication. These results are correlated with CEUS and 4D MR results. No evidence of multiple lesions/diffuse involvement noted in our study and these results are correlated with HPE. The diagnostic sensitivities for detection of parathyroid adenomas of 66% sensitivity and 94% specificity, PPV 66%, NPV 94% and accuracy 80% (n=21) by CEUS and DEMR.Conclusion: This study demonstrates that CEUS/DEMR is more sensitive in preoperative localization of parathyroid adenomas versus parathyroid carcinoma and reduces morbidity by selective minimal invasive planning.","PeriodicalId":90030,"journal":{"name":"OMICS journal of radiology","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2167-7964.1000297","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70851766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postpartum Ovarian Vein Thrombosis (POVT): A Short Focus Update","authors":"Cherif Mohamadou Aidara, A. Diop, K. Ahmed, Diouf Aa, M. Diallo, A. Diop, S. B. Diop, Niang Eh","doi":"10.4172/2167-7964.1000295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-7964.1000295","url":null,"abstract":"The ovarian vein is organized into the ovarian venous plexus that collects in a single vein. It increases in diameter significantly during pregnancy from 9 to 27 mm. It travels in the retroperitoneal space and joins the renal vein on the right side and the inferior vena cava on the left side. The proximity of the ureter explains possibility of compression in case of thrombosis [4]. In addition to thrombophilia factor during peripartum period, septic conditions must be added as an endometritis that justifies routine antibiotic therapy in this condition. However, ovarian vein thrombosis can be observed in neoplasia or infections [3]. Teh et al. reported an observation of ovarian vein thrombosis due to Campylobacter fetus bacteremia [5].","PeriodicalId":90030,"journal":{"name":"OMICS journal of radiology","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2167-7964.1000295","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70851458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Food Intake on Intravoxel Incoherent Motion and T2* in the Healthy Liver","authors":"T. Shimizu, Kazuhiro Saito, N. Shirota, T. L. Harada, Y. Tajima, Yoichi Araki, K. Tokuuye","doi":"10.4172/2167-7964.1000285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-7964.1000285","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: To evaluate the effect of increasing portal flow due to food intake on the parameters of Intravoxel Incoherent Motion (IVIM) and T2* relaxation time in healthy liver. \u0000Materials and methods: The subjects consisted of 15 healthy volunteers. We used a 1.5 T MRI system. All subjects received MRI three times as follows: after overnight fasting but before food intake, at 30 min, and at 4 h after food intake. MRI was repeated at a greater than 1 week interval. All subjects had 800 kcal of Calorie Mate. The echoplanar diffusion-weighted imaging was performed under free breathing and 10 b-values (0, 10, 20, 30, 50, 80, 100, 200, 400, 800 s/mm2) were obtained. T2*-weighted imaging with multi-echo gradient-echo sequence was performed with Siemens MapIt software under breath-holding. The portal flow measurement was performed with phase contrast sequence. The parameters of IVIM including ADC, DC, D*, and PF were calculated and T2* relaxation time was obtained using MapIt. \u0000Results: The portal blood flow increased significantly 30 min after food intake (P<0.0001). The ADC, DC, D*, PF and T2* values after overnight fasting, at 30 min, and at 4 h after food intake showed no significant differences after food intake. \u0000Conclusion: Increasing portal venous flow after food intake does not affect IVIM parameters and T2* of liver parenchyma in healthy volunteers.","PeriodicalId":90030,"journal":{"name":"OMICS journal of radiology","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2167-7964.1000285","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43332564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Gamma Ray on Reactive Oxygen Species at Experimental Animals","authors":"Zakaria Km","doi":"10.4172/2167-7964.1000283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-7964.1000283","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was designed to investigate the oxidative stress, which is due to the effect of low doses of gamma irradiation. Animals were divided into 6 groups, where the first group kept as control group, while 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th groups were exposed to gamma ray at 1.5 Gy, 2 Gy, 2.5 Gy, 3 Gy and 3.5 Gy once weekly for one month respectively. Rats were subjected to gamma radiation and nitric oxides (NO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and white blood cells (WBCs) were measured. SOD recorded highly significant decrease with percent change -22.7%, -25.01%, -55.01% -55.4% and -56.38% respectively in groups which were exposed to 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3 and 3.5 Gy. MDA serum level have a significant increase in groups which were exposed to successive doses of 1.5 Gy, 2 Gy, 2.5 Gy, 3 Gy and 3.5 Gy respectively with percent change 25.7% , 41.8% 59.1% 65.6% 75.8% consequently as compared to control group. Nitric oxide serum level is markedly showed highly significant increase in rats exposed to successive dose of 1.5, Gy, 2 Gy, 2.5 Gy, 3 Gy and 3.5 Gy respectively with percent change 59.69%, 74.17%, 87.1%, 120.1% and 130.6% consequently as compared to control group. ALT and AST recorded highly significant increase in rats exposure to successive doses of 1.5, Gy, 2 Gy, 2.5 Gy, 3 Gy and 3.5 Gy respectively. On the other hand WBCs recorded highly significant decreased in rats exposed to successive dose of 1.5, Gy, 2 Gy, 2.5 Gy, 3 Gy and 3.5 Gy respectively. WBCs recorded percent change -26.11%, -32.3%, -47.8%, -50.1% and -53.6% respectively as compared to control group.","PeriodicalId":90030,"journal":{"name":"OMICS journal of radiology","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2167-7964.1000283","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43446463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary Breast