Journal of neurology & translational neuroscience最新文献_第2页

Deletion of Virus-specific T-cells Enhances Remyelination in a Model of Multiple Sclerosis. 在多发性硬化症模型中，病毒特异性t细胞的缺失增强了髓鞘再生。

Journal of neurology & translational neuroscience Pub Date : 2014-01-01

Aleksandar Denic, Bharath Wootla, Laurie Zoecklein, Moses Rodriguez

{"title":"Deletion of Virus-specific T-cells Enhances Remyelination in a Model of Multiple Sclerosis.","authors":"Aleksandar Denic, Bharath Wootla, Laurie Zoecklein, Moses Rodriguez","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"We used transgenic expression of capsid antigens to Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) to study how the immune response to VP1 and VP2 influences spinal cord demyelination, remyelination and axonal loss during the acute and chronic phases of infection. Expression from birth of capsid antigen under the ubiquitin promoter resulted in tolerance to the antigen and absence of an immune response to the respective capsid antigen following virus infection. The transgenic mice were crossed to B10.Q mice normally susceptible to demyelination but which, when compared to FVB mice of the same H2 q haplotype, show poor remyelination. The major finding in this study was that VP1+ and VP2+ animals featured more remyelination at all three chronic time points (90, 180 and 270 dpi) than transgene-negative controls. Interestingly, at 270 dpi, remyelination in VP1+ mice tended to be higher and more complete than that in VP2+ mice. Compared with transgene- negative controls, VP1+ and VP2+ animals showed similar demyelination in but less only late in the disease (270 dpi). The number of mid-thoracic axons at the last time point correlated with the levels of remyelination. The increase in number of axons in VP1+ mice with remyelination was driven by counts in medium- and large-caliber axons. This study supports the hypothesis that expression of viral capsid proteins as self and subsequent genetic deletion of capsid-specific T cells influences the extent of spinal cord remyelination following Theiler's virus-induced demyelination. We propose that VP1- and, to a lesser extent, VP2-specific CD8+ T cells limit and/or prevent the naturally occurring process of remyelination. This finding may have relevance to human multiple sclerosis, as targeted removal of CD8+ T cells specific for a yet-to-be-discovered causative peptide may enhance remyelination and prevent axonal loss in patients.","PeriodicalId":89985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurology & translational neuroscience","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4222056/pdf/nihms553626.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32803528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bilateral Synergy: A Framework for Post-Stroke Rehabilitation. 双边协同:卒中后康复的框架。

Journal of neurology & translational neuroscience Pub Date : 2013-10-23

Rl Sainburg, D Good, A Przybyla

{"title":"Bilateral Synergy: A Framework for Post-Stroke Rehabilitation.","authors":"Rl Sainburg, D Good, A Przybyla","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Unilateral stroke produces debilitating deficits in voluntary control in the contralesional arm, and significant motor coordination deficits in the ipsilesional arm. In addition, patients tend to avoid bilateral arm patterns and during performance of activities of daily living. Nevertheless, upper extremity physical rehabilitation predominantly focuses on motor training activities with only the paretic arm. This can be limiting because of persistent deficits in the ipsilesional arm, and because of the tendency of patients to avoid spontaneous bilateral arm patterns.Proposition: Rehabilitation should focus on bilateral training to advance recovery of function in both arms of stroke patients, as well as to facilitate spontaneous bilateral arm use. This paper reviews the rationale for this approach, citing evidence for significant hemisphere specific bilateral motor deficits in stroke patients, which affect both the contralesional and the ipsilesional arm. The rationale for, and advantages of, training both arms simultaneously through bilateral tasks is reviewed. Although bilateral training has been employed to treat stroke patients previously, this has tended to focus on bimanual 'coupling' as a rationale for performing parallel, but not cooperative bilateral tasks. Bilateral synergy provides a more functional framework for structuring post-stroke upper extremity rehabilitation.Conclusion: Bilateral synergy may be causally linked to spontaneous bilateral arm use, suggesting that rehabilitation should be focused on bilateral cooperative tasks, such as bilateral object transport. Further research is required to determine whether this approach could be efficacious for patients with hemiparesis, and whether both left and right hemisphere strokes can benefit from such intervention.","PeriodicalId":89985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurology & translational neuroscience","volume":"1 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3984050/pdf/nihms535702.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32260712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Virtual Reality Arm Supported Training Reduces Motor Impairment In Two Patients with Severe Hemiparesis. 虚拟现实手臂支持训练减少两名严重偏瘫患者的运动损伤。

Journal of neurology & translational neuroscience Pub Date : 2013-09-15

Przybyla, Dc Good, Rl Sainburg

引用次数: 0

The Vanishing Clot. 消失的血块。

Journal of neurology & translational neuroscience Pub Date : 2013-01-01

Elisabeth B Marsh, Kwan Ng, Rafael H Llinas

引用次数: 0