Liposarcoma","authors":"I. RodríguezSuárez, N. Moguel, R. Espejo, N. Rios, Bautista","doi":"10.4172/2167-7964.1000282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-7964.1000282","url":null,"abstract":"Primary Breast Sarcomas are rare, accounting for less than 1% of breast malignancies. The authors present a case of primary breast liposarcoma in a 58 year old female with a left palpable lump, present since four months. Following core needle biopsy, the nodule was diagnosed as well differentiated liposarcoma. She underwent conservative surgery of the left breast, without radiation therapy. The patient is currently free from any symptoms of local recurrence and metastases 9 months after surgery.","PeriodicalId":90030,"journal":{"name":"OMICS journal of radiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2167-7964.1000282","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45104430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dendrimer-Trastuzumab Contrast Agent Improves Imaging of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) On Her2 Positive Breast Cancer Cell Line HCC-1954 in Apple Scaffold","authors":"Soekersi H, Bashari Mh, Huda F, Rudiman R, Sahiratmadja E, Soetikno Rd","doi":"10.4172/2167-7964.1000281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-7964.1000281","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Gd-DOTA is a micromolecular compound that is not specific for HER2+ breast cancer cells. It is not retained in the tissues and easily excreted via kidney and stool leading to suboptimal imaging. Conjugation of Gd-DOTA with trastuzumab by dendrimer will create a macromolecule and specifically bind to HER2 receptor. This study aimed to evaluate enhancing intensity of Gd-Dota-Dendrimer-Trastuzumab by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in HER2+ breast cancer cells HCC1954 in apple scaffold. \u0000Methods: HER2+ breast cancer cell, HCC-1954 was culture in 3 dimensional culture system using apple scaffold. Intensity of contrast agents were evaluated using MRI. Cytotoxic activity of Gd-Dota-Dendrimer-Trastuzumab was evaluated in HER2+ breast cancer cells (HCC-1954 and SKBR-3) and HER2- breast cancer cell (MCF-7) using MTT assay. This study was an experimental test using Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) method with statistical test of Generalized Linear Model (GLM) with exchangeable matrix correlation structure. \u0000Result: We confirmed that HCC-1954 cells were grown in apple scaffold and increased intensity of MRI image. Interestingly, Gd-Dota-Dendrimer-Trastuzumab tended to increase intensity of MRI image compared to Gd-Dota using HCC-1954 cells in apple scaffold, although the difference was not significant (p>0.05). Importantly, the HER2+ sensitive to trastuzumab cells, SKBR3 cells were still sensitive to Gd-Dota-Dendrimer-Trastuzumab but not the HCC-1954 and MCF-7 cells. \u0000Conclusion: Gd-Dota-Dendrimer-Trastuzumab was potentially increase MRI intensity in HER2+ breast cancer cells.","PeriodicalId":90030,"journal":{"name":"OMICS journal of radiology","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2167-7964.1000281","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41894450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The sonographic evaluation of liver transplantation","authors":"Miao Chen","doi":"10.4172/2167-7964-C1-016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-7964-C1-016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90030,"journal":{"name":"OMICS journal of radiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70853515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Dentists Knowledge towards Cone Beam Computed Tomography in Public and University Teaching Hospitals in Khartoum State","authors":"Y. Abdelmonaim, A. Fayez, R. Abid, K. Abdelraziq, R. Mohammed, O. Hashim, H. Gassim, N. Tawfig","doi":"10.4172/2167-7964.1000280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-7964.1000280","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is an excellent three-dimensional (3D) imaging technique. It was introduced in 1996. In developing countries including Sudan this technique has been recently introduced. \u0000The aim of this study was to assess the current knowledge of dentists in University teaching hospitals and public hospitals in Khartoum State with regards to the usage and application of CBCT. \u0000Material and method: After obtaining permission and ethical clearance from the responsible authorities, this study on CBCT was conducted among dentists in University and public hospitals by using a self-administered questionnaire to assess the knowledge on CBCT among dentists. The questionnaire was distributed among 250 dentists in Universities teaching hospitals and public hospitals in Khartoum state. It includes allocated information comprised demographic data (age, gender, years of employment, educational degree, duration of experience and working area) in addition to fifteen questions concerning) regarding the CBCT technology. \u0000Result: 220 Dentist responded to the questionnaire. 2.7% have been found to have a high level of knowledge, 18.6% had an average level of knowledge, 54.1% low level and the remaining 20.9% had very low level of knowledge. A significant difference was noted among the category of gender (p=0.00). Based on educational level, the highest score of knowledge was found among specialist (p=0.004). \u0000Conclusion: This study concludes that the knowledge of the dentists either general practitioners or specialists about cone beam computed tomography as a new imagining modality is inadequate.","PeriodicalId":90030,"journal":{"name":"OMICS journal of radiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2167-7964.1000280","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44061414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sonographic measurement of inferior vena cava as a predictor of hypovolemia in children undergoing major operation","authors":"Ahmad A El Daba","doi":"10.4172/2167-7964-C1-015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-7964-C1-015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90030,"journal":{"name":"OMICS journal of radiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70853852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}